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강훈철 ( H. C. Kang ),이승호 ( S. H. Lee ),김남수 ( N. S. Kim ),이경종 ( K. J. Lee ) 한국열처리공학회 2003 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.16 No.1
N/A In Nb, V and Ti added steels, carbo-nitrides are formed due to their strong interaction with C and N. The formation of carbo-nitrides has an important role to control the microstructure as well as mechanical properties by grain size refinement and precipitation hardening. However, the quantitative analysis of distribution of precipitates and the effect of precipitates on the phase transformation and mechanical properties are still far from satisfactory. In this study, the quantitative analysis of precipitates in austenite was investigated using the fact that the formation of precipitates in Nb, V and Ti added steels accelerates austenite/ferrite transformation. The formation of precipitates was controlled by adjusting holding temperature and time in austenite region. transformed Volume fractions were measured by dilatometer during slow cooling. Iso-precipitation kinetics were determined by comparing 5% and 50% volumes transformed at various conditions respectively. The result was compared with the calculated.
비육돈 사료의 고추냉이 첨가수준별 분뇨의 악취물질 농도 변화
이강훈,황옥화,박규현,양승학,송준익,전중환,이준엽,오상집,성하균,최동윤,조성백,Lee, K.H.,Hwang, O.H.,Park, K.H.,Yang, S.H.,Song, J.I.,Jeon, J.H.,Lee, J.Y.,Ohh, S.J.,Sung, H.G.,Choi, D.Y.,Cho, S.B. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.suppl.
서양고추냉이를 비육돈에 급여하여 분뇨에서 발생되는 악취물질의 농도변화를 조사하였다. 1. 서양고추냉이 분말을 사료에 혼합하여 돼지에 급여한 후 분뇨의 단쇄지방산 농도를 측정한 결과, 사료에 고추냉이를 0.02% 혼합했을 때 아세트산, 프로피온산, 부티르산, 이소부티르산, 이소발레르산, SCFA 및 I-SCFA 농도가 가장 높았다(p<0.05). 2. 페놀과 p-크레졸을 합한 페놀류 농도는 고추냉이를 0.01~0.02% 첨가하였을 때 대조구보다 감소하였다(p<0.05). 인돌과 스카톨을 합한 인돌류 농도는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.03% 첨가하였을 때 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). 3. 따라서 분뇨의 페놀류 농도를 줄이기 위해서는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.02% 이하로 첨가하고, 인돌류 농도를 줄이기 위해서는 사료에 고추냉이를 0.03% 정도 첨가하여야 할 것으로 판단된다. This study was performed to test the effect of horseradish powder in fattening pig diet on odorous compound concentration from manure. Twenty fattening boars [Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] weighing an average body weight of $68.4{\pm}4.95}$ kg were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments (horseradish level in diets: 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03%) based on their body weight. This experiment was a randomized complete block (RCB) design using 5 pigs per treatment with 1 pig per metabolizable cage. Pigs were fed experimental diet (amount proportional to 3% of their body weight) twice a day (09:00 and 16:00) for 7 d after having 14 d adaptation period. Experimental diets were mixed with water by 1:2.5 v/v. Concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was highest (p<0.05) when pigs fed diet with 0.02% horseradish powder. Level of phenol compounds including phenol and p-cresol were decreased (p<0.05) in 0.01~0.02% horseradish treatment group compared with control group. Concentration of indoles including indole and skatole was lowest (p<0.05) in 0.03% horseradish treatment group compare to others. Therefore, results from our current study suggest that the optimal levels of horseradish powder in diet for reducing phenol and indole compounds in pig manure were 0.02 and 0.03%, respectively.
모형 슬러리 돈사 활용한 분뇨의 저장기간별 악취물질 농도 조사
이강훈,조성백,박규현,양승학,이준엽,오상집,김인호,최동윤,유용희,황옥화,Lee, K.H.,Cho, S.B.,Park, K.H.,Yang, S.H.,Lee, J.Y.,Ohh, S.J.,Kim, I.H.,Choi, D.Y.,Yoo, Y.H.,Hwang, O.H. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.suppl.
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of storage time of manure on the concentration of odorous compounds. Levels of odorous compounds were measured from manure incubated in $20^{\circ}C$ for 6 wk in pilot chamber whose structure is similar to slurry pit. Levels of short chain fatty acids were decreased (p<0.05) by 4,159, 1,925, 844, and 483 ppm as storage time increased as 0, 2, 4, and 6wk, respectively. Transfatty acid level was not changed for 2wk but decreased (p<0.05) afterwards (levels were 250, 248, 151, and 61 ppm at 0, 2, 4, 6wk, respectively). Levels of phenol compounds were decreased (p<0.05) by 68, 48, 26, and 9 as storage time increased as 0, 2, 4, 6wk, respectively. Phenol concentration was increased whereas p-cresol level was decreased as storage time increased showing ratios of phenol and p-cresol were 6:94, 34:66, 51:49, and 67:33 at 0, 2, 4, and 6wk, respectively. Concentration of indole compounds was not different for 2wk but increased (p<0.05) after 4wk. The ratios of indole and skatole were 71:29, 42:58, 28:72, and 36:64 at 0, 2, 4, and 6wk, respectively. Skatole concentration was increased as storage time increased. Therefore, our current results indicate that levels of volatile fatty acid and phenol compounds were deceased but indole compounds were increased as manure storage time was increased. 본 연구는 돈사 슬러리 피트와 유사한 형태의 모형의 아크릴 반응조에서 분뇨를 6주간 배양하면서 2주 간격으로 악취물질의 농도를 측정하기 위해 수행되었다. 1. 분뇨를 6주간 저장하는 동안 2주 간격으로 단쇄지방산의 농도를 측정하였을 때 시간이 경과함에 따라 뚜렷하게 감소하였으며(p<0.05), 이성체지방산의 농도는 저장 4주 이후 크게 감소되었다(p<0.05). 2. 분뇨 저장기간별 페놀류 농도는 0, 2, 4, 6주에 각각 68.27, 47.69, 26.08, 8.84 ppm으로 시간 경과와 함께 크게 감소되었다(p<0.05). 3. 그러나 분뇨를 6주간 저장하는 동안 인돌류 농도는 저장 4주부터 증가되었다(p<0.05).
고추냉이와 버섯폐배지 첨가 비육돈사료가 슬러리의 악취물질 농도에 미치는 영향
이강훈,황옥화,양승학,박규현,이준엽,전병순,오상집,이상석,유용희,조성백,Lee, K.H.,Hwang, O.H.,Yang, S.H.,Park, K.H.,Lee, J.Y.,Jeun, B.S.,Ohh, S.J.,Lee, S.S.,Yoo, Y.H.,Cho, S.B. 한국축산환경학회 2012 축산시설환경학회지 Vol.18 No.suppl.
본 연구는 사료에 서양고추냉이 분말 0.03%, 팽이버섯폐배지 0.5% 및 서양고추냉이 분말 0.03%와 팽이버섯폐배지 0.5%의 혼합제를 사료에 각각 첨가한 후 비육돈에 급여하여 분뇨에서 발생되는 악취물질의 농도변화를 조사하였다. 1. 분뇨의 단쇄지방산 농도를 측정한 결과 초산, 프로피온산, 부티르산 및 이성체지방산의 농도는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 2. 분뇨의 페놀, p-크레졸 및 이들을 합한 페놀류 농도는 처리구간에 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 그러나 인돌 농도는 고추냉이 처리구에서 낮았으며(p<0.05), 스카톨 농도는 대조구와 고추냉이구에서 가장 높았고, 고추냉이와 버섯폐배지의 혼합구에서 가장 낮았으며, 버섯폐배지구는 중간이었다(p<0.05). 인돌류 농도는 고추냉이와 버섯폐배지의 혼합구에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.05). This study was to performed to investigate the effect of horseradish powder and mushroom waste in fattening pig diet on odorous compound concentration from slurry. Twenty fattening boars [Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] weighing an average body weight of $78.4{\pm}8.88$ kg were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatments (control, horseradish 0.03%, mushroom waste 0.5%, and combination; horseradish 0.03% + mushroom waste 0.5%). This experiment was a randomized complete block (RCB) design using 5 pigs per treatment with 1 pig per metabolizable cage. Pigs were fed experimental diet (amount proportional to 3% of their body weight) twice a day (09:00 and 16:00) for 7 d after having 14 d adaptation period. Experimental diets were mixed with water by 1:2.5 v/v. Odorous compounds in slurry including acetate, propionate, butyrate, trans fatty acid isomers were not different (P>0.05) among treatments. There was no difference (P>0.05) in the levels of phenol compounds including phenol and p-cresol in slurry among treatments. Concentration of indole was lower (P<0.05) in horseradish group compared with others. Skatole level was highest in control and horseradish group, middle in mushroom waste group, and lowest in combination group (P<0.05). Concentration of indole compounds was lowest (P<0.05) in combination group. Data from our current study suggest that indole compounds in slurry can be reduced by administrating pigs with 0.03% horseradish powder and 0.5% mushroom waste in their diet.
고강훈(K.H.Ko),라병훈(B.H.Ra),권순걸(S.K.Kwon),구헌희(H.H.Gu),이현우(H.W.Lee) 전력전자학회 1998 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
This paper is presented the Partial Resonant Soft Switching Mode Power Converter which is adapted the power converter having the partial resonant soft switching mode, that makes switches operate when the resonant current or voltage becomes zero by making the resonant circuit partially at turing on and off of the switches with suitable layout of the resonant elements and switch elements in the converter. Also, this paper includes the analysis and simulation of the Partial Resonant type Buck-Boost Chopper.<br/>
이민기(M.K-Lee),고강훈(K.H-Koh),서기영(K.Y-Suh),권순걸(S.K-Kwon),임근희(G.H-Rim),이현우(H.W-Lee) 전력전자학회 2000 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2000 No.11
Magnetic flux saturation depend on phase of Initial input power to high voltage transformer used in Micro wave oven.<br/> To limit inrush current high voltage transformer the relay contact should be "on" when the lowest point of input voltage phase.<br/> The improved circuit is for compensate interrupt signal Micom mput so the relay contact can be "on" when the inrush current is lower.<br/> Test result adapted said improved circuit for input voltage variation mode comply the limit 50A of requirement.
태양광 발전시스템의 부분그늘 보상을 위한 알고리즘에 관한 연구
고강훈(K.H.Koh),이현우(H.W.Lee),서기영(K.Y.Suh),고희석(H.S.Koh),문성찬(S.C.Moon) 전력전자학회 2003 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2003 No.11
In this paper, compare and analyze existent MPPT algorithms Existent algorithms have defects which don't generate it in a partial shade or low insolation. Therefore, to supplement it, we design improved IncCond algorithm consisted of a Aux. switch and capacitor with Generation Control circuit which can always obtain maximum generation power at the factor which is reduced generational efficiency by<br/> partial shade. Generation Control circuit is<br/> method which can always get maximum output power as it regularly controls each voltage of serial connected solar cell. Accordingly, it can improve efficiency and confidence of utility interaction inverter.<br/> Construction of system use a low price PIC16F87X. We analyze special character according to system operation through simulation and prove the validity through experiments.
승강압초퍼와 부분공진 인버터를 이용한 계통연계형 태양광 발전시스템
고강훈(K.H.Koh),이현우(H.W.Lee),김영철(Y.C.Kim),정명웅(M.W.-Jung),홍두성(D.S.Hong) 전력전자학회 1999 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.1999 No.7
In a utility interactive photovoltaic system, a PWM inverter is used for the connection between the photovoltaic arrays and the utility The DC current becomes pulsated when the conventional inverter system operates in the continuous current mode and DC current pulsation causes the distortion of the AC current waveform. This paper presents the reduced pulsation of DC input current by operating the inverter with buck-boost chopper in the discontinuous conduction mode. The DC<br/> current which contains harmonics component is analyzed by means of separating into two terms of a ripple component and a direct component. The constant DC current without pulsation is supplied from photovoltaic array to the inverter. The proposes inverter system provide a sinusoidal AC current for domestic loads and the utility lme with unity power factor.