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울산광역시 일개 초등학교 소아들의 알레르기 및 아토피질환의 유병률
윤재국 ( Jae Kook Yoon ),심창선 ( Chang Sun Sim ),최승원 ( Seung Won Choi ),오인보 ( In Bo Oh ),이지호 ( Ji Ho Lee ),김양호 ( Yang Ho Kim ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.31 No.2
Background: Ulsan is the most industrialized city in Korea. Although many investigations as to which factors are related to allergy and atopy have been performed so far, these factors are still uncertain. Studies of industrialized environment can help to understand an atopic disorder. Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of allergic and atopic disorders in an industrial city, Ulsan and to estimate the proportion of ``real`` atopyto so-called ``allergy and atopy``. Also, we examined the validity of some items of blood tests, such as serum total IgE levels and eosinophil counts for the diagnosis of the atopic disorder. Method: We conducted the questionnaire survey based on the ISAAC protocol along with demographic variables at an elementary school in the central area of Ulsan. The questionnaires were completed by patients of 1,323 children, of whom 570 participated in skin prick test and blood test. Atopic disorder was defined as the presence of allergic symptoms and the presence of sensitization to any allergens by skin prick test. Result: The lifetime prevalence of atopic wheeze was 8.8%and the proportion of atopy of asthma was 60.4%. The lifetime symptom prevalence of ``real`` atopic dermatitis (atopiceczema) was 16.1% and the proportion of atopy of atopic dermatitis was 49.4%. The prevalence of ``real`` allergic rhinitis (atopic rhinitis) was 28.0% and the proportion of atopy of allergic rhinitis was 51.8%. The prevalence of overall atopic disorder was 37.0%, and the proportion of atopy of overall allergic disorder was 51.4%. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of serum total IgE for the diagnosis of the atopic disorder was 0.770. Also, we observed the selective bias from the differences in prevalence between groups of complete participants and incomplete participants. Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma was similar to those of other regions in Korea. However, atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis were more prevalent than other regions. About half of so-called allergic disorders may be an atopic disorder. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;31:105-115)
쌀밥으로 제조된 활성탄을 사용하는 전기이중층형 슈퍼커패시터 전극의 전기화학적 특성
조운,김용일,윤재국,유정준,윤하나,김성수,김종휘,Jo, Un,Kim, Yong-Il,Yoon, Jae-Kook,Yoo, Jung-Joon,Yoon, Ha-Na,Kim, Sung-Soo,Kim, Jong-Huy 한국전기화학회 2013 한국전기화학회지 Vol.16 No.3
쌀밥을 출발물질로 활용하고 수열합성법과 화학적 활성화를 위한 KOH용액 진공함침 등의 방법으로 제조된 활성탄의 전기이중층 초고용량 커패시터의 전극에 대한 전기화학적 전극특성을 확인 하였다. 제조된 활성탄의 물성을 SEM, EDS, XRD, TG, 비표면적, 기공크기 분포 등의 분석을 통해 조사하였다. 또한, 슈퍼커패시터의 전극에 대한 순환전류 측정과 교류 임피던스 측정 실험을 통해 전기화학적 특성을 확인하였다. 수열합성법을 통하여 직경 $5{\sim}7{\mu}m$ 인 구형의 탄소 입자를 얻었으며 활성화 온도 $800^{\circ}C$로 제조된 활성탄은 비표면적이 $1631.8cm^2/g$, 기공크기 분포가 0.9~2.1 nm에 집중적으로 분포하였으며, 마이크로 기공체적이 $0.6154cm^3/g$ 임을 알 수 있었다. 이 활성탄을 사용하여 제작된 전극은 6M KOH 전해액에서 비용량 236 F/g(@5 mV/s), 194 F/g(@100 mV/s), 137 F/g(@500 mV/s)의 우수한 특성을 나타내었다. 충방전 싸이클 수명시험 결과, 200 mV/s의 주사속도에서 100,000회 충방전 시험 후에도 초기용량 대비 91.2%의 용량을 유지함을 확인하였다. From the cooked-rice as a raw material, activated carbons throughout a hydrothermal synthesis and vacuum soak of KOH for chemical activation were obtained. Activated carbon electrodes for electric double layer supercapacitors were prepared and electrochemical characteristics were examined. Including the specific surface area by BET method and pore size distribution by NLDFT method, physical properties of activated carbons were investigated by means of SEM, EDS, XRD, and TG analyses. Cycle voltammetry and AC-impedance measurements were conducted to confirm the electrochemical characteristics for the electrodes. From hydrothermal synthesis, $5{\sim}7{\mu}m$ diameters of spherical carbons were obtained. After the activation at $800^{\circ}C$, it was notable for the activated carbon to be the specific surface $1631.8cm^2/g$, pore size distribution in 0.9~2.1 nm, and micro-pore volume $0.6154cm^3/g$. As electrochemical characteristics of the activated carbon electrode in 6M KOH electrolyte, it was confirmed that the specific capacitances of 236, 194, and 137 F/g at the scan rate of 5, 100, and 500 mV/s respectively were exhibited and 91.2% of initial capacitance after 100,000 cycles at 200 mV/s was maintained.