잣나무넓적잎벌의 섭식량에 관한 연구

정상배,김철수 한국임학회 2000 한국산림과학회지 Vol.89 No.5

The damage by the black-tipped sawfly, Acantholyda posticalis posticalis, has been increasing all over the area of Korean pine(Pinus koraicnsis)stands in Korean peninsula. This study was conducted to provide basic information for the management and control of this pest by investigating the feeding quantity of pine needles during the larval stage. The results were summarized as follows : The total needles damaged in the larval stage of the black-tipped sawfly were 9,584㎜ in length on an average and those of female and male were 11,774㎜ and 7,394㎜, respectively. The total length ingested actually was 7,797㎜ and it was equivalent to 81.4% of the total length damaged. Early larval stage showed a little feeding and it was equivalent to 17% of total quantity. On the contrary, the feeding quantity in late larval stages of fourth and fifth instars amounted to 83%. The number of the frass excreted per larva was about 1,160, and the difference between male and female was not showed, whereas it showed remarkable difference among larval instars.

잣나무넓적잎벌의 피해률에 따른 잣나무의 목재와 종실 손실량에 대한 가치분석

정상배,송병민 한국산림경제학회 2000 산림경제연구 Vol.8 No.1

The damage of Korean pine by the black-tipped sawfly, Acantholyda parki, has been increasing at several locations in central part of Korean peninsula. This study was undertaken at selected plots in Kapyung-gun, Kyunggi province, from 1998 to 1999. The purpose of study was to provide basic information for integrated control of this pest and to estimate the economic damage by analyzing the loss value of timber and seed reduction by attack of the sawfly. Volume growth was remarkably reduced when more than 50% of the needles were damaged, and reduction of total volume increment at the levels 70% , 90% and 100% of needle damage were 4.1㎥, 10.2㎥ and 18.7㎥ per hectare, respectively. One year old cone formation began to be reduced from 30% defoliation of the needles and few cones were produced in above 60% of defoliation. Also seed production started to be reduced from 50% defoliation of needles and the reduction rate at the level 70% of needle damage was 85% . The loss value of timber volume by damage of the black-tipped sawfly is estimated at 432,000 won per hectare at 70% of defoliation and above 1,000,000 won at 90%. The loss of seed is analyzed amounting to 100,000 won per hectare at less than 50% of it and at over 70% exceeding 2,000, 000 won. In case being damaged over 70% of defoliation by the black-tipped sawfly, the economic loss of timber and seed in total 30-year Korean pine forests of Korea would be estimated above 2 billion won and 10 billion won, respectively.

고도에 따른 제주 습지 수서곤충의 종풍부성 변화 : Rapoport 법칙의 검정

정상배,김동순,전형식,양경식,김원택,Jeong, Sang-Bae,Kim, Dong-Soon,Jeon, Hyeong-Sik,Yang, Kyoung-Sik,Kim, Won-Taek 한국응용곤충학회 2010 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.49 No.3

생물다양성(또는 종풍부성)에 미치는 고도 또는 위도 효과는 과거에서부터 현재까지 생물지리학자들의 최대관심사 중 하나라 할 수 있다. 본 연구는 제주도 한라산 24개 습지에 발생하는 수서곤충을 대상으로 고도구배에 따른 출현 종수(종풍부성)의 변화특성을 구명하고 Rapoport의 법칙을 검정하고자 실시하였다. 습지의 면적 효과를 제거하지 않았을 때 해발고도가 증가 할수록 수서곤충 출현 종수는 단조적으로(monotonical) 감소하였고 상관분석결과 통계적으로 유의한 역상관 관계를 보였다(r = -0.64). 고도와 출현 종수의 관계에서 출현 종수를 면적 대비 표준화하여 면적 효과를 제거한 결과 고도의 증가에 따라 처음에는 출현 종수가 증가하다가 최고점을 지나서는 감소하는 전형적인 고봉형 양상(hump-shaped pattern)을 나타냈다. 각 종의 평균 서식고도(수직분포의 중위값)와 수직서식분포 범위와의 관계는 평균 서식고도가 높을수록 분포범위가 증가하는 Rapport의 법칙을 따랐다. 노린재목을 제외하고 평균 서식고도와 수직분포 범위 간에는 정상관을 보였다(잠자리목: r = 0.75, 노린재목: r = -0.22, 딱정벌레목: r = 0.72, 전체: r = 0.55). 또한 상위영역 종은 평균 분포범위가 904.3m로 하위영역 종의 469.5m보다 통계적으로 유의하게 분포범위가 넓었다. 종합적으로 판단할 때 고도별 한라산 습지 수서곤충의 종풍부성 분포는 Rapoport의 법칙에 잘 일치되었다. The effect of altitude and latitude on biodiversity (or species richness) has been a topic of great interest for many biogeographers for a long time. This study was conducted to examine the dynamics of species richness of aquatic insects along the altitudinal gradient in 24 wetlands on Mt. Halla, Jeju and test the Rapoport's rule. The species richness of aquatic insects monotonically decreased with increasing altitude, showing a significant inverse correlation (r = -0.64). However, the pattern of species richness with altitude showed a hump-shaped relationship, with a peak in species richness at intermediate elevations when the effects of area were removed. The altitudinal range of species tended to increase with increasing altitude, as Rapoport's rule predicts. There was a positive correlation between the altitudinal range size and the midpoint of the range size (Median) except for Hemiptera (Odonata: r = 0.75, Hemiptera: r = -0.22, Coleoptera: r = 0.72, Total: r = 0.55). Also, the extent of average altitudinal range of high-altitude species was 904.3m, and it was significantly wider than a 469.5m of low-altitude species. Consequently, the species richness of aquatic insects in wetlands on Mt. Halla along the altitudinal gradient well supported Rapoport's rule.

잣나무넓적잎벌 방제림분에 대한 잣나무 피해해석

정상배,김철수 ( Sang Bae Chung,Chul Su Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.3

To obtain basic information for establishing a pest control strategy for insect pest management system, changes in the population densities of the black-tipped sawfly(Acantholyda posticalis posticalis Matsumura) and damage patterns in tree growth were investigated in national forests in Hoigok-ri, Kapyung-gun, Kyunggi-do, where the pest control measures were taken. The results obtained were as follows ; 1. The larval density in the soil of the forests where the insecticides were applied have been kept below economic threshold for about 7 years. The density was the highest in the middle of slopes and similar to the level of the early stage of the insect outbreak. 2. After the pest control by insecticides, reduction in tree height and diameter growth lasted for 2-3 years in trees defoliated by over 70%. 3. The diameter growth of the trees damaged by black-tipped sawfly recovered faster in upper stem than in the lower. 4. volume growth of the trees defoliated over 70% by the insect decreased for three to four years. The volume loss of trees defoliated by 70% and 90% was 19.6% and 54.0%, respectively. 5. Maintaining the rate of defoliation below 50%, which is the economic threshold, by chemical control measures had an effect of reducing the tree volume loss by 40㎡/㏊ as compared with a stand defoliated by 90%.

소나무재선충병 방제시스템의 적합성

정상배,정호성 한국수목보호연구회 2010 수목보호 Vol.15 No.-

기생봉사육용 솔잎혹파리 유충채집에 관한 연구

정상배,김철수 ( Sang Bae Chung,Chul Soo Kim ) 한국산림과학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.3

Artificial precipitation test with sprinkler system was carried out to develop the collection method of arboreal larvae(proctotrupoid wasps) of pine needle gall midge for biological control in 1995. Effects of larvae falling on each amount of precipitation, season of precipitation and time of precipitation of a day following artificial precipitation were examined during the period of larvae falling season. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. Artificial precipitation with sprinkler system was highly effective for collection of pine needle gall midge larvae and the most suitable amount of precipitation was 5.3-9.4mm; application amount and hours of water were 8,000-16.000ℓ and 180-360 minutes, respectively. 2. The most effective period of larvae collection for artificial precipitation was approximately 20 days, from early through mid November, and larvae falling was 93.4% of the total number of larvae collection during this period. 3. Larvae falling from the tree crown was not affected by the artificial precipitation for the precipitation hour intervals in a day. 4. The percentage of parasitism of collected larvae of pine needle gall midge in November exceeded that of December but was not significantly different between two seasons. 5. Artificial precipitation of sprinkler system was effective in reducing 34% of gall formation after one year at collected sites of pine needle gall midge larvae. 6. The collection method of larvae following artificial precipitation was effective in reducing the expenses by 14-50% than that of collection method of infested needles.

분무장치를 (噴霧裝置) 이용한 솔잎혹파리 방제에 (防除) 관한 연구

정상배,김철수 한국산림과학회 1994 한국임학회 정기학술발표논문집 Vol.1994 No.-

VoIP 환경에서의 잡음제거를 위한 최적화된 위너 필터

정상배,이성독,한민수,Jeong, Sang-Bae,Lee, Sung-Doke,Hahn, Min-Soo 대한음성학회 2007 말소리 Vol.64 No.-

Noise reduction technologies are indispensable to achieve acceptable speech quality in VoIP systems. This paper proposes a Wiener filter optimized to the estimated SNR of noisy speech for the noise reduction in VoIP environments. The proposed noise canceller is applied as a pre-processor before speech encoding. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated by the PESQ in various noisy conditions. In this paper, the proposed algorithm is applied to G.711, G.723.1, and G.729A which are all VoIP speech codecs. The PESQ results show that the performance of our proposed noise reduction scheme outperforms those of the noise suppression in the IS-127 EVRC and the ETSI standard for the advanced distributed speech recognition front-end.

지능형 TV의 음성인식을 위한 참조 잡음 기반 음성개선

정상배,Jeong, Sangbae 한국정보통신학회 2013 한국정보통신학회논문지 Vol.17 No.2

본 논문에서는 지능형 TV의 음성인터페이스를 위한 잡음제거 시스템에 대해서 제안한다. 음성인식 성능 저하에 매우 나쁜 영향을 주는 TV 소리를 제거하기 위해서 TV 소리 자체를 참조 잡음으로 하는 잡음제거 알고리즘이 구현된다. 제안된 알고리즘에서 TV 스피커와 다채널 장비간의 전달함수를 추정한다. 그 후, 위너 필터를 동작시키기 위해서 잡음의 전력 스펙트럼이 추정된다. 추가적으로 후처리 과정이 적용되어 잔존 잡음을 제거한다. 실험의 의해서 제안된 알고리즘이 5 dB 입력 SNR에서 88 %의 음성인식률을 나타내었다. In this paper, a noise reduction system is proposed for the speech interface in intelligent TV applications. To reduce TV speaker sound which are very serious noises degrading recognition performance, a noise reduction algorithm utilizing the direct TV sound as the reference noise input is implemented. In the proposed algorithm, transfer functions are estimated to compensate for the difference between the direct TV sound and that recorded with the microphone installed on the TV frame. Then, the noise power spectrum in the received signal is calculated to perform Wiener filter-based noise cancellation. Additionally, a postprocessing step is applied to reduce remaining noises. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm shows 88% recognition rate for isolated Korean words at 5 dB input SNR.

제주도 습지의 수서곤충상과 분포 특성

정상배,오홍식,전형식,양경식,김원택 한국습지학회 2010 한국습지학회지 Vol.12 No.2

지난 2004년부터 2008년까지 제주도 지역 습지 102곳에 대해 수서곤충상과 서식지의 해발 고도와 고도의 분포 범위, 먹이형에 대한 연구를 시행하였다. 조사지내에서는 제주도의 수서곤충 총 7목 32과 73속 100종이 확 인되었다. 분류군별로는 하루살이목 1종, 잠자리목 23종, 강도래목 1종, 노린재목 23종, 딱정벌레목 47종, 날도 래목 3종, 파리목 2종이었다. 가장 광범위하게 분포하는 종은 방물벌레이며, 다음으로는 고추잠자리, 밀잠자리, 애소금쟁이이며, 다음은 애송장헤엄치게로 확인되었다. 단 한 곳에서만 확인된 종은 잘룩허리왕잠자리 등 16종이 었다. 고도에 따른 분포특성과 범위는 저지대에서는 방게아재비 등 10종, 중간지대에서는 새가슴물땡땡이 1 종, 고지대에서는 민강도래Kub 등 6종이었다. 그리고 협역분포종은 물장군 등 44종, 중간분포종은 물벌레 등 18종, 광역분포종은 메추리장구애비 등 21종 이었다. 조사지에서 확인된 100종 중 포식성 75종, 식식성 18종, 잡 식성 5종, 부식성 2종으로 나타났고 광역분포종의 대부분은 포식성으로 나타났다. 이처럼 제주도의 수서곤충은 대다수가 제한적인 고도의 범위에 분포하고 있고 포식성의 식성인 것으로 나타났다.