비대격,비능격 중심 이탈리아어 자동사 학습 방법: 영어 비대격 비능격 학습에 관한 선행연구와 비교

이정현 ( Joung Hyoun Lee ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ) 한국이탈리아어문학회(구 한국이어이문학회) 2015 이탈리아어문학 Vol.0 No.46

The class of intransitive verbs is not homogeneous but composed of two subclasses called unergatives and unaccusatives(Burzio, 1986; Perlmutter, 1978; Cetineo, 1986; Van Valin, 1987). However, traditionally Italian intransitive verbs have been taught regardless their semantic distinctions and any mention of grammatical terms such as unaccusatives and unergatives even though there is a huge gap between them. This paper aims to explore the teaching of Italian intransitive verbs categorizing them into unaccusatives and unergatives, which is compared with researches on the teaching of English unaccusative and unergative verbs. For this purpose, first, the study shows various aspects of English vs. Italian unergatives and unaccusatives, and their properties of the constructions. Next, this study highlights the research trend on Korean students`` learning errors which is leaning toward causal analyses of the overpassivization of English unaccusative verbs. In order to investigate these issues, 53 students of the Busan University of Foreign Studies, who are studying Italian language as a second language, were surveyed through a grammaticality judgment test divided into 9 sections. As expected, the findings confirmed that the test results of Italian unaccusatives and unergatives showed different aspects comparing to those of English. Moreover, there was a highly affirmative demand for a more careful way of teaching which should be considered both syntactically and semantically according to the grammatical items. The research provides a framework of a more effective and systematic teaching method of Italian intransitive verbs for further research.

19세기 이탈리아 민족시인 카르두치; 반 기독교적, 고전주의적 관점 중심

이정현 ( Joung Hyoun Lee ) 한국이탈리아어문학회(구 한국이어이문학회) 2016 이탈리아어문학 Vol.0 No.47

오스트리아로부터 해방된 후 이탈리아 통일운동Risorgimento의 시기인 19세기는 이탈리아인들에게 있어 역사적으로 중요한 시기이며, 그한가운데 이탈리아 국민을 사랑하고 진정한 이탈리아의 해방을 찬양하며 민족의식을 고취시킨 위대한 민족시인 카르두치가 있다. 그의 애국심은 유수한 작품들에 녹아들어 이탈리아 국민들이 자유와 정의로 눈돌릴 수 있도록 이끌었다. 본 논문에서는 그의 작품들을 1) 고전주의적관점과 2) 반 기독교적 관점, 양방향으로 조망한다. 그리고 그의 문학작품에 나타난 이 두 관점은 결국 이탈리아인의 우수성을 일깨우고 진정한 독립을 향한 애국심을 고취시키기 위한 카르두치의 투사 방법이었음을 살펴본다. 본 논문에서는 첫 째, 통일을 위해 애국심이 요구되는 당시 이탈리아시대를 감안할 때, 적어도 카르두치의 관점에서는 다소 감상적일 수 있는 레오파르디와 같은 낭만주의자와 그와 다른 시각의 고전주의자 카르두치의 관점을 비교한다. 둘 째, Inno a Satana(1863) 와 Giambi edEpodi(1867-1879)와 같은 작품들을 통해 이탈리아 통일에 방해가 되는 로마 카톨릭 교회에 강하게 반발하는 반종교적 정신을 소고한다. 셋 째, Rime(1857), Rime nuove(1887), Odi barbare(1878-1889)와 같은 그의 후반 작품들을 통해 찬란했던 역사의 부활, 고대 로마의 영광과 그 정신으로 돌아가고자 하는 카르두치의 고전 정신을 살펴본다. 결론적으로, 카르두치는 해방 이탈리아를 염원하는 ‘애국주의자’의 입장에서 통일 정신을 저해하는 교회에 적대감을 드러낸 ‘반 카톨릭 정신’을 시로 표현하였다. 둘째, 그는 ‘민족주의자’로서 고대 로마의 정신을 이어받아 본래 이탈리아인이 가졌던 우수한 국민성을 상기시키려 하는 ‘고전 정신’을 보여주었다. 본 연구가는 이 논문에서 카르두치를 시자체가 가지는 미를 추구하는 예술가로서 의의를 두지 않았다. 그는 동시대에 어쩌면 사치일 지도 모르는 예술성이나 내적 감성을 추구했던 낭만주의에 반하였고, 오히려 반 기독교정신과 고전주의로 무장하여 민족주의와 애국심을 투사시켰으며 그 시대와 국민이 실질적으로 필요로하는 ‘유용한utile’ 시를 선택한 시인이었다고 고찰하는 데 이 연구의 의의가 있을 것이다.

영어와 이탈리아어 동족목적어 구문의 비교: 비대격, 비능격 중심으로 재구조화

이정현 ( Lee Joung Hyoun ),이상도 ( Lee Sang Do ) 한국이탈리아어문학회(구 한국이어이문학회) 2016 이탈리아어문학 Vol.0 No.49

In a sentence containing a Cognate Object, an intransitive verb typically takes a noun phrase that has the same significance or the same morphological root as an object(Sailer 2010, pp. 192). Additionally, the aspects of Italian Cognate Object Construction(COC) are fewer in number compared to the English COC. Moreover, in Italian unergative verbs can take overt-cognate objects, while in English both unergatives and unaccusatives can generally do so. This paper aims to reconstruct COCs based on various theoretical and empirical suppositions through a comparison between the meanings and forms of English and Italian COCs as follows. First, an unergative COC, whose subject`s theta-role is typically "Agent" or "Experiencer", is assumed to be a transitive construction with a concept of absolute transitivity. In English, however, the cognate object appears only in the form of the overt-NP, while in Italian, it is realized as a "null or overt-Cognate Object". Second, an unaccusative COC, whose subject`s theta-role is generally "Patient" or "Theme" is thematically supposed to be an intransitive construction containing its conceptual adjunct at the level of the Conceptual Structure(CS). This is realized as categorial transitivity in English, but intransitivity in Italian at the level of the Grammatical Function(GF).

번역의 전략과 포트폴리오; 영어와 이탈리아어 중심으로

이정현 ( Lee Joung Hyoun ),이상도 ( Lee Sang Do ) 한국이탈리아어문학회(구 한국이어이문학회) 2018 이탈리아어문학 Vol.0 No.53

Translation studies has developed dramatically since the opening of the twentieth century not only as an only branch of linguistics but an multidisciplinary study with many fields and very meaningful works. Therefore, the importance of capabilities of a translator is being emphasized. This paper deals with the concept of translation and with the theoretical and empirical issues related to it and discusses translation difficulties as well as some strategies available for their solution. Based on theses issues, I will provide a translation portfolio composed of different genres with different translation scenarios; 1) one letter of “Lettere dal Carcere”(Gramsci 1948) written in Italian and its target text translated in English, 2) the last scene of a novel, “Io non Ho Paura”(Ammaniti 2001) written in Italian and its target text translated in English, 3) summary of four scenes of an oral report of the film script, “Johnny Stecchino”(1991) in Italian and translation of the summary into English, and 4) published target texts of an extract from “La Divina Commedia”(1939): Canto I vv. 1-9 translated by some other translators.

도시림(都市林)의 이용자 특성에 관한 연구 : 대구 앞산자연공원을 중심으로 Case Study of Apsan natural park in Taegu

강건우,이정현 한국산림경제학회 1995 산림경제연구 Vol.3 No.1

This is a case study about users' characteristics of Apsan natural park in Taegu. The purpose of this study was examined users' characteristics which have significant effects on the degree of satisfactions on recreation. For this study, data were obtained from 443 users to on-site questionnaires at Apsan natural park, and this survey was conducted in June, 1993. The data were analyzed by Factor analysis in conjunction with Cluster analysis to evaluate user's characteristics of urban forest. Factor analysis was first performed each recreation activity satisfaction on 11 variables based on eigen values greater than 1.0 and percentage of variance explained. Two significant factors were revealed, which were individual activity recreation and social activity recreation factor. Factor scores for recreation activity satisfaction then were used as the inputs for Cluster analysis. Clustering method was used in the nearest sorting method as a distance measure. The result of clustering show three types of clusters which were ; 1) Outdoor recreation type, 2) Social recreation type, 3) Unsatisfied recreation type. Individual recreation factor scores for the outdoor recreation type were higher than that of social recreation factor scores. This type of user were most of middle -aged, the willingness to pay to Apsan natural park for the outdoor recreation type were higher than that of the other two types(4,131Won/person). Social recreation factor scores for the social recreation type were higher than that of individual recreation factor scores. Also the ratio of female members in the social recreation type was higher than the other two types. The willingness to pay to Apsan natural park for the social recreation type was 3,992Won/person. In order to improve this type`s accessibility to the park, it is necessary to rearrange the facilities like the public transportations, parking lots, nearby traffic network. Unsatisfied recreation type showed low factor scores on individual recreation and social recreation. Although this type was more educated, higher income-level, and younger than the other types, the willingness to pay to Apsan natural park was lower than that of the other two type(1,561 Won/person). This type of users participated in dynamic recreation activities rather than static recreation activities. It would be better off to improve the diverse recreation facilities such as mountaineering routes, hiking routes, and bicycling courses. The result of this study can be applied to the establishment of urban forest and will make contribution to provide more diverse recreation opportunities for the citizens of Taegu area.