생사수율의 추정에 관한 연구

송기언,이인전 한국잠사학회 1969 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.10 No.-

본 연구는 우리나라산 잠견에 대한 생사수율의 합리적인 추정방법을 구명하기 위한 연구로서 잠견의 생사수율과 높은 상관관계가 있는 견중(x$_1$), 견층중(x$_2$), 견층비율(x$_3$)의 3개 형질을 측정하고 이들 형질이 생사수율에 미치는 가중치를 중회귀방정식에 의하여 산출하여 생사수율을 추정할 수 있는 다음과 같은 여러 가지 공식을 얻었다. 1. 춘잠견에 있어서의 생사수율(y) 추정 견중 200Cg 이상의 경우…… y= 12.92+0.0863x$_1$+0.2135x$_2$+2.1137x$_3$ 견중 180~200Cg의 경우…… y=18.59+0.1354x$_1$+0.0763x$_2$+1,7397x$_3$ 견중 160~180Cg의 경우…… y=133.39-0.4400x$_1$+2.6595x$_2$-3.4364x$_3$ 견중 160Cg이하의 경우…… y=71.74-0.2113x$_1$+1.3100x$_2$-0.0101x$_3$ 2. 추잠견에 있어서의 생사수율(y) 추정 견중 180~200Cg의 경우…… y=214.07-0.8078x$_1$+4.1664x$_2$-6.8299x$_3$ 견중 160~180Cg의 경우…… y=40.16-0.0264x$_1$+0.1896x$_2$+1.9299x$_3$ 견중 130~160Cg의 경우…… y=86.64-0.3352x$_1$+1.6104x$_2$-0.2110x$_3$ 견중 130Cg 이하의 경우…… y= 207.76-1.4579x$_1$+7.7811x$_2$-6.9496x$_3$ The purpose of this study is to find out reasonable method for the estimation of silk yield in cocoon layer. Two season's cocoons were used as the materials, and three characters, cocoon weight (X$_1$), cocoon layer weight (X$_2$), and cocoon layer ratio (X$_3$) were studied. The formulae to estimate the silk yield of cocoon weight are as follows: 1. Estimation of silk yield in cocoon weight of the spring cocoons. 1). the case of cocoon weight 200 cg above; Y= 12.93+0.0863X$_1$+0.2135X$_2$+2.1137X$_3$ 2). the case of cocoon weight 180~200 cg; Y= 18.59+0.1354X$_1$+0.0763X$_2$+1.7397X$_3$ 3). the case of cocoon weight 160~180 cg; Y= 133.39-0.4400X$_1$+2.6595X$_2$-3.4364X$_3$ 4). the case of cocoon weight 160 cg under; Y-71.74-0.213X$_1$+1.3100X$_2$-0.0101X$_3$ 2. Estimation of silk yield in cocoon weight of the autumn cocoons. 1). the case of cocoon weight 180~200 cg; Y=214.07-0.8078X$_1$+4.1664X$_2$-6.8229X$_3$ 2). the case of cocoon weight 160~180 cg; Y=40.16-0.0264X$_1$+0.1896X$_2$+1.9299X$_3$ 3). the case of cocoon weight 130~160 cg; Y= 86.64-0.3352X$_1$+1.6104X$_2$-0.2110X$_3$ 4). the case of cocoon weight 130cg under; Y=207.76-1.4579X$_1$+7.7811X$_2$-6.9496X$_3$

A Retrospective Study of Luxation Injuries in Primary Teeth: Prognosis with Splinting

송기언,남옥형,김미선,이효설,김광철,최성철 대한소아치과학회 2017 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.44 No.2

This study investigated the prognosis of luxation injuries in primary teeth treated with splinting. This study retrospectively analyzed 92 children with luxation injuries to their primary teeth who were treated with splints between 2010 and 2015. Prognoses were analyzed in patients who had been followed for more than 6 months. The prognoses with splinting were based on clinical and radiographic evaluations performed during the follow-up examinations. The mean patient age was 42.1 months, and 67.4% were male. The most common cause of luxation injury was falling, and the mean splint duration was 2.4 weeks. The success rate of splinting was 58.9%. The highest rate of success was achieved following subluxation, while repositioning and splinting of lateral luxation had the lowest rate of success. Pulp necrosis was the most common unfavorable prognosis in the luxation injuries. Depending upon the type of luxation, splint therapy had acceptable prognoses and might be a feasible treatment option.

Management of Premature Loss of Primary Molars with Flexible Denture

송기언(Kiun Song),남옥형(Okhyung Nam),김미선(Misun Kim),이효설(Hyoseol Lee),최성철(Sungchul Choi) 大韓小兒齒科學會 2016 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.43 No.2

Early loss of a primary second molar can cause mesial drift or tilting of the permanent first molar. We present a case of the early loss of the mandibular primary molars in a 5-year-old girl. The patient required extraction of the mandibular left primary first and second molars due to folliculitis on the successors. A flexible denture was used for eruption guidance of the permanent first molar and the recovery of masticatory function simultaneously. 제2유구치의 조기상실은 제1대구치의 근심이동이나 근심경사를 야기할 수 있다. 5세 여아에서 다수의 하악 유구치 조기상실 증례를 보고하는 바이다. 환아는 계승 영구치의 소포염으로 인해 하악 좌측 제1유구치와 제2유구치의 발거가 필요하였다. 탄성의치를 이용하여 저작 기능을 회복하는 동시에 제1대구치의 맹출을 유도하였다.

한국원료견질(韓國原料繭質)에 적응(適應)하는 자동조사(自動繰絲) 공정관리(工程管理)의 구명(究明)에 관한 연구(硏究)

송기언 ( Ki Eun Song ) 한국잠사학회 1975 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.17 No.1

본 연구는 우리나라 원료견질에 적합한 자동조사공정관리조건을 구명하기 위하여 원자견의 결서특성을 조사하고, 이를 기초로 하여 자동조사성적에 기여도가 높은 제사용수, 자견정도 및 조사탕온도와 조사속도 그리고 고치의 대사기능 등의 개선으로 생사량비율과 조사능률을 향상시키고저 실험한 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. (1) 우리 나라 잠견의 년도별 평균 해서율은 61%이었으며 추잠견이 64.7%로서 추잠견 57.3%보다 양호하였으나 추잠견은 춘잠견보다 해서율의 변이폭이 컸었다. (2) 잠견의 낙서회수는 해서율과 정의 상관을 보이었고 그 낙서분포는 해서의 양부를 불문하고 모두 내층낙서가 많은 J자형의 분포를 보이었으며 해서가 불량하여지는 데 따라서 내층낙서가 많았다. (3) 잠견의 낙서형태는 사조절단 유형에 따라 6가지 형태로 분류되었으며 그 출현율은 편평견사형태의 것이 가장 많았고 원인불명의 것이 가장 적었다. (4) 원료견의 해서별 저견용수로서는 해서양호견은 H형연수, 해서중용견은 H형연수 및 Na형연수의 동율혼합수, 해서불량견은 Na형연수가 좋았다. (5) 유형별 제사용수의 개선 및 조정에 있어서 중용형수는 Na형연수 50%와 H형연수 50% 혼합수, 용해형수는 Na형연수 25%와 H형연수 75% 혼합수, 조경형수는 Na형연수 75%와 H형연수 25% 혼합수에 자견하므로서 생사량비율을 향상시키면서 사조고장을 감소시킬 수 있었다. (6) 자동조사 색서탕에 sodium hexametaphosphate를 800 ppm 증가하므로서 색서효율 및 조사능률과 조사량비율을 향상시킬 수 있었으며 그 효과는 해서양호견보다 해서불양견에서 컸다. (7) 자동조사에 있어서 원료견의 해서별 자견정도 및 조사탕온도는 해서량호견일 때 약자, 해서불량견일 때 적자로 하여 조사탕온도를 높이는 것이 합리적이었다. (8) 원료견 결서에 따른 생사량비율 및 조사능률을 감안한 합리적인 조사속도는 해서양호견일 때 150m/min내외, 해서중용견일 때 120m/min내외, 해서불량견일 때 90~120m/min내외이었다. (9) 자동조사에 있어서 견소비 대사기능의 한 조건으로서 급견기내의 대기견점유정도를 변화시킨 결과 해서양호견은 40%, 해서불량견은 65%정도로 유지하면서 무서견혼입율을 저하시킬 때 생사량비율과 조사능율을 향상시킬 수 있었다. These studies were attempted to find out the optimum silk reeling system by use of automatic silk reeling machine to increase raw silk yield and reeling efficiency with various silk reelable cocoons. The obtained results are as follows; 1. The mean silk reelability ratio(X)of the Korean cocoons during the last ten years was 61 per cent, beside 64.7 per cent in autumn cocoon and 57.3 per cent in spring cocoon. However, the ratio variation of autumn cocoons was larger than that of spring cocoons. 2. A positive correlation between cocoon filament breaks during its process and silk reelability levels was shown to be significant. The cocoons of both poor and good reelability evidenced "J" shape distribution on the filament break graph by the order of reeling cocoon end. Many bave breaks were found at the inner shell of the cocoons, or in case of poor reelability cocoons. 3. The morphology of broken cocoon ends during the process was classified into A, B, C, D, E and F types. The occurrence of B type was majority, but that of F type was minority among them. 4. In case of the cocoon cooking, H-type ion-exchanged soft water was better for good reelability cocoons, Na and H-type ion exchanged neutral soft water for those of fair reelability, and alkaline (Na-type) soft water for those of poor reelability, respectively. 5. The modification of cooking water by mixing the above different types of water (50% Na-type and 50% H-type passed by standard natural water; 75% Na-type and 25% H-type passed by hard natural water; 25% Na-type and 75% H-type passed by soluble natural water) made higher yield of raw silk with less breaks of thread. 6. In case cocoon ends groping water included sodium hexametaphosphate as much as 800 ppm, the groping efficiency and raw silk yield of cocoon was improved. The effect was pronounced in case of poor reelability cocoons. 7. The most reasonable cocoon cooking and silk reeling condition for automatic silk reeling process were observed to be rather incomplete cook with good reelability cocoons and optimum cook with poor reelability cocoons succeeded by the reeling bath temperature of 45℃. 8. The reasonable silk reeling velocities were observed to be about 150m per min. for good reelability cocoons, 120m per min. for fair reelability ones. 9. In order to improve the raw silk yield of cocoons and reeling efficiency, the cocoon stand-by-ratio for reeling should be kept at the level of 40 per cent for good reelability cocoons or at 60 per cent for poor reelability ones beside necessary end found cocoon condition.

암호시스템의 키 관리 기술

송기언(Kieon Song),이진우(Jinwoo Lee),곽진(Jin Kwak),양형규(Hyungkyu Yang),원동호(Dongho Won) 한국정보보호학회 2004 情報保護學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

암호시스템의 안전성은 사용하는 키의 안전성을 기반으로 하기 때문에, 키 관리 기술은 암호시스템의 안전성을 제공하기 위한 가장 중요한 요소이다. 그러나 이러한 키 관리 기술의 중요성에도 불구하고 키 생명주기에 따라 이루어지는 통합 키 관리 기술에 대한 연구는 거의 전무한 상태이다. 이에 본 고에서는 암호시스템의 설계 시 적용 가능한 통합 키 관리 기술에 대해 서술한다. 본 고에서 기술하는 키 관리 기술의 구조는 클라이언트ㆍ서버 구조의 소켓을 이용한 통신 시스템과 유사한 형태를 갖고 있기 때문에, 암호시스템에 효율적으로 적용할 수 있는 장점을 가지고 있다. 본 고에서는 먼저, 키 생명 주기와 키 관리의 개념 등에 대하여 설명하고, 이러한 내용을 바탕으로 암호시스템에 효율적으로 적용할 수 있는 통합 키 관리 기술에 대하여 설명하고자 한다.

우리나라 제사공장(製絲工場)의 공정관리(工程管理) 실태(實態)에 관(關)한 조사연구(調査硏究)

송기언 ( Kee Un Song ),이인전 ( In Jeun Rhee ) 한국잠사학회 1970 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.12 No.-

1969년도 우리나라 제사공장의 공정관리 실태를 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1 춘추잠기 공히 최성일을 포함한 5일간(최성일 전후 각 2일)의 출하량이 전공판량의 약 80% 내외이고 최성일의 -3일까지 및 +3일 이후의 출하량은 각각 10% 내외이다. 2. 생견의 운반도로상태는 92% 내외가 비포장도로이고 전 공장이 구견량의 40% 내외를 40km 이상 되는 공판장에서 트럭으로 운반하고 있는 실정이므로 생견수송 중의 격동에 의한 견질손상을 최소한으로 감소시킬 수 있는 생견의 새로운 포장방법이 청구되어야 할 것이다. 3. 전공장의 22%가 생사품위의 저하요인이 되고 있는 저온건조고만을 설치하고 있는 실정이므로 이들 공장에 대한 열풍건견기의 설치는 시급하다고 본다. 4. 원료견의 가일조제방법은 50% 내외가 정상(1.2.3.4 등견), 정하(5.6 등견)로 구분하고 있는바 우리나라의 견질성상으로 볼 때 정상(1.2 등견), 정중(3.4 등견) 정하(5.6 등견)로 구분하여 조제하는 방향으로 개선시켜야 될 것이다. 5. 선제견비율은 다조조사용이 10% 내외 자동조사용이 15% 내외로서 다조용보다 자동용이 높았으며 대 1인당 1일 선견능력은 약 80~100kg이었다. 6. 자견조건은 원료견의 해서가 불량할수록 자견시간 자견압력 및 자견온도가 높았으며 자동조사용 및 옥사조사용의 원료견은 다조조사용의 원료견보다 약자상태이었다. 7. 자동조사가 다조조사보다 1~2℃의 저온에서 약 2배의 권취속도로 조사하고 있다. 8. 재조온습도는 실내가 25℃, 67.2%RH 기내가 32.3℃ 51.9%RH이었고 권취속도는 233m/min 대 1인당 담당창수는 7.5창이었으며 타래의 형태는 전 공장이 배인이었다. 9. 제사용수의 용수원은 약 75%가 지하수이고 정수시설이 미비되어 있는 공장이 약 48%인바 이들 공장에 대한 정수시설의 완비는 시급한 과제이다. 10. 대부분의 공장이 자체검사시설로서 검위형, 무척기 Seriplane 검사시설을 보유하고 있다. 11. 진공삼투기는 전공장의 90% 이상이 재조공정에서 약 20% 공장이 자견공정에서 활용하고 있다. 12. 제사공정에서 화학약제를 사용하는 공장은 약 21%에 불과하며 사용하는 약제는 대부분의 공장이 자견과정에서는 Seracol "100"을 재조과정에서는 Seracol "500"이었다. 13. 이상의 조사결과를 종합하여 볼 때 공정관리 면에서는 각제사공장간에 큰 차이를 나타내고 있으므로 강습회 등을 통한 각 공장간의 기술교류는 우리나라 제사업의 생산성을 제고시키는 한 요인이 될 것이다. The processing management forms of our country`s filature factories in 1969 are summarized as follows. (1) About 80% of total cocoon collection is made within 5 days involving peak day, and 10% of cocoon collection is finished until 3 days before and after the peak day. (2) About 92% of alive cocoons transported on unpaved road, and about 40% of the cocoons purchased by all factories are loaded on trucks from common selling station which is far beyond 40km, therefore a new packing system of alive cocoons to drop the damage of cocoon qualities, should be taken. (3) 22% of all factories in our country have only low-temperature cocoon drying machine. Therefore the installment of hot-air cocoon drying machine is required urgently. (4) In view of cocoon qualities in our country, the grouping method of cocoon for reeling, taken by about 50% of the factories at percent, which classify cocoons for reeling as high group (1,2,3,4 grades) and low group(5,6 grades), will have to be replaced by the method tat classify them high group (1,2 grades) middle group (3,4 grades), low group (5,6 grades). (5) The ratio of cocoon assorting stood about 10% in multi-ends reeling, about 15% in automatic reeling, conclusively, the ratio of cocoon assorting for automatic reeling was higher tan that for multi-ends reeling. One person`s ability for a day in cocoon assorting reaches to about 80-100kg. (6) Cocoon cooking condition requires the increase of the cooking time, the pressure and temperature used to be prolonged as much as the qualities of cocoons are material cocoon for automatic and double cocoon machines are treated uncompletely. (7) Automatic silk reeling is being performed at 1-2℃ lower in reeling water temperature and operated at about twice velocity. (8) The temperature and humidity of rereeling room stood at 25℃, 67.2% R.H and 32.3℃, 51.9% R.H of rereeling machine are showed, Average rereeling velocity is 233m/min and large reefs charged for one person are 7.5 reels and form of skein used in all factories is double skein. (9) About 75% of water sources for filature used under-earth water. About 48% of all filature factories in our country have not yet water purifying equipments. Installation of the equipment for these factories seems to be urgent. (10) Denier balance, sizing reel, seriplane, are being used in most factories as self-inspection apparatus. (11) More than 90% of the factories use the vacum tank in rereeling process and about 20% of them use it in cocoon cooing process (12) Only 21% of the factories use chemicals in filature process. About all them use "Seracol 100" in cocoon cooking process and "Seracol 500" in rereeling process, (13) Above survey results explain each all factories show large difference in the processing management. Therefore, it is believed that intercommunication through seminar or technical exchange will contribute to the production evaluation of cocoon in our filature industry.

繭絲副産物을 利用한 絹織物開發에 關한 硏究

南重熙,宋基彦 農科大學 農業開發硏究所 1981 農業開發硏究 報告書 Vol.2 No.1

견 Fibroin의 효소분해에 관한 연구 I. 인공사료조성에 의한 Fibroin 분해율의 차이

이용우,송기언,마석일,남중희 한국잠사학회 1975 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The study was carried out to investigate the effects of various compositions of artificial diet for silkworms on the cocoon shell fibroin-hydrolyzing with the proteolytic enzyme. The obtained results are summarized as follows: 1. It was found that the fibroin-hydrolyzing ratio of the cocoon shell made by silkworms fed with artificial diets was lower than that of the cocoon shell made by silkworms fed with natural diet (mulberry leaf) 2. The amount of soybean meal in the artificial diet was negatively related to the sericin content of cocoon shell but it scarcely affected on the fibroin-hydrolyzing ratio. 3. The increase of sucrose in the artificial diet reduced the sericin content of cocoon shell but it didn't influence on the fibroin-hydrolyzing ratio. 4. A significant difference between male and female silkworms fed with artificial diets was found in the sericin content of cocoon shell but it was not approved in tile fibroin-hydrolyzing ratio. 5. The artificial diet containing 8 per cent of mulberry leaf powder increased the fbroin-hydrolyzing ratio more than that containing 10 per cent of mulberry leaf powder or that containing 8 per cent of mulberry leaf powder and a little of methionine did. 6. The artificial diet for all instars of silkworms increased the fibroin-hydrolyzing ratio more than the artificial diet for 1st to 3rd instars and natural diet (mulberry leaf) for the rest instars did. 인공사료조성차이가 견층 fibroin의 효소분해에 미치는 영향을 구명코저 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 인공사료육잠견의 fibroin효소분해율은 상엽육잠견에 비하여 낮은 수준에 있다. 2. 인공사료의 soybean meal함량과 견층 fibroin효소분해율과는 거의 상관이 없었으나 견층 sericin함유량과는 부의 상관이 인정되었다. 3. 인공사료의 sucrose함량과 견층 sericin함유량과는 부의 상관이 있었으나 견층 fibroin효소분해율과는 상관이 인정되지 않았다. 4. 인공사요 육잠견의 자웅별로 fibroin효소 분해율에서는 유의차가 없었지만 Sericin함유량은 자>웅이었다. 5. 인공사료 조성에 있어서 상엽분말을 8%함유한 구는 10%구와 8%구에 methionine을 첨가한 구에 비하여 fibroin효소분해율이 높았다. 6. 1령부터 3령까지 인공사료와 4 및 5령은 상엽사육잠견의 fibroin효소분해율은 전령 인공사료육잠견에 비하여 높았다.

비닐 單量體 그라프트 重合絹의 物性에 관한 硏究

李龍雨,宋基彦 한국잠사학회 1985 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.27 No.1

The physical properties of graft polymerized silk fibre were investigated with various vinyl monomers. 1. The graft polymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate onto raw silk reduced the tenacity and elongation of raw silk due to fixation of sericin covering silk fibroin, but the styrenegrafting was more effective for sericin fixation of raw silk than the methyl methacrylate one. 2. The water absorbability of glycidyl methacrylate grafted silk increased 14.6% greater than that of methyl methacrylate grafted silk at the same degree of grafting polymerization. 3. The degree of grafting polymerization was increased mostly with ethylene glycol methacrylate. The water absorbability of ethylene glycol methacrylate grafted silk was higher than that of glycidyl methacrylate or ethyl acrylate grafted silk. But the grafted silk fabric increased the fabric flexural rigidity which was negatively related with the favorability of fabric hand·touch, as compared with that of nongrafted silk fabric. 4. The evenness of graft polymerization could be improved by agitating the polymerization bath at the fixed interval by reducing the inter size deviation of grafted silk skein and the thickness deviation of grafted silk fabric.

絹의 酵素 精練에 관한 硏究

李龍雨,宋基彦,鄭仁模 한국잠사학회 1986 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.28 No.1

The studies were carried out to screen the optimum conditions for enzymatic degumming of raw silk yarn and silk fabric by use of Alkalase, a protease produced by Bacteria, comparing with Papain and Trypsin representing natural proteolytic enzymes. 1. The optimum temperature and acidity of degumming solution were 70°C, pH 5-6 for Papain degumming, 40°C, pH 8 for Trypsin and 50~60°C pH 8-9 for Alkalase. 2. By increasing the Alkalase concentration in the range of 0.6 to 1.0 gram per liter, the time for enzymatic degumming of silk yarn could be reduced by 40 minutes. 3. In degumming of silk yarn by Alkalase, the pretreatment of 95°C, 10 minutes at 0.1% sodium bicarbonate solution or posttreatent of 80°C, 20 minutes at 2% (o.w.f.) sodium silicate solution improved the efficiency of enzymatic degumming, as compared to that of nontreatment. 4. The breaking strength, elongation and Lousiness results of enzymatically degummed silk yarn were apt to be improved more than those of soap-degummed one. 5. When the pretreatment of alkaline solution was done with over 20% of degumming ratio, the enzymatic degumming efficiency of both Havutae and Crepe de chine could be reached to the same level with those of soap-soda degummed. 6. As the pretreated silk fabric with 20% of degumming ratio was under action of three proteases, respectively, the degumming efficiency of Havutae and Crepe de chine were completed by Alkalase more than by Papain or Trpysin. 7. The stiffness of enzymatically degummed Crepe de chine was not only reduced by 17% more than that of soap·soda degummed one but also the Drape coefficient was decreased in enzymatically degummed fabrics, which was closely related with the soft touch of degummed fabrics.