충청북도 중학교의 명칭 특성

송호열 한국지도학회 2021 한국지도학회지 Vol.21 No.2

110년의 충북 중등교육의 역사에도 불구하고, 충북 교육에 관한 체계적인 연구는 매우 미흡하다. 그래서 충북 중학교의 특성에 대한 분석을 시작하였다. 2021. 04. 01. 기준 128개 중학교의 명칭에 대한 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 학교명의 어종은 한자어가 98.4%로 압도적이었고, 평균 음절수는 2.63음절로 상당히 짧았다. 명명 유연성은 행정구역명 관련 학교명이 67.2%로 가장 많았고, 인문지명이 18.0%로 다음을 차지하였다. 면명에서 연유한 다수의 중학교가 폐지되면서 행정지명의 비중이 상당히 감소하였다. 1970년 25.6%를 차지하였던 사립중학교는 현재 14.8%로 감소하였다. 1981년 20.6%를 차지하였던 여자중학교는 현재 13.3%로 감소하였다. 1952년 이후 개명 사례는 15건이 있었는데, 사립중학교와 여자중학교의 비중이 상대적으로 높았다. 1952년 이후 실제 폐지된 중학교는 19개교인데, 대부분 농촌 지역의 공립중학교였다. Despite the 110-year history of secondary education in Chungbuk province, systematic research on education in Chungbuk province was very insufficient. Analysis about characteristics of Chungbuk middle school started from there. The results of analysis about names of 128 middle schools are as follows, as of April 1st 2021. In word type analysis, ‘Sino-Korea’ word was overwhelming at 98.4%. In syllable analysis, mean number of syllable was 2.63. In name source analysis, school name related to administrative district name was outstanding with 67.2% and school name related to humanistic factor was followed by 18.0%. Since large number of middle schools named after township(Myeon) name were abolished, the proportion of school name related to administrative district name decreased considerably. The proportion of private middle schools has decreased from 25.6% in 1970 to 14.8% now. The proportion of girls' middle schools has decreased from 20.6% in 1981 to 13.3% now. There have been 15 cases of renaming of middle school since 1952, and the proportion of private and girls' middle schools from renaming schools was relatively high. There were 19 middle schools that were actually abolished after 1952, and most of them were public middle schools in rural areas.

고속국도 노선번호 및 노선명

송호열 한국지도학회 2020 한국지도학회지 Vol.20 No.2

고속국도 분기점, 나들목, 휴게소, 교량, 터널 등의 시설 관련 특성을 분석하려면, 먼저 고속국도의 기본 속성인 노선번호와 노선명에 대해서 알아야 한다. 그래서 본고에서는 노선번호의 부여 기준과 노선명 제정 기준을 국토교통부예규인 「고속국도 등 도로 노선번호 및 노선명 관리지침」(이하 ‘관리지침’)을 통해 살펴보았다. 과거의 고속국도 노선번호와 노선명 제・개정은 현재와 크게 달랐는데, 「고속국도 노선 지정령」 전체(국가법령정보센터)와 고속국도 관련 고시들(대한민국 관보)까지 검색하여 변천 과정을 파악하여 정리하였다. 더 나아가 한국도로공사에서 제공한 각종 자료(「노선별 관리현황」과 한국도로공사 웹사이트에 탑재된 자료)를 바탕으로 2020년 현재의 고속국도 노선번호와 노 선명 사이의 관계에 대해서도 일목요연하게 정리하였다.

우리나라 고속국도 휴게소(SA)의 분포 및 명칭 특성

송호열 한국지도학회 2020 한국지도학회지 Vol.20 No.3

우리나라의 고속국도 역사는 50년 전부터 시작되었다. 그러나 고속국도의 주요 시설물들 자체에 대한 연구는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 그래서 분기점에 이어 휴게소의 분포 및 명칭 특성을 분석하였다. 231개 휴게소의 분포 특성을 분석한 결과, 노선별 단순 총수 및 단위 거리 당 휴게소 수는 모두 주요 간선 노선들에 많았다. 지역별로는 대도시 및 인근 지역보다 도 지역에 더 많았고, 분기점과 달리 산포하는 특성을 보였다. 면적 대비 휴게소 수는 경부축선 상에 많고, 인구 대비 휴게소 수는 도 지역에 많았다. 136개 휴게소의 명칭 특성을 분석한 결과, 어종은 89.7%가 한자어였으며, 평균 음절수는 2.75음절로 상당히 짧고, 지수분포 를 보였다. 명명 유연성 측면에서는 행정구역명 관련 분기점 명칭이 66.7%로 가장 많았고, 결합지명이 19.3%로 다음을 차지하였다. 최근 제정되었거나 변경된 휴게소 명칭의 다수가 결합지명인데, 이용객들의 불편을 최소화하려는 노력이 필요하다. The expressways in South Korea has been used since 50 years ago. However, there was no research has been conducted on the expressway’s own major facilities. So, writer analyzed the distribution and name characteristics of the service area (SA) after the same research of the expressway junction. The analysis results of 231 SAs’ distibution are as follows. Both simple total number of SAs for each route and the number of SAs per unit distance were high for the main trunk lines. By region, the number of SAs was higher in provincial areas than in metropolitan areas and nearby areas, and it showed a characteristic of scattering unlike junctions. The number of SAs per area is high along the Gyeongbu axis, and the number of SAs per population is high in the provincial areas. The analysis results of 136 SAs’ name are as follows. In word type analysis, ‘Sino-Korea’ word was 89.7%. In syllable analysis, mean number of syllable was 2.75 and syllable of SA names has exponential distribution. In name source analysis, SA name related to administrative district name was outstanding with 66.9% and combined name of SA was followed by 19.1%. Many of recently established or changed names of SAs are combined names, so it is important to minimize discomfort for users.

고속국도 개통사 - 국토교통부 보도 자료와 언론 보도 내용을 중심으로 -

송호열 한국지도학회 2020 한국지도학회지 Vol.20 No.3

우리나라 고속국도 나들목(IC)의 명칭 특성

송호열 한국지도학회 2021 한국지도학회지 Vol.21 No.1

우리나라는 54년 전부터 고속국도를 건설하기 시작하였다. 그러나 고속국도의 주요 시설물들 자체에 대한 연구는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 그래서 분기점과 휴게소에 이어 나들목의 명칭 특성을 분석하였다. 2020년 말 현재 500개 나들목에 대한 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 나들목 명칭의 어종은 95.8%가 한자어였고, 평균 음절수는 2.60음절로 상당히 짧았으며, 대체로 지수분포를 보였다. 명명 유연성 측면에서는 행정구역명 관련 나들목 명칭이 65.0%로 가장 많았고, 결합지명이 28.2%로 다음을 차지하였다. 이들 명칭이 다수를 차지한 것은 한국도로공사의 「시설물 명칭 부여 기준」 때문이라고 판단된다 It has been 54 years since South Korea began to build the expressway. However, there was no research has been conducted on the expressway’s own major facilities. So, this study analyzed the name characteristics of the interchange (IC) after the two same research of expressway junction (JC) and expressway service area (SA). As of December 2020, the analysis results of 500 ICs were as follows. In word type analysis, ‘Sino-Korea’ word was 95.8%. In syllable analysis, mean number of syllable was 2.60 and syllable of IC names has exponential distribution roughly. In name source analysis, IC name related to administrative district name was outstanding with 65.0% and combined name of IC was followed by 28.2%. The reason these names won the majority is judged to be influenced by the Korea Expressway Corporation’s 「Facilities Naming Criteria」.

고속국도 나들목의 분포 특성

송호열 한국지도학회 2021 한국지도학회지 Vol.21 No.1

우리나라 고속국도 분기점(JC)의 분포 및 명칭 특성

송호열 한국지도학회 2020 한국지도학회지 Vol.20 No.2

우리나라의 고속국도 건설 역사는 이미 50년이 넘었다. 그러나 고속국도의 주요 시설물들 자체에 대한 연구는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 주요 시설물 중 운전자들이 중요하게 여기는 분기점의 분포 및 명칭 특성을 분석하였다. 2020년 6월 현재 108개 분기점에 대한 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 노선별 단순 총수는 주요 간선 노선들에 많지만, 단위 거리 당 분기점 수는 단거리 노선에 훨씬 더 많았다. 지역별로는 경기, 경남 등 대도시 주변에 집중되어 있었는데, 면적과는 달리 인구 대비 분기점 수는 오히려 더 적었다. 분기점 명칭의 어종은 99.1%가 한자어였으며, 평균 음절수는 2.17음절로 매우 짧고, 지수분포를 보였다. 명명 유연성 측면에서는 행정구역명 관련 분기점 명칭이 87.0%로 압도적이었으며, 그 중에서도 읍・면・동 관련 명칭과 시・군・구 관련 명칭이 대부분을 차지하였다. 어종, 음절 및 명명 유연성 특성은 행정구역명을 우선적으로 따르는 「시설물 명칭 부여 기준」의 영향이 크다. It has been over 50 years since South Korea began to build the expressway. However, no research has been conducted on the main facilities of the expressway itself. I analyzed the distribution and name characteristics of expressway junctions which are considered important among main facilities by drivers. As of June 2020, the analysis results of 108 junctions are as follows. The simple total number of junctions for each route was higher for the main trunk lines, but the number of junctions per unit distance was much higher for shorter lines. By region, junctions were concentrated around major cities such as Gyeonggi and Gyeongnam, but unlike the size of area, the number of junctions relative to the population was smaller on the contrary. In word type analysis, ‘Sino-Korea’ word was 99.1%. In syllable analysis, the number of syllable was averaged 2.17 and syllable of junction names has exponential distribution. In name source analysis, junction name related to administrative district name was outstanding with 87.0%; junction names related to town・township name and city・county・district name accounted for the major of that. These characteristics are largely influenced by ‘the criteria for granting facility names’ that follows the administrative district name first.

중등학교 기후 단원의 내용 선정과 조직 원리

송호열 한국 지리·환경 교육학회 1999 한국지리환경교육학회지 Vol.7 No.1

In this study, I have researched how to organize the climate chapter and what contents to be included in it on the point of writing new textbooks according to the 7th curriculum which endowed textbook writers with considerable discretion. Until now, by the curriculum the government selected and decided in detail, textbook writers have written the textbook only passively, but from now, they should seek actively new alternatives suitable for the new curriculum. Especially, in writing the climate chapter, those who have majored the climatology are not found with ease, and though they are found, textbook writers of them are few. For this reason, there may be many problems in describing, explaining and organizing the climate chapter. Thus, first of all, I have analyzed contents of the climatology in order to understand contents selection and organization of the climate chapter. The climatology have the attribute of natural science, for it should be approached systematically, logically, and synthetically. So I have drawn concept maps of climatic elements and related subjects, and investigated the correlation between the climate and other factors. Because each climatic element has strong influence on other environments and human activities, the climate chapter could be linked with other chapter effectively only when it should be treated together with other related factors as well as climate. For this reason, the climate chapter should be included in the geography curriculum which describe and explain the natural environments and human activities synthetically. The climate chapter can be organized in various ways according to many criteria, such as climatic element, climatic region, season and climatic phenomenon. Therefore, it is desirable to select and apply an appropriate organization method in line with the curriculum. In case of developing the curriculum by the systematic approaches, it is better to organize the climate chapter according to the climatic elements and describe it with the system of climatology scientifically, systematically, and logically. When developing the curriculum with regional approaches, it is more desirable to describe climatic characteristics of each region. However, in world geography, although developing the curriculum by regional approaches, it is necessary to put a separate climate chapter in the former part of the textbook and then deal with the climate of the whole world systematically. And in case the criteria of region classification is not climate in the latter part, it can be considered that climatic characteristics of every region are described in the separate climate chapter. On developing the curriculum with the combination of systematic and regional approaches, in order not to repeat the contents, it is better to deal with overall climate in the part of the systematic geography and describe largely the climatic characteristics in relation to geographical phenomena of each region in the part of the regional one. In case of developing the curriculum by the theme-centered approaches, when the theme is related to the climate, description should be centered on the climate phenomenon largely, and be correlated with other contents related to that theme as well. Otherwise, it is better that only the climatic contents connected with that theme is described. In describing and explaining the climatic chapter according to each season, much attention need to be paid to season classification in order to show seasonal characteristics well. The current 7th curriculum lacks the linkage among grades considerably and has much to be desired. As the result, it is difficult to teach the climate chapter consistently. In the social studies of the 7th grade, both korean geography and world geography are included. However, both of them are organized on the basis of regional approaches, so only in the introductory part of the unit or chapter can the climate characteristics be mentioned a little. For this reason, there are many difficulties in teaching the climate effectively. In the social studies of the 10th grade, the climate could be treated intensively and systematically, because geography part in it is organized by the systematic approaches. In case of the 11-12th grade, the fact that both korean geography and world geography are all elective(optional) subjects and at the same time curriculums combined with the systematic and regional approaches can result in teaching the climate in the systematic geography chapter systematically and intensively. In spite of that, it is expected that there are many difficulties in seeking the ways to avoid the repetition of the contents between compulsory and elective subjects. According to the alteration of the curriculum, it is inevitable to change how to select and organize the contents of the climate chapter. But if there is no special reason, it is desirable not to change the curriculum frequently and although changing it, it is better to add or subtract the changed contents little by little. If the curriculum should be changed inevitably, the opinion of the various fields as well as the geographical world should be collected and reflected sufficiently. In addition, when alterating the geographical curriculum in the future, issues such as the integration of the social studies, the better linkage from the 3rd grade to the 12th grade, the avoidance of contents repetition among grades, the production of the differentiated textbooks, and the choice of organization method of the geography curriculum should be agreed through the considerable discussion.

우리나라 세무서명의 특성 변화: 주요 변동 시기를 중심으로

송호열 한국지도학회 2020 한국지도학회지 Vol.20 No.1

It has been 86 years since tax offices had performed their intrinsic functions in our country. However, there has been neither professional nor academic studies about tax office names. This study compared and analyzed major characteristics of change of tax office names focused on the major period of change in our country from 1934 to 2019. The results are as follows. In word type analysis, ‘Sino-Korea word’ was 100%. In syllable analysis, mean number of syllable was 2.04 to 2.26 and syllable of tax office names has exponential distribution. In name source analysis, tax office names related to administrative district name was outstanding with over 80%; the major of that accounted for by tax office names related to city or district name. Over 20% of total tax office names was renamed. Incongruent tax office names in 2019 showed the portion with 31.2%. Seven of 125 tax office names were very inappropriate. 우리나라에서 세무서가 본연의 기능을 본격적으로 수행하기 시작한 지도 벌써 86년이 지났다. 그러나 세무서명에 관한 전문적, 학술적 연구는 찾아볼 수 없었다. 그래서 본고에서는 1934년부터 현재까지 우리나라 세무서명의 주요 특성 변화를 주요 변동 시기를 중심으로 비교, 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 어종은 100% 한자어였고, 음절수는 평균 2.04~2.26음절이었으며, 지수분포를 보였다. 명명 유연성 측면에서는 행정구역명 관련 세무서명이 80% 이상으로 압도적이었으며, 그 중에서도 시·구명 관련 세무서명이 높은 비중을 차지하였다. 전체 세무서명 중 20% 이상이 개명된 바 있으며, 2019년 현재 부적합한 세무서명은 31.2%이고, 이 중 7건은 매우 부적합하였다.

GMO의 위험에 대한 민사법적 책임의 한계

송호열 인제대학교 과학기술과법연구소 2011 인제법학 Vol.2 No.-

유전자조작생물체(GMO: Genetically Modified Organism / GEO :Genetically Engineered Organism)1)는 기존의 생물체 속에 다른 생물체의 유전자를 끼워 넣음으로써 기존의 생물체에 존재하지 않던 새로운 성질을 갖도록 한 생물체이며, 본래 유전자를 변형 및 조작하여 생산성 및 상품의 질을 높이는 등의 목적으로 생산되고 있다.