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宋大晟 空軍士官學校 1976 論文集 Vol.6 No.-
1. Wars have been continually fought since the beginning of history. Man came to realize the disastrousness of wars by the experience of both world wars. In particular, we under-went bitter war experiences during the Korean War. Most regard war as a crime. A great many men have worked hard to attain peace by preventing wars that bring about man's disastrousness. They have also suggested what they think is the most hopeful device for peace. Nevertheless, war does not cease but is fought at the very moment. why do wars go on without cease despite these efforts to attain peace ? What defects are there in the devices for peace ? What factors in the devices cause war? Could man's strenuous efforts produce the device which puts an end to war? The author intends to analyze and appreciate the causes of war in some famous thoughts, and to consolidate a desirable attitude towards war by finding out the margine of peace which man endeavours to attain. 2. In this study are selected several famous thoughts at a few stages of history-the Ancient Times, the Middle Ages, the Modern Age, and the Present Age. Mainly are analyzed and studied the parti about war and peace of the thoughts, Causes of war in the thoughts are closely examined and a conclusion is drawn. This study is focused on the thoughts of Platen and Aristotle in the Ancient Times, Christian doctrine in the middle Ages, and Ideologies in the Modern Age. In the Present Age it is focused on Communism, Fascism, National Socialism, and Democracy. 3. The author found out the things as follows. 1) In the Ancient Times : Man tried to prevent war for peace mainly by the perfect virtue - realization of social justice, impartial distribution of wealth, etc. The idea could never be realized, so wars went on without stopping. 2) In the Middle Ages : Wars were due to the conflict between the behaviours trying to escape from the theocentric thoughts and the pressure to them. 3) In the Modern Age : The contradictions of the ideologies caused war. 4) In the Present Age : In Communism, Causes of war lie in the doctrine itself. In Fascism or National Socialism, they lie in the emphasis on Irrationalism, Myth, and the Folk. In Democracy, they lie in the lack of liberalism and in the undermocratic factors involved in democracy. 4. Man has endeavoured to prevent war for peace since the beginning of history, but it is impossible to attain absolute peace. We can only attain approximative peace. If we attempts self-righteously to attain absolute peace, the attempt itself will, inevitably, cause war or conflict.