압출-구형화 공정에 의한 공형과립제도의 제영향인자 검토 (제1보)

이강춘(Kang Choon Lee),민신홍(Shin Hong Min),이상희(Shang Hi Rhee),김용배(Yong Bae Kim),이철우(Chul Woo Lee) 대한약학회 1974 약학회지 Vol.18 No.4

Extrusion-spheronization processing combination was used to produce spherical granules with experimental formulations which contain microcrystalline cellulose as a diluent. The produced granules were compared on the basis of the following physical properties; (a) particle size distribution, (b) repose angle, (c) granule density, (d) bulk density, (e) porosity, (f) friability and (g) dissolution rate. With the specific experimental formulations used in this study, the increased plate rotational speeds of Marumerizer (400-1200rpm) produced continually more spherical material and also the obtained data indicated that the particle size distribution and dissolution rate depend upon the amount of microcrystalline cellulose used. As a result, the spherical granule preparation with microcrystalline cellulose has good properties in flow rate, packing property and friability and offers a suitable method of granule preparation in pharmaceutical industry.

정제의 제조설계에 관한 연구. 직타법에 의한 Prednisolone 정제의 제조에 있어서 무수유당 및 옥수수전분의 영향

권종원(Jong Won Kwon),민신홍(Shin Hong Min),이상희(Shang Hi Rhee),김용배(Yong Bae Kim) 대한약학회 1976 약학회지 Vol.20 No.2

Prednisolone tablet product design problem was structured as constrained optimization problem and subsequently solved by multiple regression analysis and Lagrangian method of optimization. Prednisolone was the drug chosen and anhydrous lactose and corn starch were the adjuvants. The effect of anhydrous lactose and corn starch concentrations on tablet hardness, volume, disintegration time and in vitro release rate was studied. The concentrations of anhydrous lactose and corn starch used in this experiment were 30~60 percent and 5~30 percent, respectively. A full second-order (quadratic) model with all possible two-factor interactions was employed. To obtain the values of anhydrous lactose and corn starch which minimize the in vitro release time (t60%) subject to the constraint on tablet hardness, disintegration time and volume, we solved the Lagrange function. Multiple correlation coefficients for the regression models were correlated at less than 0.05 level and it was found that the optimum concentrations of anhydrous lactose and corn starch were 45 percent and 21 percent, respectively.

Current Trends of Endocrine Disruption Chemicals (EDCs) in Human Health

이상희 한국생명과학회 1998 한국생명과학회 학술발표회 Vol.22 No.-

Recently we are to hear of the mass media discussing the issue of 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals' which has been worried and greatly concerned by the whole nation. The endocrine disruptor, named 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals', which were unfamiliar words before such reports, come to be a worldwide matter of interest as a new environmental issue. The endocrine disruptor, such as dioxin, PCB, DDT and so on, are those threatening the self-preservation of living things or the existence of their species. The environmental pollution caused by such substances will be affected seriously. However, the world itself is short of studies on distribution of endocrine disruptor in our environment while the nation itself does not clearly know the mechanism related to hormone diseases and their meaning up to now. The nation was shocked for a while by the issue of endocrine disruptor in focus of reports in a scientifically undetermined state how 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals' are created and how they affect the reproducing organs especially. In reporting the 'issue of Endocrine Disruption Chemicals', we know, fragmentary things were exaggerated and its focus aimed mainly at their external appearances, not at the concrete results about endocrine disruptor in question. In fact people's confusion is proliferating as different viewpoints are exposed individually to consumers, producers and administrators, for example, relevant manufacturers insist that their products are safe while they suffer from losses in a whirlpool of 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals' There is no certain causal relationship whether 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals' will cause hazard to mankind. Evidences about hormonal disorders are made clear resulting mostly from animal experiments or wildlife studies. It is not easy to clarify what effects environmental pollution including endocrine disruptor would have on human bodies. It is because many different results come out from different cases according to experiment conditions and methods up to each scientist. Controversy will always happen. Many countries are active in research on endocrine disruptor. Even such considerably developed countries as USA, EU and Japan, are in the primary researching step where studies could not examine into their characters yet. Accordingly, no concrete controls are made over 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals' yet. Even the Federal Environmental Protection Office has only some common sense prevention and safety rules. However, it prepares for the work examining into the substances and for the countermeasures such as prevention and so on. The American government, centered around the Environmental Protection Office, is known to have organized a special advisory committee since 1995 and established a comprehensive strategy plan. And the Environment Office of Japan is known to start a joint study with relevant departments and to prepare for guidelines on a scientific basis in order to not diffuse dangerous substances in the environment. In such countries as British Kingdom, Denmark and Switzerland in Europe, various policies and control devises are researched, developed and carried out to ban producing 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals'. In such international organizations as OECD, UN, etc., it is conferred for members to control and organize a system to coordinate a joint research, study improving measures, set up testing guidelines or estimating methods about endocrine disruptor, and so on. Meanwhile, the Korean government makes up a 'countermeasure council' of environmental specialists and of related organs such as Environment Ministry, Labor Ministry and Korea Food and Drug Administration in order to administrate endocrine disruptor effectively and to establish long-term and short-term countermeasures. It sets up an affiliated 'special research council' in order to establish and execute minute research plans such as a fact-finding, harmfulness estimation and drawing up experiment methods. In addition, it establishes long-term and short-term strategies for 1999 to 2004, confers with Japan on how to research endocrine disruptor, observes closely the tendency of developed countries with advanced researches and plans such necessary measures as fixing a standard of remnants in case they will be clarified as endocrine disruptor. What is the most important in examining into the issue 'Endocrine Disruption Chemicals' will analyze the substances that is doubted to be endocrine disruptor. It will also be very important to analyze the substances and examine into their effects on human bodies in order to develop related industries and to remove consumers from the uncertainty. It depends upon the countermeasure whether endocrine disruptor, by-products created by the industrial structure of mass production and mass investment, can be so disastrous as to exterminate the human race. Thus it is necessary urgently to access the problem synthetically and systematically on a hand and to solve the uneasiness of the people by offering accurate information on the other hand.

압출 구형화공정에 의한 구형과립제조의 제영향인자 검토 [ 제2보 ] : 지속성구형과립제조 Preparation of Sustained Release Matrix - Spherical Particle

민신홍,이상희,이강춘,김용배 한국약제학회 1975 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.5 No.1

Extrusion-Spheronization Processing (ESP) was applied to preparate sustained release spherical particles as a form of matrix spherical particle (MSP). dl-methylephedrine HCI (ME) was the drug chosen and several dissolution retardants and binders were selected to estimate a relatively good formulation on this purpose. The effect of physicochemical nature, concentration, and solvents of these dissolution retardants and binders on regularity in shape of MSP and in vitro release rate was investigated. The effect of particle size of matrix particles was also evaluated. It is, therefore, concluded that this ESP would be a relatively good preparation method of sustained release MSP of ME which has the sustained action of about 5 and 8 hours by formulating of ethylcellulose and ethylcellulose-paraffin as a dissolution retardant, respectively, and then ethylcellulose solution of 80% EtOH is recommended as a binder.

Acrylic - methacrylic Ester 공중합체 필름의 약물 지속방출효과에 관한 연구

민신홍,김용배,이상희,김근혁,권종원 한국약제학회 1980 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.10 No.2

Spherical granules obtained by extrusion-spheronization processing were used to prepare sustained release spherical granules by pan coating method. Acrylic-methacrylic ester copolymer and mixtures of ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate phthalate and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose were utilized for prolongation of drug release from spherical granules containing acetaminophen as a model drug. In vitro release rate of sustained release spherical granules was investigated by varying the quantity of release retardants applied. Dissolution studies revealed that sustained release spherical granules coated with acrylic-methacrylic ester copolymer showed more protracted release than those granules coated with ethylcellulose mixtures.

Filter aid 류에 의한 약제의 흡수에 관한 연구

민신홍,김용배,현영우,이상희 한국약제학회 1973 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.3 No.4

緩衝液에서의 caffeine, niacinamide, pyridoxine hydrochloride, thiamine hydrochloride의 濾過助劑에 依한 吸着현상을 比較檢討하였다. 實驗에 使用한 vitamin類의 吸着은 Langmvir 吸着式의 pattern에 따랐으며 caffeine은 거의 吸着되지 않았다. 濾過助劑中 Dawsonite는 Celite 545 보다 큰 吸着현상을 나타냈으며 pH 變化에 따른 影響은 niacinamide가 가장 예민하였고 pH의 增加는 吸着量을 현저히 감소시켰다.