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하구사주의 생성 및 발달을 해석하기 위한 수치모델의 개발
김연중(Yeon-Joong Kim),우정운(Joung-Woon Woo),윤종성(Jong-Sung Yoon),김명규(Myoung-Kyu Kim) 한국해안해양공학회 2021 한국해안해양공학회 논문집 Vol.33 No.6
해안침식의 근본적 대책으로서 감소한 공급 토사량 회복을 포함한 종합 토사관리 대책이 유효하지만, 계획에 있어서는 하천에서 바다로 유출된 토사 가운데 어느 정도의 양이 어느 정도의 속도로 해안에 다시 공급되는 토사량의 평가와 이를 위해서는 하천과 바다의 결절점인 하구지역에서 발생하는 토사의 이동 메커니즘 분석이 매우 중요하다. 하지만 지금까지 홍수 시의 하구사주 붕괴(flushing) 과정을 해석하는 수치모델에 관한 연구는 진행되고 있지만 하구사주의 형성 및 발달 과정을 해석하는 수치모델은 아직 확립되어 있지 않은 것이 현재의 연구 진행상태이다. 본 연구에서는 종합토사관리를 위해 유출된 토사가 회복되는 토사량의 평가를 위해 파랑변형, 유황계산 및 지형변화 모델을 구축하여 하구사주의 생성과정을 수치해석을 통한 재현을 목적으로 한다. 하구사주의 생성과정을 모의하였으며 에너지 파랑 및 작용 시간의 개념을 도입하여 장기간 표사이동의 예측을 실시하였다. 계산에 필요한 외력조건은 하구사주가 지배적으로 발달하는 동계시 작용하는 파랑조건과 하천의 유량을 고려하였으며 초기지형은 홍수시 마읍천의 하구사주가 붕괴(flushing)된 직후의 지형정보를 초기조건으로 설정하였다. 그 결과 입사파향에 따라 해빈류에 의해 하구사주의 발달과 생성과정을 재현하였으며 초기지형으로부터 약 66시간 경과 후 맹방하구 사주의 형태로 발달되는 것으로 나타났다. An integrated sediment management approach that includes the recovery of the amount of declined sediment supply is effective as a fundamental solution to coastal erosion. During planning, it is essential to analyze the transfer mechanism of the sediments generated from estuaries (the junction between a river and sea) to assess the amount and rate of sediment discharge (from the river to sea) supplied back to the coast. Although numerical models that interpret the tidal sand bar flushing process during flooding have been studied, thus far, there has been no study focusing on the formation and development processes of tidal sand bars. Therefore, this study aims to construct wave deformation, flow regime calculation, and topographic change analysis models to assess the amount of recovered sediment discharge and reproduce the tidal sand bar formation process through numerical analysis for integrated littoral drift management. The tidal sand bar formation process was simulated, and the wave energy and duration of action concepts were implemented to predict the long-term littoral movement. The river flux and wave conditions during winter when tidal sand bars dominantly develop were considered as the external force conditions required for calculation. The initial condition of the topographic data directly after the Maeupcheon tidal sand bar flushing during flooding was set as the initial topography. Consequently, the tidal sand bar formation and development due to nearshore currents dependent on the incident wave direction were reproduced. Approximately 66 h after the initial topography, a sand bar formation was observed at the Maengbang estuary.
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김연중(Yeon-Joong Kim),우정운(Joung-Woon Woo),윤종성(Jong-Sung Yoon) 한국연안방재학회 2022 한국연안방재학회지 Vol.9 No.1
Shoreline variations occurring in sea areas are caused by the combined effect of sediment transport due to the inflow and outflow of sediment caused by waves at the left and right boundaries of the sea area and the depth of movement limit. Although many studies have been conducted to understand the characteristics of sediment transport, assessment on valid sediment run-off supplied to the sea area from mountains and rivers in sea areas with river inflow and research on the sediment budget analysis considering the topographical characteristics of South Korean sea areas are insufficient. Therefore, the establishing mitigation measures considering comprehensive viewpoints is necessary to systematically respond to various natural and anthropogenic causes. Moreover, further research related to the setting and analysis of major parameters must be conducted for improving the prediction performance as well as the evaluation system for analyzing the sediment budget, which is a quantitative evaluation index for coastline management optimized for domestic waters. This study aimed to establish a comprehensive analysis system for analyzing the sediment run-off generated in domestic sea areas and develop a shoreline model (In-MPaS model) considering mixed grain sizes for advancing sediment run-off analysis. With the observation data, the parameters necessary for the numerical analysis were set, the sensitivity of the In-MPaS model according to the particle size distribution of the sediment constituting the sea area was evaluated, and the major parameters for improving the prediction performance were analyzed. Consequently, it was found that the prediction performance of the In-MPaS model improved in terms of valid sediment run-off as well as the sediments constituting the sea area (which was assumed to have mixed grain sizes rather than a single grain size(). In particular, considering the topographical properties that regulate sediment transport due to the island (Deokbong Mountain) at the foreside of the river mouth bar, the shoreline prediction performance was significantly improved with the application of groins, which exhibit structurally similar performance.
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