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RISS 인기검색어
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Effective numerical approach to assess low-cycle fatigue behavior of pipe elbows
장형운,함대기,정재욱,홍정욱 한국원자력학회 2018 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.50 No.5
We developed numerical models to efficiently simulate the low-cycle fatigue behavior of a pipe elbow. Toverify the model, in-plane cyclic bending tests of pipe elbow specimens were conducted, and a throughcrack occurred in the vicinity of the crown. Numerical models based on the erosion method and tie-breakmethod are developed, and the numerical results are compared with experimental results. The calculatedresults of both models are in good agreement with experimental results, and the model using the tie-breakmethod possesses two times faster calculation speed. Therefore, the numerical model based on the tiebreakmethod would be beneficial to evaluate the strength of piping systems under seismic loadings.
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SSI 수업에서 초등 과학 영재의 추론 유형별 근거 활용의 특징과 의사결정의 어려움 분석
장형운,장신호 한국초등과학교육학회 2023 초등과학교육 Vol.42 No.3
This study examined the reasoning of gifted elementary science students in a socioscientific issues (SSI) classroom discussion on COVID-19-related trash disposal challenges. This study aimed to understand the characteristics of evidence use and decision-making difficulties in each type of SSI-related reasoning. To this end, the transcripts of 17 gifted students of elementary science discussing SSIs in a classroom were analyzed within the framework of informal reasoning. The analysis framework was categorized into three types according to the primary influence involved in reasoning: rational, emotional, and intuitive. The analysis showed that students exhibited four categories of evidence use in SSI reasoning. First, in the rational reasoning category, students deemed and recorded scientific knowledge, numbers, and statistics as objective evidence. However, students who experienced difficulty in investigating such scientific data were less likely to have factored them in subsequent decisions. Second, in the emotional reasoning category, students’ solutions varied considerably depending on the perspective they empathized with and reasoned from. Differences in their views led to conflicting perspectives on SSIs and consequent disagreement. Third, in the intuitive reasoning category, students disagreed with the opinions of their peers but did not explain their positions precisely. Intuitive reasoning also created challenges as students avoided problem-solving in the discussion and did not critically examine their opinions. Fourth, a mixed category of reasoning emerged: intuition combined with rationality or emotion. When combined with emotion, intuitive reasoning was characterized by deep empathy arising from personal experience, and when combined with rationality, the result was only an impulsive reaction. These findings indicate that research on student understanding and faculty knowledge of SSIs discussed in classrooms should consider the difficulties in informal reasoning and decision-making. 이 연구는 초등 과학 영재가 보이는 추론 사례를 분석하여 SSI 추론 유형별 근거 활용의 특징과 의사결정의 어려움을 이해하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위하여 코로나19 관련 쓰레기 문제에 대한 SSI 수업에 참여한 초등 과학 영재 학생 17명의 발화 내용과 학습지를 비형식적 추론의 유형 분석틀로 분석하였으며, 추론의 근거에 따라 이성적 유형, 감정적 유형, 직관적 유형의 3가지로 구분하였다. 분석 결과, 학생들은SSI 추론의 근거 활용별로 다음의 특징을 보였다. 첫째, 이성적 유형에서 학생들은 과학적 지식과 수치⋅ 통계를 객관적 근거로 중요하게 여기고 기록하였다. 반면 객관적 근거를 기록하지 않은 학생들은 이후의의사결정에 소극적이었다. 둘째, 감정적 유형에서 학생들이 어느 관점에 공감하여 추론하느냐에 따라 제시한 해결책도 달랐다. 이는 학생들이 공감한 대상 외의 SSI에 관한 다양한 입장을 고려하지 못하는 어려움으로도 이어졌다. 셋째, 직관적 유형에서 학생들은 다른 모둠원이 제시한 의견에 반대하면서도 그 이유를 정확한 용어로 설명하지 않았다. 이는 학생들이 문제 해결을 하지 않거나 근거를 비판적으로 검토하지 않는 어려움으로도 이어졌다. 넷째, 두 가지 유형이 결합된 사례도 나타났다. 직관적 유형은 이성적, 감정적 유형에 앞서 나타났다. 직관적 유형은 감정적 유형과 결합되었을 때 개인의 경험과 공감을 바탕으로 감정 이입을 심화시켰으며, 이성적 유형과 결합되었을 때에는 즉각적인 반응으로 그쳤다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 논의를 통해 SSI 수업에서의 교수 지식 연구가 나아가야 할 방향을 비형식적 추론 유형별근거 활용의 특징과 의사결정의 어려움 관점에서 제언하였다.
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Review of Analytical and Empirical Estimations for Incident Blast Pressure
Aleem Ullah,Furqan Ahmad,장형운,김성욱,홍정욱 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.6
Recently, the blast load has become more recognized in the structural engineering field because the blast load can result in not only disproportionate structural failure but also tremendous casualties of lives and injuries. As an effort to overcome this problem, blast resistant analyses and designs have been developed, and the methodology would be incorporated into the conventional construction design. Analysis of structures exposed to blast load is the first step for the design, and it requires good understanding of blast phenomena and the following dynamic response of structures. This paper provides an up-to-date comprehensive review of the incident blast wave and its parameters for air and ground blasts. Considering the Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC 3-340-02) as a benchmark, a quantitative comparison between the empirical results presented by researchers and the result given in UFC charts is conducted for a span of scaled distances. We discuss the appropriate use of empirical or analytical equations for precise prediction of blast pressures, and recommend equations that match well the results presented in UFC.
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