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공열분해에 의해 제조된 Nutrient-Rich Biochar가 토양 미생물 군집에 미치는 영향
노준석 ( Jun-suk Rho ),최아영 ( Ah-young Choi ),김신실 ( Sin-sil Kim ),정빈 ( Bhin Jung ),서동철 ( Dong-cheol Seo ) 한국환경농학회 2023 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2023 No.0
Biochar application to soil is recommended for its advantages in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving soil quality on agricultural land. However, plant-based biochar, certified as agricultural material in South Korea, has low nutrient content such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). When applied alone to the soil, it can cause nutrient deficiencies, limit crop growth, and enhance soil microbial diversity. Therefore, separate fertilizer prescription is necessary during biochar treatment, but a disadvantage is a need for excessive processing due to the easy leaching of nutrients from fertilizers. Hence, in this study, we aimed to manufacture biochar with improved nutrient and leaching characteristics by utilizing animal biochar, which is rich in nutrients and resources. We produced nutrient-rich biochar (NR-BC) by mixing plant-based and animal-based biochar and subjecting it to pyrolysis. We measured the P-fractionation of NR-BC using the modified Hedley fractionation method, and the microbiome difference in the soil 30 days after applying NR-BC treatment was measured. The analysis of P leaching form revealed that 94% of P in NR-BC was insoluble, indicating that the nutrients converted to an insoluble form during thermal decomposition. Although there was no significant difference in the changes at the phylum level of soil microorganisms between the untreated and control plots, applying NR-BC to the control plots resulted in a 5.4% decrease in Actinobacteria and a 6.2% increase in Proteobacteria, along with an increase in species diversity and richness. This suggests an increase in microorganisms that convert insoluble forms of Proteobacteria into soluble forms. Based on these results, the co-pyrolysis of animal and plant biochar was confirmed to improve biochar's nutrient content and leaching characteristics, making it a potential new form of fertilizer.
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