리기다소나무와 리기테다소나무 묘목의 (苗木) 광합성능력과 순동화율 (純同化率) 비교 연구

윤양,이돈구,심상영 ( Yang Youn,Don Koo Lee,Sang Yung Shim ) 한국산림과학회 1984 한국산림과학회지 Vol.63 No.1

Photosynthetic ability and net assimilation rate were compared between two-year-old seedlings of Pinus rigida and of Pinus rigida × P. taeda F₁ to examine whether growth potential could be predicted at young stages. Six families per each species used in this study were grown at the nursery of the Institute of Forest Genetics in Suweon. Photosynthesis and net assimilation rate showed seasonal and genetic variations among the families. Photosynthetic ability of most of the families except for three families of Pinus rigida decreased with increasing ages, while net assimilation rate of all the families decreased with increasing ages. The rank of photosynthetic ability and net assimilation rate among the families varied during the experimental period. Thus, growth potential was better predicted from total photosynthetic ability and total net assimilation rate rather titan from photosynthetic ability and net assimilation rate at a certain period. Total photosynthetic ability and total net assimilation rate were correlated with total dry weight. Correlation coefficients were 0.6394 and 0.7998, respectively. Thus, growth potential of the two species could be predicted by the measurement of total photosynthetic ability and total net assimilation rate. Family K.G. No. 13×7-107 from Pinus rigida × P. taeda F₁ and family K.G. No. 1 from Pinus rigida were the best in total photosynthetic ability and total net assimilation rate within species.

전북지역에서의 미국 남부소나무류 종간 (種間) 교잡종의 생장

윤양,전계상,박문한 ( Yang Youn,Gae Sang Jhun,Moon Han Park ) 한국산림과학회 1984 한국산림과학회지 Vol.64 No.1

Hybrids among some southern pines, Pinus rigida, Pinus taeda and Pinus serotina, were tested in Chunbuk area in order to investigate their adaptability to Korean climate and soils. The results were summarized as follows; 1) Hybrids between P. rigida and P. raeda showed good growth among interspecific hybrids of southern pines tested. In particular, P. taeda×P. rigida showed remarkable growth in Chunbuk area. 2) The survival rate of P. taeda was extremely low, probably because of cold susceptibility. 3) Volume growth was correlated with width and length of cone, length of needle and needle sheath at the 1% level. 4) Hybrids were generally located between the parents in cluster analysis.

피나무 성숙목의 (成熟木) 액아배양에 (腋芽培養) 의한 유식물체 (幼植物體) 재생과 조직배양능력에 있어서의 클론간 변이

윤양(Yang Youn),대정희팔랑(Kihachiro Ohba) 한국산림과학회 1990 한국산림과학회지 Vol.79 No.2

The axillary buds of 15-year-old Tilia amurensis were cultured on Saito and Ide (IS), Murashige and Skoog (MS) media and woody plant medium (R`PM) to establish an effective micropropagation method. Five levels of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) were tested. On IS medium and WPM addition of 1.0㎎/ℓ BAP enhanced shoot development and shoot elongation, whereas addition of 0.5㎎/ℓ BAP was effective on MS medium. A better results were obtained from V`PM with 1.0㎎/ℓ BAP and MS with 0.1㎎/ℓ BAP. Developed shoots were subcultured on each basal media but with 0.2㎎/ℓ BAP, Multiple shoots were almost doubled in a month. Root formation could be enhanced at higher concentration of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Better rooting rate (83.3%) was achieved on a half-strength MS medium with 3.0 ㎎/ℓ IBA. Regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to soil. To investigate the clonal variation in shoot development and shoot elongation by axillary bud culturing, seven plus tree clones were tested, Clonal variation in tissue culturability among plus trees was recognized by the Duncan`s multiple range test at the 5% level. Kang Won No. 12 showed the best response on WPM with 1.0㎎/ℓ BAP.

상수리나무 유목과 성숙목의 기내번식

문흥규,윤양,이재선 ( Heung Kyu Moon,Yang Youn,Jae Seon Yi ) 한국산림과학회 1997 한국산림과학회지 Vol.86 No.3

Present study describes a method on the application of efficient tissue culture systems for the micro-propagation of juvenile and mature sawtooth oak(Quercus acutissima). Nodal segments with axillary buds were used as initial explant sources. WPM(Woody Plant Medium) was the best in growth and proliferation of shoot among the media tested. Although the single effect of zeatin revealed on two dorminant shoot elongation with normal growth until the elevation of levels up to 3.0㎎/ℓ, BAP(N^6-benzyl amino purine) usually showed better response than zeatin on shoot multiplication and/or elongation. In addition, the incorporation of BAP and zeatin onto the culture media represents more effectiveness in shoot proliferation and its growth. Optimum concentrations of BAP and zeatin were 0.5 and 0.05-1.0㎎/ℓ, respectively. Ninety percent of the proliferated shoots was rooted on half-strength GD (Gresshoff and Doy, 1972) medium containing 0.5㎎/ℓ IBA(indole butyric acid) in 4 weeks after culture. Mores than 70% of the rooted plantlets survived after 5 months of transplanting into artificial soil mix containing equal amount of peatmoss and perlite. Among 27 plus tree clones which were grafted twice onto the juvenile rootstocks, only 4 clones revealed the possibility for shoot multiplication through tissue culture system. The capacity for the micropropagation using mature explant sources was highly depended on clonal differences compared with those of octet age. More than 90% of rooting ratio was obtained from the best responding clone. Among the 7 rooting media tested, GD medium was the best far rooting. The most effective rooting was obtained on half-strength GD medium containing 0.2 to 2.0㎎/ℓ IBA. More than 60% of rooted plantlets survived after 5 months of transplanting into the artificial soil mix.

10년생 두릅나무의 동아를 이용한 체세포배 발생 , 식물체 재생 및 단지 이식

문흥규,윤양,이재선 ( Heung Kyu Moon,Yang Youn,Jae Seon Yi ) 한국산림과학회 1998 한국산림과학회지 Vol.87 No.1

Somatic embryo induction, plant regeneration, and field establishment were investigated from tissue cultured winter buds of a 10-year-old tree Aralia elata. Embryogenic calli were obtained from cultures of winter buds on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D. A number of somatic embryos were regenerated from the calli on an embryo induction medium supplemented with 2,4-D and BA. Although abnormal somatic embryos were frequently observed, most of the embryos formed were morphologically normal. All somatic embryos at the later stage of maturity germinated successfully, but only 14% of them could be developed into plantlets on MS basal medium. The plants regenerated from the somatic embryos survived well in the field (survival rates : more than 95%) and have grown normally for three years after transplanting.

소나무 자엽을 (子葉) 이용한 원형질체 나출 (裸出) 및 배양

이경준,이재순,윤양,이석구 ( Kyung Joon Lee,Jae Soon Lee,Yang Youn,Suk Koo Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1985 한국산림과학회지 Vol.71 No.1

Protoplasts were isolated from cotyledons of germinating Pinus densiflora S. et Z. seeds. The seeds were germinated for nine days, and excised embryonic cotyledons about 3-4㎜ long were incubated with Cellulase Onozuka R-10 and Macerozyme. After 8 hours of incubation, large number of viable protoplasts were isolated. Isolated protoplasts were cultured in a medium containing basal salts of BS medium, vitamines, amino acids, organic acid, sugars, and growth hormones. The first; evidence of protoplast budding was observed after twelve hours in culture, and it suggested that high potential of the embryonic cotyledons for rapid cell division affected the early budding, rather than effect of culture medium was shown in twelve hours. The three- to four-cell stage was reached after three to four days of culture. Most cell divisions were achieved by additional buddings rather than equal binary cell division. No further cell division was observed beyond the four-cell stage. Protoplasts isolated from fully expanded cotyledons (germinated for 17 to 24 days) seldom initiated or failed to initiate cell division.

Pinus thunbergii × P . massoniana F1 교잡종 (交雜種) 유묘의 (幼苗) 특성

박문한,전계상,윤양 ( Mun Han Park,Gae Sang Jhun,Yang Youn ) 한국산림과학회 1985 한국산림과학회지 Vol.69 No.1

Pinus thunbergii × P, massoniana F₁ hybrids were made by pollinating 15 years old Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii) with Masson pine (P. massoniana) pollen, air-shipped from Taiwan. The crossability between two species were observed. Seedling height, morphological characteristics, and the composition of plhenolic compounds of these hybrids and the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii were investigated. The results of the observation were as follows; 1) Number of the hybrid seeds per cone was 2.3, while open-pollinated Japanese black pine produced 26 seeds per cone. 2) All hybrid seedlings outgrew P. thunbergii, averaging 151% of mean height of Japanese black pine seedlings. The growth of hybrids was much variable, ranging from 120% to 208% of mean height of the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii. 3) With regard to needle characteristics, the hybrid needles were longer and softer than those of P. thunbergii. The color of hybrid needles showed yellowish green. The positions of resin ducts in P. thunbergii observed medial, while those of hybrids showed medial and external. 4) No large difference in phenolic compound composition between hybrid and P. thunbergii was found, but phenolic compound of unknown 4 and 6 were observed only in hybrid. Further intensive work is recommended in this area.

낙엽송 (Larix leptolepis) 성숙배로부터 부정아 유도 및 식물체 재분화

김용욱,김준철,윤양,노의래,손성호,Kim, Yong-Wook,Kim, Joon-Chul,Youn, Yang,Noh, Eu-Rae,Son, Sung-Ho 한국식물생명공학회 1999 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구는 낙엽송 (Larix leptolepis)의 종자배로부터 배배양을 통한 식물체 재분화까지의 최적조건을 구명코저 수행되었는데 그 결과는 다음과 같이 요약할 수 있다. 최대 부정아 유도율은 SH배지에 1.0mg/L zeatin을 첨가한 처리구에서 가장 높은 91.7%의 부정아 유도율을 보였으며, cytokinin 혼용처리를 한 부정아 유도는 1.0mg/L zeatin + 1.0mg/L TDZ처리구에서 40.3%로 가장 높은 유도율을 보였다. 그리고 평균 부정아 유도수는 1.0mg/L zeatin+1.0 mg/L 2iP 및 1.0mg/L zeatin+1.0 mg/L kinetin 처리구에서 종자배당 1.9개로 동일한 유도수를 보여 그 효과는 비슷하였다. 부정아의 길이생장은 염류량을 절반으로 줄인 1/2LM배지에서 계대배양하였을 때 가장 높은 27mm의 신초가 생장되어 가장 효과적인 처리구 나타났다. 증식된 신초의 발근율은 5.0 mg/L IBA 및 0.2mg/L NAA 첨가시 23.3%로 가장 높았고 신초에서 유도된 뿌리수는 5.0mg/L IBA처리구에서 신초당 3.5개로 가장 많았다. Adventitious buds were produced from the cultures of mature zygotic embryos of Larix leptolepis with the highest frequency of 91.7% in SH medium containing 1.0 mg/L zeatin. The most effective cytokinin combination for inducing adventitious buds was 1.0 mg/L zeatin + 1.0 mg/L thidiazuron (40.3%). The highest mean number of adventitious buds induced in 1.0 mg/L zeatin + 1.0 mg/L 2iP or 1.0 mg/L zeatin + 1.0 mg/L kinetin combined treatments. Elongation of the adventitious buds occurred the best on half strength LM salts medium, on which the buds elongated upto 27 mm. Also, the supplement of activated charcoal in medium suppressed the elongation of the adventitious buds. The highest frequency (23.3%) of rooting from elongated shoots was obtained on the medium containing 5.0 mg/L IBA and 0.2 mg/L NAA. The highest number (3.5) of roots was induced on the medium containing 5.0 mg/L IBA alone.

낙엽송 (Larix leptolepis) 배발생조직의 초저온보존 및 식물체 재분화

김용욱,김준철,윤양,노의래,손성호,Kim, Yong-Wook,Kim, Joon-Chul,Youn, Yang,Noh, Eu-Rae,Son, Sung-Ho 한국식물생명공학회 1999 식물생명공학회지 Vol.26 No.4

본 연구에서는 낙엽송 배발생조직의 장기저장을 위한 가능성에 대하여 조사하였다. 0.4M혹은 20% PEG로 24시간 전 처리하여 -0.33$^{\circ}C$/min의 동결온도 하강율로 초저온시켰을 때 높은 조직생중량을 보인 반면 -0.5 혹은 -1.$0^{\circ}C$/min의 경우 초저온 후 조직의 생중량이 저조한 것으로 나타났다. 1, 7, 및 28일간 초저온보존된 조직을 회수하여 재생장시킨 다음 PCR을 이용하여 변이분석을 한 결과 초저온보존 기간에 관계없이 DNA변이는 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 초저온보존된 배발생 조직으로부터 체세포배 유도 및 식물체 재분화를 유도할 수 `있었다. The possibility for long-term preservation of Larix leptolepis embryogenic tissue was tested in this study. Higher relative increase of the tissue fresh weight was observed when embryogenic tissue was pretreated for 24 hrs in a medium containing 0.4 M sorbitol or 20% polyethyleneglycol with cooling rate of -0.33$^{\circ}C$/min. The fast cooling rate of -0.5$^{\circ}C$ and -1.$0^{\circ}C$/min appeared to be less effective in regrowth of tissues from cryopreservation. No DNA variants have been observed by PCR analysis among the embryogenic tissues recovered after 1-, 7-, and 28-day-cryopreservation. The post-thaw embryogenic tissue gave rise to mature somatic embryos which developed into plants.

Pinus thunbergii×P. massoniana F₁ 교잡종(交雜種) 유묘(幼苗)의 특성(特性)

박문한,전계상,윤양,Park, Mun Han,Jhun, Gae Sang,Youn, Yang 한국산림과학회 1985 한국산림과학회지 Vol.69 No.1

Pinus thunbergii를 교배모수(交配母樹)로 하고 대만(台灣)으로부터 도입(導入)된 P. massoniana 화분(花粉)으로 인공교배(人工交配)한 교잡종(交雜種)과 그의 모수(母樹) 풍매차대(風媒次代)들에 대(對)한 충실종자생산(充實種子生産), 생장(生長), 외부형태학적(外部形態學的) 특성(特性) 및 Phenol 물질함량(物質含量)을 조사(調査)하였다. 1) 구과당(毬果當) 충실종자(充實種子) 생산량(生産量)은 교잡종(交雜種)이 평균(平均) 2.3립(粒)으로 풍매(風媒) 26립(粒)에 비(比)하여 저조(低調)하였다. 2) 유묘시(幼苗時) 묘고생장(苗高生長)은 교잡종(交雜種)이 풍매차대(風媒次代)에 비(比)해 평균(平均) 151%로 우수(優秀)하였으며 120~208%의 변이(變異)를 나타냈다. 3) 침엽(針葉)의 외부형태학적(外部形態學的) 특성(特性)은 교잡종(交雜種)이 풍매차대묘(風媒次代苗)에 비(比)하여 침엽(針葉)이 부드럽고, 연(軟)하고, 길며, 연록색(軟綠色)을 나타내고 해부형태(解剖形態)에 있어서는 수지구(樹脂溝)의 위치(位置)가 P. thunbergii 풍매차대(風媒次代)는 중위(中位)인데 비(比)하여 교잡종(交雜種)들은 중위(中位)와 외위(外位)가 동시(同時)에 나타났다. 4) Phenol 물질분석(物質分析)에 있어서는 교잡종(交雜種)과 P. thunbergii 풍매차대간(風媒次代間)에 뚜렷한 차이(差異)가 없었으나 Unknown 4와 6의 물질(物質)이 교잡종(交雜種)에만 나타난 사실(事實)은 특이(特異)하나 이것이 화분수(花粉樹)에서 유래(由來)된 것인지의 여부(與否)는 좀 더 구명(究明)되어야 할 과제(課題)이다. Pinus thunbergii ${\times}$ P. massoniana $F_1$ hybrids were made by pollinating 15 years old Japanese black pine (P. thunbergii) with Masson pine (P. massoniana) pollen, air-shipped from Taiwan. The crossability between two species were observed. Seedling height, morphological characteristics, and the composition of phenolic compounds of these hybrids and the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii were investigated. The results of the observation were as follows; 1) Number of the hybrid seeds per cone was 2.3, while open-pollinated Japanese black pine produced 26 seeds per cone. 2) All hybrid seedlings outgrew P. thunbergii, averaging 151% of mean height of Japanese black pine seedlings. The growth of hybrids was much variable, ranging from 120% to 208% of mean height of the open-pollinated progenies of P. thunbergii. 3) With regard to needle characteristics, the hybrid needles were longer and softer than those of P. thunbergii. The color of hybrid needles showed yellowish green. The positions of resin ducts in P. thunbergii observed medial, while those of hybrids showed medial and external. 4) No large difference in phenolic compound composition between hybrid and P. thunbergii was found, but phenolic compound of unknown 4 and 6 were observed only in hybrid. Further intensive work is recommended in this area.