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mRNA Vaccine, a Promising Alternative to Conventional Vaccine Approaches
염규희,김도연,김현철 한국공업화학회 2020 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2020 No.-
As long as cancer and infectious diseases exist, it is necessary to research the vaccines. However, there are hurdles of the conventional vaccines. For example, most emerging virus vaccines require rapid development and large scale production. But antibody-based treatments are hard to be implemented because of costs and manufacturing challenges inherent to protein-based therapeutics. Also, DNA vaccines have a risk of integration into the host genome. Messenger RNA (mRNA), a type of RNA, serves as a template for the production of chemically encoded proteins. mRNA vaccines have high efficacy and potential for low-cost manufacturing processes. In addition, mRNA is non-integrating and degrades naturally. Therefore, there has been growing interest in mRNA vaccine recently. Despite these advantages, obstacles make application difficult. mRNA has concerns with instability and needs to be delivered through the cell membrane. For this reasons, the development of the delivery system is urgent.
김지원,염규희,김현철 한국공업화학회 2019 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2019 No.1
Exosome, a natural carrier released by cells for cell-to-cell communications, has been utilized as drug vehicle. Immunotherapy uses innate immune systems of patient by stimulating immune cells. In this study, exosome was used as both drug delivery carrier and immunostimulatory. Chlorin e6 was loaded into exosome during exosomes reassembly. The exosomes have same membrane proteins and average size after the modification, therefore, can target tumor cells. The results showed that chlorin e6-loaded exosomes can be visualized by photoacoustic imaging and can generate reactive oxygen inside the target cells under the laser irradiation. Also, chlorin e6-loaded exosomes increased a release of cytokines from immune cells, which means the exosomes can be also used as an immunotherapy agent. Finally, Imaging and therapy were confirmed in a mouse tumor model. In conclusion, we developed a strategy that enables photoacoustic imaging-guided combination therapy for the tumor treatment with exosomes.