한국 연안해역에 있어서 온배수 배출의 생태학적 영향 - 2. 고리원자력발전소 냉각계통 통과에 따른 식물플랑크톤의 변화 -

심재형,여환구 ( Jae Hyung Shim,Hwan Goo Yeo ) 한국환경생물학회 1992 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The mortalities of phytoplankton passed through the cooling system of Kori Nuclear Power Plant were estimated in the range of 28.6-81.1%. In general, high mortalities(>70%) were measured when seawater temperatures were relatively high. This phenomenon represented that the mortalities were affected by the surrounding seawater temperatures and the mortalities of the 1st and the 2nd units of power plant were usually higher than those of the 3rd and the 4th units. Thermal changes as phytoplankton lethal factor might be more significant than chemical alteration or mechanical stress. Consequently the average mortality of phytoplankton which measured at discharge stations of Kori Nuclear Power Plant was 55%.

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Phytoplankton in Ch$\check{o}$nsu Bay

심재형,여환구,Shim, Jae Hyung,Yeo, Hwan Goo The Korean Society of Oceanography 1988 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

Spatial distribution and temporal variations of phytoplankton population were investigated in Ch$\check{o}$nsu Bay, the Korean western coast. Diurnal fluctuations of phytoplankton standing crop are associated with semidiurnal tidal cycle, as high concentration at low tide and low at high tide. In monthly variations of phytopolankton standing crop, the 1st peak occurrs in March and the 2nd one in August. The study area could be divided into two parts, outer bay and inner bay according to the physical and biological factors such as water temperature and salinity, and phytoplankton distribution patterns. The northern waters of the bay, however, may be affected by irregular fresh water influx through the lock of the dike. Because of the hydrographical differences among the surveyed stations, phytoplankton species succession patterns of each station have some differences. On the whole in this study area, Paralia sulcata and Skeletonema costatum are dominant species all the year round. However, except June, Paralia sulcata, a tychopelagic diatom is not dominant species at Station 6 (northern end of the bay). This seems to be caused by the fact that the waters of northern part of the bay is less turbulent than that of the outer bay. The result of principal component analysis (PCA) indicates that Ch$\check{o}$nsu Bay is normal coastal ecosystem where the environmental conditions are cycled in a year, and water temperature and nitrogenous nutrients such as nitrate, nitrite and ammonia are major factors to influence the annual cycle of environmental conditions.

Primary Production System in the Southern Waters of the East Sea, Korea I. Biomass and Productivity

심재형,여환구,박종규,SHIM, JAE HYUNG,YEO, HWAN GOO,PARK, JONG GYU The Korean Society of Oceanography 1992 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.27 No.2

For the study on the structure and characteristics of the primary production system in the southern waters of the East Sea, chlorophyll, phytoplankton standing stocks. nutrients and hydrographic properties were investigated and analyzed in conjunction with measurement of C-14 based primary productivity. The primary productivity was relatively high in comparison with the previous studies, ranging from 284 to 4,574 mgC$.$m/SUP -2/$.$day /SUP -1/ and averaged to be 2,000 mgC$.$m/SUP 02/$.$day/SUP -1/. The standing stocks within the euphotic zone were fairly high, but ambient inorganic nitrogenous nutrient concentrations were too low to support the high production. This implied that there might be active recycling of nitrogenous nutrients by heterotrophic processes and the upward flux of nutrients by vertical mixing. Subsurface chlorophyll maxima were continuously observed in the lower parts of the euphotic layer and the depth coincided with the nutricline rather than isopycnal surfaces, supporting the view that chlorophyll distributions and primary production were primarily influenced by nutrient supply. Despite low nutrient concentrations, phytoplankton standing stocks and production were fairly high and the fraction of autotrophic nano- and picoplankton production was significant.

고리해역 표영생태계내 비생물 환경요인과 일차생산 변동

여환구,심재형,박종규 ( Hwan Goo Yeo,Jae Hyung Shim,Jong Gyu Park ) 한국환경생물학회 1996 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.14 No.2

Abiotic environmental factors and primary production were investigated at the adjacent waters of Kori in southeastern coast of Korea, seasonally in 1992. The average concentrations of chlorophyll-a varied from 2.01 to 5.88㎍Chl-a·ℓ^-1 and showed spring and autumn bloom. The fraction of nano- and picoplankton was 74.8% of total biomass of primary producers in April but larger cell size group, netplankton contributed 54.9% to the total biomass and caused autumn bloom in October. Daily primary productivity ranged from 316.5 to 3538.8㎎C·m^-2·day^-1. Except the result of October, the production of nano- and picoplankton were over than 70% of primary production. Assimilation number of phytoplankton ranged from 0.20 to 5.79㎎C·㎎ Chl-a^-1·hour^-1 and the average N/P ratio was 8.65. Nitrogenous nutrient might be limiting factor to the growth of primary producers because of low level of N/P ratio. The data of apparent oxygen utilization (AOU) showed vertical stratification of water column in summer.

한국 연안해역에 있어서 온배수 배출의 생태학적 영향 4. 고리원자력발전소 부근 해역 일차생산자의 생물량과 생산력

여환구,심재형 ( Hwan Goo Yeo,Jae Hyung Shim ) 한국환경생물학회 1993 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Spatial and temporal variations of phytoplankton standing stocks ranged from 865 to 13,645Cells·㎖^-1 in the adjacent waters of Kori Nuclear Power Plant from March, 1987 to February, 1989. Seasonal variations of standing stocks of phytoplankton showed high concentrations above 5,000Cells·㎖^-1 in spring and summer 1987. Phytoplankton blooms by netplankton (cell size>20/㎛) occurred in June and September 1988. Though the fractions of nanoplankton (cell size<20/㎛) to the total phytoplankton standing stocks were always higher than 67%, netplankton standing stocks underwent more remarkable fluctuation with the seasons by heated effluent. The minimum standing stock was recorded at the thermal effluent stations. And the distribution of chlorophyll-a concentrations was similar to the pattern of phytoplankton standing stocks. Primary productions measured by C-14 method were varied from 14.5 to 3283.4㎎C·m^-2-day^-1 spatiotemporally. The minimum primary productivity was measured at the thermal effluent discharge stations except the result of survey in December, 1988. Assimilation numbers of phytoplankton ranged from 0.2 to 11.7㎎C·㎎Chl-a^-1·hour^-1 and were high in the area not affected by heated effluent during summer.

한국 연안해역에 있어서 온배수 배출의 생태학적 영향 3. 고리 원자력발전소 부근 해역 무생물환경과 일차 생산자의 군집구조

여환구,심재형 ( Hwan Goo Yeo,Jae Hyung Shim ) 한국환경생물학회 1992 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.10 No.2

Abiotic environmental factors and the community structure of primary producer in thermal effluent region, adjacent waters of Kori Nuclear Power Plant were investigated monthly from March, 1987 to February, 1989. The area showing the rise of water temperature (ΔT) over 2-3℃ by thermal effluent extended to about 2㎞ from the discharge of power plant and to the depth 5m and the area over ΔT 1℃ were variable but usually extended 2-4㎞. Though seasonal fluctuations of nutrient concentrations showed general patterns of temperate neritic region, the average ratio of nitrogen and phosphate nutrient (N/P ratio) ranged 6.98-8.49 and nitrogenous nutrient seemed to be limited. A total of 160 phytoplankton species were identified and Skeletonema costatum was dominant species all the year round. Phytoplankton species diversities were lower than those of previous studies which investigated before the full operation (4 units) of Kori Nuclear Power Plant. This indicats that the structure of phytoplankton community had changed unstable by the effect of thermal effluent. The result of cluster analysis shows that phytoplankton community structure are closely related with water temperature and phytohydrographic regions are usually divided into two parts by the isotherm, that is, ΔT 4℃ line. Therefore ΔT 4℃ might be a critical temperature leading transformation of the primary producers community structure.

천수만 환경특성이 플랑크톤 분포 및 생산력에 미치는 영향

신윤근(Yoon Keun Shin),심재형(Jae Hyung Shim),여환구(Hwan Goo Yeo) 상지대학교 환경과학기술연구소 1997 환경과학연구 Vol.3 No.1

  서해 천수만의 환경특성이 플랑크톤의 분포와 생산력에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 환경요인과 함께 플랑크톤을 분석하기 위한 시료의 채집을 1985년 9월부터 1986년 9월까지 10회에 걸쳐 시행하였다. 천수만은 강한 조류와 방조제로 부터의 비정기적인 담수의 유입으로 플랑크톤의 분포와 생산력이 영향을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 조류에 의한 수괴 이동으로 플랑크톤의 분포가 영향을 받고 침전물의 재부유로 인하여 생산력이 영향을 받으며, 영양염의 동태는 식물플랑크톤에 의해 좌우되며, 비정기적으로 만북부에 유입되는 담수도 영양염의 동태를 변화시켜 표영생태계 전반에 영향을 준다. 방조제 건설로 인한 생태계 변화는 비정규적인 담수의 유입으로 말미암아 천수만의 영양염 동태가 변하게 되어 생기는 환경 변화와 조속의 변화에 의해 생기는 환경 변화에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다. 천수만 표영생태계는 강한 조류의 영향을 크게 받는 외만역과 비정기적으로 유입되는 담수의 영향을 받는 내만역으로 대별된다.   The plankton and environmental factors were analysed during ten fields from September 1985 to September 1986 on monthly basis in Chonsu Bay. Strong tide gave influence on the distribution and production of plankton. Nutrient dynamics is mainly controlled by the phytoplankton standing crops and the amount of fresh water which flow into the northern part of Chonsu Bay. After a tide embankment was constructed, the environmental changes of Chonsu Bay result from the change of nutrient dynamics by the input of fresh water and the decrease of tide velocity. The water masses in Chonsu Bay were divided into two parts: 1) Inner Bay influenced mainly by fresh water irregularly flowing into Chonsu Bay and 2) Outer Bay affected by strong tide.