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The determinants of income mobility of older people in England and South Korea
엄진필 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.2
This paper adopts a longitudinal approach toward examining what lies behind income mobility of older people aged 50 and over in England and aged 45 and over in South Korea over the period between 2006 and 2012, using panel data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (KLoSA). The breakdown of income mobility which takes into account different type of division of the elderly population and income sources are also performed. The findings reveal that income growth has very little impact on aggregate income mo-bility in England, while it is crucial for the income mobility levels in Korea. There is a great deal of income mobility among single people under the age of 65 in England, while older people who are aged 65 or above and live alone experienced a greater variation in their income over time in Korea. In the case of breakdown of income mobility by income sources, it appears that labor income is the most important de-terminant of mobility in both countries and income from self-employment for Korea and income from social transfers in England also plays an important contribution to income mobility.
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Active Ageing Index in Korea – Comparison with China and EU countries
엄진필,Asghar Zaidi,Sung‐Jae Choi 한국사회복지학회 2019 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.13 No.1
The evidence‐based policymaking relies on the use and robustness of the available data. Many conceptual and operational difficulties restrict this process, not least in making use of evidence to identify policy priorities. The Active Ageing Index (AAI), developed originally for the 28 European Union countries, offers a strong motivation in this respect. This paper reports on the development of the AAI for Korea, a country where speed and level of population aging is among the highest in the world. Drawing on the comparative analysis of the AAI results for Korea, China, and European countries, we find that Korea's AAI (35.3) is higher than the average of the AAI for all EU countries (33.9) but lower than China (37.3). Fitting Korea into the overall ranking with the EU countries and China (ranked 7), Korea is ranked 11, just behind Germany (10). The AAI results in Korea show that the employment domain performs extremely well compared with the EU countries, but other domains, especially “Social participation” and “Independent, healthy and secure living,” are achieving less favorable outcomes. High employment among the current cohorts of older workers in Korea can be attributed largely to the constraints of low pension income status
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Income mobility of Older People in England and South Korea
엄진필 한국노인복지학회 2016 한국노인복지학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.6 No.1
This study adopts a longitudinal approach towards examining the income mobility of older people in England and South Korea over the period between 2006 and 2012, using panel data from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing and the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing. This research analyses the income mobility of older people at the macroscopic level (by using aggregate measures of income mobility), and also investigates the explanatory factors that have a significant influence on income mobility in old age at the microscopic level (multivariate analysis). This study of income mobility among older people points to pension income insecurity issues, which carry utmost significance in the time when the life expectancy and retirement duration is on the rise. The comparative analysis brings insights into what different institutional settings may be responsible, and what policy reforms can be brought out to offset the adverse impact of income mobility on the financial wellbeing of older people. The evidence emerging from the relative income mobility analysis shows that older people in both countries experienced a low rate of change in their position in the income distribution over the measured period. However, older people in Korea tend to experience slightly more income mobility than their English counterparts. In both countries there is income rigidity among the high-income and low-income classes, which illustrates low downward movement of the wealthy and low upward movement of the poor. From the analysis of absolute income mobility, older people in England show much more income stability than Korean older people. The multivariate analysis of income mobility reveals that several demographic, labour market, education, and income attributes are significantly associated with income mobility. In particular, the events such as retiring from work, becoming widowed, and changes in living arrangement have a significant impact on the income mobility of older people in both countries.
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The New Asian Active Ageing Index for ASEAN+3: A Comparative Analysis with EU Member States
Asghar Zaidi,엄진필 서울대학교 사회발전연구소 2019 Journal of Asian Sociology Vol.48 No.4
The high speed of population ageing in ASEAN countries and in China, Japan and Korea necessitate a high-quality, comparative evidence base for policy learning. The new Asian Active Ageing Index (AAI) proposed in this paper quantifies the extent to which older people make contributions to their families and societies. The Asian AAI was calibrated to cultural norms in Asia by revisiting the choice of indicators. We also revised the aggregation methods previously used in the AAI for European Union member states. Amongst ASEAN member countries, Thailand does better than Indonesia and they both fare better than many European countries. Japan is among the top performing countries alongside Scandinavian countries. In the two ASEAN countries, Thailand and Indonesia, older persons are physically and mentally capable while their pension incomes are low, which explains the level of informal support they offer and their high employment rates, respectively. Future active ageing strategies need to prioritize active ageing among older women, particularly those who live alone.
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