기질 및 성격에 따른 기공기반 스트레스완화 프로그램의 효과

황은영 ( Eun Young Hwang ),정선용 ( Sun Yong Chung ),황의완 ( Wei Wan Hwang ),김종우 ( Jong Woo Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2010 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.21 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between the effectiveness of Brief Qigong-based Stress Reduction Program(BQSRP) and personality. Methods: Twenty nine women and nine men from the community with symptoms of distress(mean age 39.4 years, SD=11.4) were randomized into a group receiving a 4-week intervention of BQSRP(n=19) or a waiting-list control group. All subjects completed the temperament and character inventory (TCI) before the intervention. Before and after the intervention period, questionnaires were completed on perceived stress scale(PSS), anxiety, and quality of life. Results: 1. Those who have higher temperament of harm avoidance or lower character of self-directedness showed higher PSS, Hwa-Byung character, Hwa-Byung symptom, STAI and lower WHOQOL-BREF scores. 2. In the BQSRP training group, a correlation analysis demonstrated an association between higher temperament of harm avoidance and greater improvement of perceived stress and an association between lower character of self-directedness and greater improvement of perceived stress. 3. Those who have high Hwa-Byung symptom scores prefer the breathing meditation and there were no differences in effects of BQSRP group by the preference Brief Qigong-based Meditation(BQM) component. Conclusions: These results suggest that a BQSRP training may be effective for those with higher harm avoidance trait and low self-directedness.

기질 및 성격검사(TCI)에 나타난 한방신경정신과 환자의 전반적 특성 및 화병 환자의 특성

김상영 ( Sang Young Kim ),송승연 ( Seung Yeon Song ),정선용 ( Sun Yong Chung ),김종우 ( Jong Woo Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2012 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.23 No.4

동양문화에 기반한 인지치료인 도가인지치료의 연구동향

권찬영 ( Chang Young Kwon ),최은지 ( Eun Ji Choi ),정선용 ( Sun Young Chung ),김종우 ( Jong Woo Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2016 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.27 No.2

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to introduce Chinese Taoist Cognitive Psychotherapy (CTCP), a psychotherapy based on Oriental culture, and review related research to understand its efficacy. Methods: Relevant articles were searched from CNKI, WANFANG, Pubmed, EMBASE, AMED and CENTRAL. Results: Thirty-seven studies were selected based on our inclusion criteria, which included 31 RCTs. The overall risk of bias of the RCTs was unclear or high. In the total relevant studies, the target diseases were most commonly depression and anxiety disorder. Generally, CTCP combined with Western medicine was significantly more effective than prescribing medicine alone. Conclusions: CTCP can be useful for several psychiatric disorders including depression and anxiety disorder; however, more high-quality clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy.

심박변이도 지표에 나타난 자율신경 상태와 우울, 불안 및 분노 설문검사 척도 간의 상관성 평가

김상영 ( Sang Young Kim ),서현욱 ( Hyun Wook Seo ),김종우 ( Jong Woo Kim ),정선용 ( Sun Yong Chung ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2011 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.22 No.4

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the relationship between HRV indices and scores of emotional questionnaires and to find out the effective way to assess patients emotional and physical condition. Methods: We selected 144 patients who had both HRV data and BDI, STAL and STAXI scores on the chart among outpatients from July 2006 to December 2010. The relationship between the scores rated from the questionnaires and HRV indices are analyzed. And the HRV indices of patients included in the top 30 percent group and the bottom 30% group are compared. Results: 1. There were no significant correlations between HRV indices and scores of BDI, STAI and trait anger of STAXI. 2. SDNN and TP of HRV significantly decreased with higher state anger scores of STAXI. The top 30 percent group of state anger had lower SDNN, TP, LF, HF and HRV-index and higher pNN50 than bottom 30 percent group. 3. RMSSD of HRV significantly decreased with higher anger-in scores of STAXI. The top 30 percent group of anger-in had lower RMSSD than the bottom 30 percent group. Conclusions: HRV can be used to evaluate emotional and physical changes related to state anger and inappropriate anger expression.

두부진전을 주증상으로 내원한 심인성 진전 환자 치험례

황은영 ( Eun Young Hwang ),정선용 ( Sun Yong Chung ),김종우 ( Jong Woo Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2010 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Objectives: Abnormal movements are among the most common psychogenic symptoms, and psychogenic movement disorders(PMD) are estimated to account for 2-3% of patients in movement disorders clinics. Psychogenic tremor is the most frequent symptoms among psychogenic movement disorders. There are no treatment studies specific to PMD and lack any generally accepted treatment strategies. Methods: In this case, a 40 years old women had been suffered from head tremor for 4-5 years without any evidence for other neurological disorders and medical problems. Her symptom caused by stress events and severity of symptom had been change the level of by stress. We treated her with korean traditional herbal medicine( Chengsimyeonjatang), Qigong-based Stress Reduction Program(BQSRP), Giungoroen(wise saying and lofty opinion) and Gyeongjapyeongji(desensitizing the unease) for 2 months. Results: After treatment, the severity and frequency of the head tremors were decreased. In addition, anxiety level also decreased Conclusions: This result suggests that our oriental medical treatments was effective on psychogenic tremor.

매핵기(梅核氣)로 인해 음식을 삼키지 못하는 전환장애 환아 치험 1례

황은영 ( Eun Young Hwang ),서진우 ( Sun Yong Chung ),서현욱 ( Jong Woo Kim ),정선용 ( Jin Woo Suh ),김종우 ( Hyun Uk Suh ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2009 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Objective: This study was designed to research the effect of the korean traditional herbal medicine and oriental psychotheraphy on globus hytericus and swallowing difficulty caused by conversion disorder. Methods: A 10 years old male patient suffer from globus sensation and swallowing difficulty for 2 months. We treated him with the korean traditional herbal medicine(Banhahubak-tang) and oriental psychotheraphy for 27 days. Results: After this treatment, globus sensation and swallowing difficulty were decreased and appetite were increased. In addition, compulsion had been severe and it was improved after this treatment. Conclusions: Psychiatrists have reported that conversion disorder is not common in children especially under 10 years old. Globus hystericus, dysphagia is symptoms of conversion disoder but globus hystericus is very rare in childhood. In this case, we recognized that the korean traditional herbal medicine and oriental psychotheraphy could be effective for the clinical symptoms of globus hystericus and swallowing difficulty.

흐름식 아임계수에 의한 경유오염토양의 정화

이광춘,정선국,정선용,조영태,박정훈,Li, Guang-Chun,Jung, Sun-Kook,Chung, Seon-Yong,Jo, Young-Tae,Park, Jeong-Hun 한국지하수토양환경학회 2011 지하수토양환경 Vol.16 No.3

The experimental studies for remediation of diesel contaminated soils were performed using subcritical water in laboratory scale. Contaminated soils from industrial area and artificially contaminated soils were utilized for soil remediation. Experimental system was composed for subcritical water to flow upward through the soil packed column for extracting contaminants. 10 g of contaminated soil was packed into the column and water flow rate was 2 mL/min. To evaluate the effects of temperature, pressure and treatment time on the removal efficiency, temperature was changed from 100$^{\circ}C$ to 350$^{\circ}C$, pressure from 50 bar to 220 bar and treatment time at the predetermined temperature from 0 min to 120 min. The purification efficiency increased as temperature increased. However, the effect of pressure and treatment time was low. Temperature 250$^{\circ}C$, pressure 50 bar and treatment time 30 min were selected for optimal operating condition for this study.

선회생쥐(circling mouse) 청각 뇌줄기에서 Glycine 수용체(α1+α2)에 대한 면역염색학적 분포

최인영(In-young Choi),정선용(Sun Young Chung),김소연(So Youn Kim),김명주(Myeung Ju Kim) 대한해부학회 2008 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.41 No.1

청각기능이 상실되는 귀먹음(deafness)은 인간에서 가장 흔한 감각결손으로 성인에서 주로 강렬한 소리, 기계적 외상 또는 질병에 의한 달팽이(cochlea)의 손상에 의해 초래된다. 청각 상실시 뇌의 청각로가 변화해 중심 청각로의 신경연접에 구조적인 변화가 생기게 되며, 이런 구조적 변화는 신경연접에서 신경 전달의 세기를 변화시키는데 달팽이가 손상되면 일시적 혹은 지속적인 청각뇌줄기의 glutamate성, glycine성, GABA성의 조절 경로가 변화한다. 이런 흥분성과 억제성의 입력은 주파수별로 구성되어 서로가 완벽하게 조율되어 있다. 포유류의 청각 뇌줄기의 가쪽위올리브핵(LSO)과 안쪽마름섬유체핵(MNTB)은 많은 억제성 투사를 갖고 있는 곳으로 억제성 연접 발달을 연구하는데 유용한 모델이다. 그러나, 중추신경계통에서 억제성 신경연접에 대해선 연구된 바가 많지 않다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 태어난 지 16일째의 정상군과 속귀의 이상이 있는 돌연변이 선회생쥐의 청각 뇌줄기(auditory brainstem)에서 glycine성 억제성 투사가 일어나는 신경핵인 LSO와 MNTB에서의 glycine 수용체의 상대적 분포를 면역조직화학 기법을 이용해 처음으로 비교했다. 각 군의 상대적인 LSO 신경핵에서의 면역반응성의 세기는 정상군, 이형접합체군, 그리고 동형접합체군에서 각각 86.4±7.2, 76.7±10.7, 그리고 61.1±4.1이었으며, MNTB에서는 정상군이 97.6±8.7, 이형접합체군이 91.7±8.9, 그리고 동형접 합체군은 74.9±7.8으로 관찰되었다. 이처럼 LSO와 MNTB 모두에서 glycine 수용체에 대한 면역반응성이 줄어든 것은 신경연접 이후 억제성 glycine 수용체의 숫자가 줄어드는 것에 기인한 것으로 생각된다. 본 실험에 사용한 자연발생적 돌연변이 선회생쥐는 청각세포와 나선신경절세포의 손상에 의해 청각신경의 활성도가 붕괴된 것으로 인간에서 발생하는 귀먹음의 병태생리에 관한 중추에서의 기전을 연구하는데 가치가 있을 것으로 생각되며, 이 결과는 인간에서 유전적으로 발생한 귀먹음에서 중추에서의 신경연접 변화를 연구하는데 기초적인 자료를 제공할 수 있을 것이다. Hearing loss in adults can stem from damage to the cochlea and the cochlear nerves inflicted by intense noise, mechanical trauma, or disease. Hearing loss is associated with degenerative changes in central auditory pathways, and hearing deficits are often accompanied by changes in the synaptic organization of the central auditory pathways. In addition to structural rearrangements, hearing loss may induce changes in the strength of synaptic transmissions. These effects may alter both transient and persistent regulation of transmitter release from glutamatergic, glycinergic, and GABAergic pathways in the auditory brain stem. The converging excitatory and inhibitory inputs are exquisitely organized topographically and are aligned perfectly with each other. The LSO and MNTB in the mammalian auditory brain stem provide and receive many glycinergic inputs. Thus, this auditory system is a useful model to study inhibitory synaptic development. However, little is known about the inhibitory synapses in the central nervous system. First, we used immunohistochemistry to compare the glycine receptor (GlyR) distribution in the LSO and MNTB, which project glycinergic inhibitory input into the auditory brainstem, in circling mice (P16), which have a spontaneous mutation in the inner ear, with wild-type mice. The relative immunoreactive density of the LSO was 86.4±7.2 in wild-type, 76.7±10.7 in heterozygous, and 61.1±4.1 in homozygous mice. The relative immunoreactive density of the MNTB was 97.6±8.7 in wild-type, 91.7±8.9 in heterozygous, and 74.9±7.8 in homozygous mice. These results reveal a decreased GlyR immunoreactivity in both the LSO and MNTB, which may be attributable to a postsynaptic decrease in GlyR number. Our model uses congenitally deaf mice, in which both spontaneous and evoked auditory nerve activity are disrupted because of dysfunctional hair cell-spiral ganglion cell transmission. This provides a naturally occurring model that may provide valuable insights into the central aspects of human congenital deafness in addition to the central consequences of a lack of auditory nerve activity. Our results are likely to be relevant to our understanding of the central changes underlying human hereditary deafness.

전기분해에 의한 하수슬러지 가용 효과 연구

이지선(Lee, Ji-Sun),장인성(Chang, In-Soung),이철구(Lee, Chul-Ku),정선용(Chung, Son-Young) 한국산학기술학회 2011 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.12 No.2

지속적인 하수처리장 증설에 따른 하수 슬러지 발생량이 증가하고 있으나, 런던협약 발효에 의해 2012년부 터 해양투기가 금지되어서 효과적인 슬러지 감량화 및 처분에 대한 기술 수요가 꾸준히 제기되고 있다. 따라서 본 연 구에서는 슬러지 처분법의 대안으로 전기분해를 활용한 슬러지 가용화 연구를 수행하였다. 전극은 티타늄 (Titanium) 에 이리듐 (Iridium)을 코팅한 불용성 전극을 사용하여 직류전원 공급장치 (DC power supply)를 이용하였다. 전압은 20V로 고정하여 폐슬러지 가용화 실험을 수행하였다. 전기분해에 의해 처리된 슬러지의 여액을 분석한 결과 Soluble COD, TN, TP가 각각 151%, 22%, 6% 가량 증가하였다. 또한, 슬러지의 플록 크기가 전기분해 후에 0.1 ~ 1.0 μm 영역에 있는 입자들이 다량 증가하였다. 이상의 결과는 전기분해에 의하여 미생물 세포가 파괴되어 세포 내 유기물질 이 세포 밖으로 용출됨으로써 미생물이 이용 가능한 상태로 전환되었음을 의미한다. 이는 고도처리 공정에서 슬러지 발생 저감과 함께 전기분해에 의해 가용화된 슬러지를 반송시킴으로써 외부 탄소원으로 활용할 수 있는 장점이 있다. Although sludge production has been increased due to the number of the wastewater treatment plants expanded, needs of the techniques for the sludge reduction and disposal has been issued importantly because the sludge dumping to ocean is prohibited from 2012 by the London Dumping Convention. Therefore, the sludge solubilization using electrolysis as an alternative techniques for the sludge disposal was carried out in this study. Iridium coated titanium based insoluble electrodes were used and 20 volt was applied to the electrolysis reactor using DC power supply. Supernatants of the treated sludge was monitored: The soluble COD, TN, TP of it was increased to 151%, 22% and 6% respectively. And the sludge floc size distribution was changed, that is, the flocs ranged from 0.1 to 1.0 μm were increased. All of these results indicate that the cells were lysed and the internal matters bursted out of the cell after electrolysis. As well as the reduction of the sludge production, the soluble organic matters from the cells could be used as an external carbon sources in the advanced wastewater treatment plants.

심박변이도(HRV: Heart Rate Variability) 측정을 통한 정서 상태 및 명상의 종류별 명상 효능 평가

서진우 ( Jin Woo Suh ),황은영 ( Eun Young Hwang ),정선용 ( Sun Yong Chung ),황의완 ( Wei Wan Whang ),김종우 ( Jong Woo Kim ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2009 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.20 No.3

Objectives: This study has the object to evaluate the effect of meditation at the clinical field and to classify the profer meditation by the emotional states of patients. Methods: Thirty volunteers have been recruited using local advertisement. They devided into two groups(patient group, normal group). Emotional states and stressors (STAI, STAXI, BDI, SCL-90-R, Stress Response inventory, Life event stress) have been evaluated. After that test HRV(Heart Rate Variability) has been tested and subjects took a 5-minute rest. After that, one of meditation has been chosed and has been demonstrated for 10 minutes by practiced trainer(Autogenic Training, Fruit Imaginary Meditation, Random assignment). After 5 minutes resting time, HRV has been measured again with meditation that had been administered. Results: 1. The higher the scale of emotional index, the more sensitively react has been occured according to the meditation. 2. The rate of HRV index that means stable state is higher in Fruit Imaginary Meditation group who thought to be administered meditation well.