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이중효 전남사학회 2002 역사학연구 Vol.19 No.-
During Munjong's reign, many Sahaks(私學) were established by learned nobles. It can be said from the political point of view that those Sahaks were established as a means of restraining the reinforcement of royal authority. In other words, the learned nobles believed that they could consolidate their political bases if they drew Sahak students, with the same political ideas as theirs, into support for themselves. Yet a great number of applicants for Gwageo hoped to learn in Sahaks, and so there was a large decline in the functions of Gukjagam. The King could never overlook this situation, which would, he thought, cause not only the weakening of education of Confucianism supervised by the national academy, Gukjagam but also the strengthening of learned nobles's political influence. Munjong attempted to improve Gukjagam through actions such as its reorganization, testing Gukjagam students with Bongmibub(封彌法; a test method of awarding applicants's marks with their names covered), used in Yebusi, and prescribing a period of education for Gukjagam students. In the end, these efforts of his were directed to control the learned nobles based on Sahaks, but from the fact that an increasing number of Sahaks had been established throughout his reign, it can be predicted that those efforts of his were in vain.
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이중효 전남대학교호남문화연구소 1999 호남학 Vol.27 No.-
This article is to show that Jae Yu(齊諭) Jae Jang(齊長), and Sang Sa(上舍) in inscriptions on monuments in the Koryo times are related to the system of Tae Hak(太學) in the Song(宋) dynasty. The reason why Jae Yu and Jae Jang were made in Yuhakjae(儒學齊), one of Chil Jaes(七齊) in Kuk Hak is that the system in the Song was taken to educate Jae Sengs(齊生) systematically and efficiently. What The system of Sam Sa(三舍) was taken and Sang Sa Sengs(上舍生) among Kuk Hak Sengs(國學生) were elected was a step to relate directly Kuk Hak(國學) educations with Gwa Geo, in oder to give a chance of Gwa Geo for Sang Sa Sengs. What Yea Jong(睿宗) took the system of Tae Hak from Song was deeply related to the king's political intention to strengthen Kuk Hak reforms.
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이중효,홍성천 慶北大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2005 慶北大農學誌 Vol.23 No.-
This study was carried out in order to provide the basic information for the development of medicinal plants in Ulleung island, Korea. This area had very rich and diverse flora; 495 taxa with 105 familes, 231 genera, 418 species, 1 subspeies, 63 varieties and 13 forms. The 94 medicinal plants were distributed in Ulleung. They were composed of 10 endemic species, 22 rare species and 62 economic species respectively.
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이중효,서승희,홍성천 慶北大學校 農業科學技術硏究所 2005 慶北大農學誌 Vol.23 No.-
Vegetation composition and structure of forest community at Mt. Bislsan, Dalseung-Gun, Daegu in Korea, were studied using a qualitative with a quantitative approach and its vegetation types and various ecological characteristics such as the importance values, species diversity of the major component species analyzed. The forest vegetation were classified into 2 community group, 14 community, 6 group, and total of 18 vegetation units. Pinus densiflora distributed mainly from lower at the sea level, while Quercus mongolica tended to distributed upper altitude in Physiognomical vegetation, the species diversity values showed mostly 0.8 and Quercus dentata, Quercus serrata and Cornus controversa Community and so on highly showed to 1.0 and 1.1 According to the results of importance value analysis, the I.V. of pinus densiflora and Quercus mongolica highly showed in the tree and subtree layer, and Rhododendron mucronulatum and Lindera obtusiloba and so on highly showed in the shrub.
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이중효 순천대학교 남도문화연구소 2015 南道文化硏究 Vol.0 No.29
고려 팔관회에서 행해진 조하(朝賀)의식은 고려 왕실과 외국상인간 양자의 이해관계에 따라 진헌(進獻)과 교역품 인정이 고도로 세련된 의전으로 변환된 것이었다. 외국인조하의식이 상례화(常例化)되었던 것은, 동아시아 여러나라와 종족들 사이에 물자를 교역하고 사회문화적인 교류를 나눌 공식적인 기회가 마련된 것이었다. 고려 팔관회의 음악공연은 국내적으로는 개경은 물론 지방의 신하들과 함께 이를 관람함으로써 국왕의 권위를 과시하고 위계질서를 확인하기 위한 것이었다. 또한 주변국의음악연주를 통해서 고려와 여러 민족간 음악은 물론이고 연주자·악기 등 사회·문화적인교류까지도 충분히 짐작해볼 수 있었다. 특히, 구정(毬庭)의 공연 가운데 산대잡극(山臺 雜劇)에 송나라 등 주변국의 기예자(技藝者)가 참여하였던 것은 가무(歌舞)·잡희(雜戱) 의 교류뿐 아니라 해당 기예자들의 인적 교류까지도 짐작해볼 수 있었다. Joha (朝賀) conducted at Palkwanhoe in Goryeo was a highly sophisticated ceremony converted from the acceptance of offerings to the King and trade goods based on the mutual interest between the Goryeo royal family and foreign traders. A routine Joha ceremony conducted by foreigners at Goryeo Palkwanhoe was the official way for the trading of goods and socio-cultural exchanges with foreign countries and peoples in East Asia. The music performance held at Goryeo Palkwanhoe showed the King’s authority and confirmed the hierarchy between sovereigns and subjects. This was done by the King’s viewing the performance with subjects who were from Gaekyeong and local areas. The socio-cultural exchanges of Goryeo, neighboring countries and other peoples were evident during performances by musicians, their instruments as well as the music itself. Particularly in Sandaejabguk (山臺雜劇) held at Gujeong (毬庭), it was possible to recognize foreign performers accompanied by a trade delegation participating in Sandaejabguk at Palkwanhoe. This would be conducted by various performers from Song and other neighboring countries. There was a wide exchange of songs and dances and Japi (雜戱) human exchange of the performers between Goryeo and its neighboring countries.
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