Flower model traps reduced thrips infestations on a pepper crop in field

임언택,김은목,Bishwo P. Mainali 한국응용곤충학회 2013 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.16 No.2

A flower model trap developed by modifying an artificial yellow chrysanthemum flower was more attractive to flower thrips than commercial yellow sticky traps. Installation of these flower model traps (20 traps per 50 m2 plot) was reported to reduce seasonal populations of Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) (Thysanoptera:Thripidae) on strawberry flowers in greenhouses. In this study, we sought to determine if the installation of such flower model traps would reduce thrips populations in a pepper field. The traps were installed at the bottom of the plant canopy at varying densities (0, 5, 10, and 20 traps) in 20 plots (each 3×5 m2)using a completely randomized design. Thrips populations on pepper flowers were sampled from 1 to 29July in 2009. All thrips sampled on the flowers were identified as F. intonsa. A significant effect of treatment and sampling date was found from repeated-measure analysis of variance. The highest density (20 traps per 15 m2) of traps significantly reduced the female and male F. intonsa population compared to the control by 61and 49%, respectively. However, no difference in immature thrips numbers was found among the treatments. These results indicate that this flower model trap can be a useful tool for the management of flower thrips on field-grown peppers.

비용편익분석을 통한 카풀도입효과 분석 : 혁신도시 이전공공기관 중심으로

임언택,정호용,도명식 한국ITS학회 2018 한국ITS학회 학술대회 Vol.2018 No.04

드론과 모바일매핑시스템을 활용한 아스팔트포장의 균열상태 조사에 관한 연구

임언택,최승현,도명식,이종범 한국도로학회 2019 한국도로학회 학술대회 발표논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.03

무인항공기를 활용한 딥러닝 기반의 소나무재선충병 피해목 탐지에 관한 연구

임언택,도명식 한국ITS학회 2019 한국ITS학회 학술대회 Vol.2019 No.11

화학물질사고 피해영역 산출을 위한 드론맵핑 기반의 정규식생지수 활용방안 연구

임언택,정용한,김성삼,Lim, Eontaek,Jung, Yonghan,Kim, Seongsam 대한원격탐사학회 2022 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.38 No.6

The annual increase in chemical accidents is causing damage to life and the environment due to the spread and residual of substances. Environmental damage investigation is more difficult to determine the geographical scope and timing than human damage investigation. Considering the reality that there is a lack of professional investigation personnel, it is urgent to develop an efficient quantitative evaluation method. In order to improve this situation, this paper conducted a chemical accidents investigation using unmanned aerial vehicles(UAV) equipped with various sensors. The damaged area was calculated by Ortho-image and strength of agreement was calculated using the normalized difference vegetation index image. As a result, the Cohen's Kappa coefficient was 0.649 (threshold 0.7). However, there is a limitation in that analysis has been performed based on the pixel of the normalized difference vegetation index. Therefore, there is a need for a chemical accident investigation plan that overcomes the limitations.

알락수염노린재의 알 기생벌 Trissolcus nigripedius의 지역적 분포와 다른 콩 노린재류에 대한 기생

임언택,박경수,알리 마흐무드,정철의,Lim, Un-Taek,Park, Kyung-Soo,Mahmoud, Ali M.A.,Jung, Chul-Eui 한국응용곤충학회 2007 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.46 No.1

2005-2006년 알락수염노린재(Dolycoris baccarum)의 알 기생천적 조사에서 Trissolcus nigripedius가 안동, 밀양, 남해, 수원의 4지역에서 분포하고, 알락수염노린재의 주요 알 기생천적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 2005년 밀양과 안동에서 채집한 가로줄노린재와 톱다리개미허리노린재의 알이 T. nigripedius에 의해 기생되어 있음을 발견하고, 알락수염노린재 외 4종의 콩 노린재류에 대한 기생여부를 확인하기 위해 기주수용행동을 관찰하였다. T. nigripedius는 알락수염노린재, 가로줄노린재, 썩덩나무노린재의 알에 대해서만 3가지 기주수용행동(촉각으로 더듬기 (drumming), 산란관으로 찌르기[oviposition], 표지[marking]) 모두를 보여주었다. 가로줄노린재의 경우 24시간 동안 알을 공급한 후 기주 알에서의 기생벌 우화율이 75%이고, 공급한 기주 알에 대해 3가지 기주수용행동을 보인 비율에서는 원래 기주인 알락수염 노린재와 차이가 없었다. 그러나 썩덩나무노린재의 알에서는 52%에서만 표지행동을 관찰할 수 있었고, 기생벌은 우화하지 못하였다. 톱다리개미허리노린재나 풀색노린재의 알에서는 더듬기와 산란관으로 찌르기를 했지만 표지를 하지 않은 것으로 보아 산란 그 자체를 하지 않았으며 기생벌이 우화하지도 않았다. 하지만 톱다리개미허리노린재의 경우에는 알을 24시간 동안 기생벌에 노출시켰을 때 약 20%가 기생되었고 30%가 치사하였다. 따라서 알락수염노린재와 가로줄노린재의 생물적 방제뿐만 아니라 톱다리개미허리노린재의 밀도억제에도 유효한 천적이 될 것이다. From the surveys of 2005 and 2006 in Korea, Trissolicus nigripedius was found in four locations, i.e., Andong, Miryang, Namhae, and Suwon, and one of the major egg parasitoids of Dolycoris baccarum. T. nigripedius was also found to parasitize two other soybean bugs, Riptortus clavatus and Piezodous hybneri, from the field collection in 2005. Host acceptance behaviors of T. nigripedius consisting of drumming, oviposition, and marking were observed and compared on five species of soybean bugs. T. nigripedius showed the complete host acceptance behaviors on the eggs of D. baccarum, P. hybneri, and Halyomorpha halys. But T. nigripedius emerged only from the eggs of D. baccarum (96%) and P. hybneri (75%) after 24 hours of exposure. T. nigripedius did not mark on the eggs of R. clavatus and Nezara antennata during the observation of behavior, hence no egg deposition was made. However, T. nigripedius parasitized 20% and killed 30% of the eggs of R. clavatus when 24 hours were given for parasitization. T. nigripedius would be a potential biological control agent of D. baccarum and P. hybneri with ability of giving additional mortality on R. clavatus in soybean field.

Demonstration of interspecific competition between two sympatric egg parasitoids of Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius) in laboratory condition

임언택,Bishwo P. Mainali,김재근 한국응용곤충학회 2014 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.17 No.4

Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) acts as a facultative hyperparasitoid of Gryon japonicum(Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) sympatric parasitoid of Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius) (Hemiptera:Alydidae). A longer period of host egg exploitation by both parasitoid species would be beneficial forO. nezarae, while G. japonicum tends to be successful when the parasitoids have only a short exploitation period. We demonstrated the interspecific competition by measuring parasitism in nine combinations of host densities(10, 20, and 40 eggs) and exploitation times (1, 3, and 5 days). To reflect the gregarious-solitary dichotomyof thetwo species, three O. nezarae and one G. japonicum mated females were compared in addition to a one-to-onecompetition design. We found that O. nezarae was the better competitor when exploitation time was longerthan 1 day, irrespective of host density. Total parasitism rate and progeny emergence of O. nezarae were 1.6–2.8 and 4.7–7.3 times higher than for G. japonicum in three-to-one competition design, respectively. AlthoughG. japonicum females were more effective in host finding (as shown by their higher per capita rate of parasitismwhen exploitation time was short), their progeny suffered high mortality from the larval interspecific competitioninside multiparasitized host eggs. These results suggest that gregarious O. nezarae is the superior competitorwhen host eggs are available for longer period of timewhile solitary G. japonicumis superior when host resourcesare available for only a limited time.

Ecotoxicological effect of fenitrothion on Trissolcus nigripedius (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) an egg parasitoid of Dolycoris baccarum (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

임언택,Ali M.A. Mahmoud 한국응용곤충학회 2008 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.11 No.4

Trissolcus nigripedius Nakagawa (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) is an egg parasitoid of Dolycoris baccarum L. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a polyphagous insect pest of many crops. Application of chemical insecticides is the most common control method against stink bugs in soybean. As a part of studies to investigate the potential of T. nigripedius as a biocontrol agent of D. baccarum, we assessed ecotoxicological effects of fenitrothion on T. nigripedius. The acute toxicity of fenitrothion was compared with five pesticides by topical application, exposure to residue, and oral ingestion in field recommended rate. Fenitrothion, spinosad, and milbemectin caused 100% mortality within 24 h by topical application or exposure to residue. Fenitrothion was also highly toxic to T. nigripedius when ingested. T. nigripedius was less susceptible to thiamethoxam a neonicotinoid insecticide in topical application or exposure to residue than oral ingestion. Sublethal effects of fenitrothion on T. nigripedius were also assessed. Emergence rate was significantly reduced in the insecticide treatments at 4 and 6 days after the parasitization. The proportion of inviable eggs increased when fenitrothion was applied before the parasitization, but was not affected when it was applied after the parasitization. Since higher proportion of males emerged from the host eggs sprayed with the fenitrothion, the female parasitoid may be more susceptible to the insecticide. Furthermore, T. nigripedius progeny that emerged from host eggs exposed to fenitrothion parasitized fewer host eggs. Therefore, for the conservation of T. nigripedius as a biological control agent of D. baccarum, use of fenitrothion should be minimized. Trissolcus nigripedius Nakagawa (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) is an egg parasitoid of Dolycoris baccarum L. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), a polyphagous insect pest of many crops. Application of chemical insecticides is the most common control method against stink bugs in soybean. As a part of studies to investigate the potential of T. nigripedius as a biocontrol agent of D. baccarum, we assessed ecotoxicological effects of fenitrothion on T. nigripedius. The acute toxicity of fenitrothion was compared with five pesticides by topical application, exposure to residue, and oral ingestion in field recommended rate. Fenitrothion, spinosad, and milbemectin caused 100% mortality within 24 h by topical application or exposure to residue. Fenitrothion was also highly toxic to T. nigripedius when ingested. T. nigripedius was less susceptible to thiamethoxam a neonicotinoid insecticide in topical application or exposure to residue than oral ingestion. Sublethal effects of fenitrothion on T. nigripedius were also assessed. Emergence rate was significantly reduced in the insecticide treatments at 4 and 6 days after the parasitization. The proportion of inviable eggs increased when fenitrothion was applied before the parasitization, but was not affected when it was applied after the parasitization. Since higher proportion of males emerged from the host eggs sprayed with the fenitrothion, the female parasitoid may be more susceptible to the insecticide. Furthermore, T. nigripedius progeny that emerged from host eggs exposed to fenitrothion parasitized fewer host eggs. Therefore, for the conservation of T. nigripedius as a biological control agent of D. baccarum, use of fenitrothion should be minimized.

국내 톱다리개미허리노린재의 발생과 방제법

임언택,Lim, Un Taek 한국응용곤충학회 2013 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.52 No.4

농작물의 2차 해충이었던 노린재류가 최근 두류, 과수 및 유료작물의 가장 중요한 해충으로 등장하였다. 이들 중 가장 피해를 많이 주는 것은 톱다리개미허리노린재로 한국, 일본, 중국, 대만과 태국 등의 동남아시아 국가에 분포하고 있다. 기주식물로는 콩과 작물인 콩, 자운영, 헤어리베치, 붉은토끼풀 등과 단감, 유자와 같은 과수작물, 보리, 조, 기장, 수수와 같은 곡류작물이며, 이중 콩이 가장 적합한 먹이원이며 피해가 가장 크다. 콩의 착협기에 일어나는 노린재에 의한 섭식 피해가 수확량에 직접적인 영향을 주게 된다. 현재 노린재의 방제약제로는 다이아지논, 에토펜프록스수화제 등 17종이 등록되어 있으며 2-3회의 주기적인 방제를 실시하고 있다. 집합페로몬을 이용한 통발형 유인트랩은 주로 노린재 발생 모니터링에 이용되며 일부 방제를 위해 사용되고 있다. 집합페로몬은 동종의 암수 성충과 약충 모두를 유인하며, 성적인 기능보다는 먹이원 혹은 기주식물의 위치를 알려주는 기능을 한다. 또한 톱다리개미허리노린재의 집합페로몬은 천적 알기생벌인 노린재검정알벌과 노린재깡충좀벌에 의해 카이로몬으로 이용되기도 한다. 이를 이용한 불할성화된 노린재 알을 집합페로몬트랩에 같이 설치하여 노린재 유인뿐만 아니라 이들 기생벌의 기생률을 높이는 새로운 연구가 수행되었다. 또한, 노린재에 대한 저항성 작물을 이용할 수도 있는데, 협의 색과 길이가 저항성에 관여하는 형질로 보고되었다. 이외 작물의 정식시기의 변경 등을 통한 콩의 개화시기의 조절과 같은 경종적 방제도 응용될 수 있다. 효과적인 톱다리개미허리노린재의 관리를 위해서는 천적 등의 자연적 밀도감소 요인을 제공할 수 있는 작부체계를 개발함과 동시에 기존에 개발된 방제기술들을 종합적으로 투입하여야 할 것이다. Hemipteran bugs, which were previously considered as secondary pests, have currently become important pests of numerous crops. Among them, Riptortus pedestris (Fabricius) is a major species that occurs in Korea, Japan, China, and South Asian countries. Riptortus pedestris infests leguminous crops like soybean, vetches, and red clover; fruit trees like persimmon and yuju; and grains like barley, foxtail millet, broomcorn, and sorghum. Riptortus pedestris causes the greatest damage to soybean, as it is the most suitable host for the bug. Feeding damage during pod formation significantly reduces the yield of soybean. Currently, 17 insecticides, including diazinon and etofenprox, are registered for the control of hemipteran bugs in Korea, and growers apply insecticides two to three times on a regular basis. Aggregation pheromone traps are widely used as a monitoring tool and partial control measure. The aggregation pheromone of R. pedestris attracts conspecific adults and nymphs and is used for food exploitation rather than sexual attraction. In addition, the pheromone serves as a kairomone for egg parasitoids such as Gryon japonicum (Ashmead) and Ooencyrtus nezarae Ishii. As a new method of pest management, nonviable host eggs were included in the pheromone trap to catch R. pedestris and propagate parasitoids. As a part of cultural practices, resistant soybean varieties with specific color and size of pod and control of flowering time through the alteration of planting date can be used. For the effective management of R. pedestris in the near future, development of cultural practices that can support natural control factors and the use of multiple control tactics are needed.

M.A. Hoy, Agricultural Acarology: Introduction to Integrated Mite Management, CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton, Florida, 2011, ISBN: 978-1-4398-1751-3

임언택 한국응용곤충학회 2012 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.15 No.1