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3.125Gbps Reference-less Clock and Data Recovery using 4X Oversampling
장형욱,강진구,Jang, Hyung-Wook,Kang, Jin-Ku Institute of Korean Electrical and Electronics Eng 2006 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.10 No.1
본 논문에서는 기준동작 클럭없이 데이터만으로 구현되는 반주기의 4x 오버샘플링 위상/주파수검출기를 이용한 클럭 데이터 복원회로에 대하여 서술하였다. 위상 및 주파수검출기는 4x 오버샘플링 기법을 이용하여 설계되었다. 위상검출기는 뱅뱅 제어방법에 의해, 주파수검출기는 로테이션방법에 의해 동작한다. 위상 및 주파수 검출기로부터 발생된 6개의 신호들은 전하펌프로 들어갈 전하량을 결정한다. VCO단은 4개의 차동 지연단으로 구성되고 8개의 클럭신호를 생성한다. 제안된 회로는 공급전압 1.8V, 0.18um MOCS 공정으로 설계 시뮬레이션되었다. 제안된 구조의 PD와 FD를 사용하여 25%의 넓은 트래킹 주파수 범위를 가진다. In this paper, a clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit for a serial link with a half rate 4x oversampling phase and frequency detector structure without a reference clock is described. The phase detector (PD) and frequency detector (FD)are designed by 4X oversampling method. The PD, which uses bang-bang method, finds the phase error by generating four up/down signal and the FD, which uses the rotational method, finds the frequency error by generating up/down signal made by the PD output. And the six signals of the PD and the FD control an amount of current that flows through the charge pump. The VCO composed of four differential buffer stages generates eight differential clocks. Proposed circuit is designed using the 0.18um CMOS technology and operating voltage is 1.8V. With a 4X oversampling PD and FD technique, tracking range of 24% at 3.125Gbps is achieved.
Bacillus subtilis Natto가 생산하는 Nattokinase의 항혈전 및 피브린 용해능 효능평가
이다령(Da-Lyung Lee),홍성유(Sung-Yu Hong),장양수(Yang-Su Jang),장형욱(Hyung-Wook Jang),맹창재(Chang-Jae Maeng),유철배(Chul-Bae Yoo),백대헌(Dae-Heoun Baek) 한국생물공학회 2012 KSBB Journal Vol.27 No.6
We previously reported that Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> showed high fibrinolytic activity and revealed antithrombotic effect in rat blood plasma based on its ability to suppress collagen-induced platelet aggregation. This research was carried out to verify the clot lysing activity and blood flow enhancing effects of Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> via monitoring and comparing the antithrombotic effects in rat artery between oral administration of Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> and maltodextrin. SD rats were fed with 1.11 mg/kg of Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> for 4 weeks. The effect on arterial thrombosis was then evaluated using an antithrombotic model after induction by FeCl₃. Detected fibrinolytic activity was proportional to the content of Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> and statistical extents of the antithrombotic activity was enhanced strongly twice rather than control group. The PT and the aPTT, however, showed only a small difference between two groups. The results suggest that Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> can effectively treat thromboembolism and enhance blood flow, and that Ultra nattokinase<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> can also prevent venous occlusion by aiding clot lysis.