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펄프의 종류 및 초기 캘린더링이 리사이클 섬유의 특성에 미치는 영향
손상돈,안병준,백기현 한국펄프종이공학회 1999 펄프.종이기술 Vol.31 No.4
This study was intended to investigated the effect of pulp type and intital calendering on the properties of recycled fiber. As the number of recycling is increased, at least by the fourth recycling , the freeness of the SW-BKP and HW-BKP increased. And then that decrease after the fifth recycling. Especially the freeness of CTMP increased more rapidly than any other pulp in first recycling. And there was no difference of freeness in all kind of pulp by initial calendering . The speed of dewatering in making sheet consistetly became slow by proceeding recycling on condition of all calendering. and the order of the speed of dewatering was as followed. CTMP>HW-BKP>SW-BKP. However in case of HW-BKP, which was low -yield pulp, the tendency of the speed of dewatering was similar to that of CTMP which was high-yield pulp and had high content lignin . There was no change of fiber length and no effect of calendering by recycling of HW-BKP and CTMP. Howeverfiber length of SW-BKP generally decreased, especially in calendering of high temperature and high pressure conditions. The WRV of SW-BKP diminished by proceeding recycling but that of HW-BKP and CTMP diminished in the first recycling and then there was no change of the WRV of HW-BKP and CTMP. The contents of fines of HW-BKP consistently decreased by the fourth recycling and then increased in the fifth recycling . On the other hand there was no tendency in the content of fines of SW-BKP and CTMP by the number of recycling.
여러 가지 보류시스템에서 탄산칼슘의 보류와 종이의 기계적 , 광학적 특성의 비교
백기현,안병준,손상돈 ( Ki Hyon Paik,Byoung Jun Ahn,Sang Don Shon ) 한국공업화학회 1996 공업화학 Vol.7 No.2
본 실험에서는 보류향상제의 첨가량과 중질 탄산칼슘 첨가량에 따른 탄산칼슘 보류량(회분함량)을 조사하였으며, 동일 회분량에서 종이의 기계적·광학적 특성을 비교하였다. 각 보류시스템 모두 보류향상제 첨가량을 증가시키면 중질 탄산칼슘(입자평균직경 3.2㎛) 보류, 즉 종이의 회분량은 증가한다. 이 경우 보류향상제와 중질 탄산칼슘 첨가량을 조절하여 이미 예정된 회분량이 함유된 종이를 초지할 수 있다. 종이의 인장지수, 파열지수, 인열지수 및 내부결합강도는 종이의 회분량이 증가됨에 따라 직선적으로 감소한다. 특히 동일 회분량에서 비교하면, 콤포질 시스템에 의한 종이에서 제반 강도가 높고, 듀알 폴리머 시스템에서는 강도가 낮다. 불투명도는 회분량 증가에 따라 함께 증가하며, 하이드로콜 시스템에서 가장 높고 역시 듀알 폴리머에서 가장 낮다. 동일 불투명도에서 종이의 강도는 콤포질, 하이드로콜, 듀알 폴리머 시스템 순으로 감소한다. 그러나 보류향상제의 우열을 판단하기 위해서는 충전제의 보류량과 종이의 강도 이외에도 적정 생산조건 및 적정 공정조건과 같은 여러 가지 다른 요인들도 고려되어야 한다. In this paper, we investigated the retention amounts(ash contents) according to the addition amounts of retention aid and calcium carbonate and compared the mechanical and optical properties of sheets under the same ash content. As the addition amounts of retention aid increase, the retention of calcium carbonate, that is, ash contents of sheets increase in all retention system. In this case, the sheets included ash content as already expected is produced by adjusting the addition amounts of retention aid and calcium carbonate. Tensile index, burst index, tear index, internal bonding strength of sheets straightly decrease as the ash content of sheets increases. Especially, in the same ash content, all sorts of strength are high in compozil system, low in dual polymer system. Opacity increases along with according to the increase of ash content, and is high in hydrocol system, the worst in dual polymer system. In equal opacity, the strength of paper decreases compozil, hydrocol, and dual polymer system in order. But to judge the superiority or inferiority of retention aids, it should consider the various factors such as the optimum production and process conditions besides the retention amounts of filler and the sheet strength.
신문용지 생산에 있어서 국내 신문고지 혼입량 증대에 관한 연구
백기현,김용석,안병준,손상돈 한국펄프종이공학회 1999 펄프.종이기술 Vol.31 No.1
This study was performed to investigate the deinkability of Korean old newspaper(KONP) and the properties of newsprint made from deinked pulp with some addition of virgin pulp. When the samples of composed of 50% Australian old magazine(AuOMG) and 50% KONP were compared with the samples 50% AuOMG and 50% AuONP, the yield, opacity, strength properties of the former were high, but its brightness was low. When the mixing ratio of AuOMG : AuONP : KONP was 30:20:50, the brightness and strength properties were obtained the similar or better than those obtained samples having other mixing ratio. The brightness and opacity of samples made from deinked pulp with the some addition of TMP and BKP can meet the minium qualifications of brightness and opacity specified by Japanese Industrial Standard. The samples, which DIP, TMP, and KP were mixed with the ratio of the 85:10:5 and 90:5:5, maintained higher brightness and strength comparing to the samples containing higher amount of virgin pulp. Since the newsprint samples made from KONP was not inferior to those from imported old newspaper, the more use of KONP in producing newsprint is recommended.
응결제 전처리가 PAE 고분자의 흡착평형 및 지료 분산성에 미치는 영향
윤성훈 ( Yun Seong Hun ),손상돈 ( Son Sang Don ),임지원 ( Im Ji Won ),이병철 ( Lee Byeong Cheol ) 한국공업화학회 2003 공업화학 Vol.14 No.7
본 연구는 습부 지료내 polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin (PAE) 고분자의 흡착에 대한 열역학적 특성과 계면-동전위적 성향을 분석하고 응결제의 흡착자리 억제 효과가 고분자 흡착 및 지료 분산성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 수행되었다. 교반식 용기내에 섬유 현탁액을 담아 고분자 흡착 실험을 수행하였고 PAE 고분자 흡착에 대한 Langmuir식 및 Freundlich식의 등온 흡착 상수를 결정하였다. 지료의 제타전위와 고분자 흡착량 측정을 위해 흐름 전위 차계와 PCD적정계를 각각 사용하였다. 또한, 응결제인 polyaluminum choride (PAC), poly-dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride (poly-DADMAC) 및 polyamine-epichlorohydrin을 각각 자료에 전처리하고 수초지를 제조하여 지료 분산 안정성을 측정하였다. 지료내에서의 PAE 고분자 내첨은 초기에 제타전위를 크게 상승시키고 전위를 반전시키지만 시간의 경과와 함께 현저한 감쇄현상을 나타내었다. PAE 고분자는 저온에서 pseudo-Langmuir 흡착 거동을 보여주었으나 온도가 증가하면서 Freundlich 시수항인 v값이 점차 높아지는 결과를 나타내었다. PAE 고분자에 대한 Gibbs 흡착 자유에너지로부터 산출한 트레인 수(N_(seg))는 상온에서 약 7~8로 나타났으며 온도가 증가하면서 감소하였고 고분자 고리의 노출반경은 약 215 nm로서 온도 10 ℃ 상승에 대해 약 9%씩 증가하였다. PAE 고분자의 흡착 엔탈피는 -27~29 kJ/mol로서 저에너지 물리흡착임이 구명되었다. Polyaluminum chloride (PAC)를 전처리한 지료는 PAC 전처리 수준이 증가함에 따라 최대 포화-흡착량, 흡착 엔트로피 및 트레인 수가 감소하였고, PAE 내첨 수초지 실험에서 응결제 전처리에 의해 보류효과가 약 3% 증가하였으며, 섬유 분산성은 약 8%까지 증가하였는데 이는 생산 공장 적용 실험 결과(8.6% 증가)와 일치하였다. The adsorption thermodynamic properties of polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin(PAE) polymer were investigated in an attempt to evaluate the paper-making fiber dispersion stability influenced by a coagulant site-blocking impact. The polymer adsorption experiments were conducted in a stirred jar containing an aqueous fibrous suspension and evaluated in terms of Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption parameters. The zeta potential and the adsorbed amounts of PAE polymer on fiber were measured by using a streaming potential measurement and a polyelectrolytic PCD titration, respectively. Laboratory handsheet test was conducted to examine the effect of coagulant pretreatment on the stock disperison stability, in which three different types of coagulant including polyaluminum chloride(PAC), poly-dimethyldiallyl ammonium chloride(poly-DADMAC) and polyamine-epichlorohydrin were employed. The zeta potential of a stock, being varied significantly depending upon the addition of PAE polymer, showed initially a sharp increase and later an exponential decay as a function of time. The PAE adsorption exhibited a pseudo-Langmuir adsorption behavior at 20℃, whereas its Freundlich power(v) increawed in a proportional way at an elevated temperature. With the train numbers of 7 to 8, the length of the extended loop of PAE was determined as 215㎚ at 20℃ and increased at a rate of 9% at every 10℃ rise in temperature. The PAE adsorption was proven to be an exothermic physisorption with an adsorption enthalpy of -27 to -29kJ/㏖. The coagulant addition presumable influenced the conformation of PAE polymer to be extended into the liquid phase and potentially led to the steric hindrance effect among adjacent fibers. About an 8% increase in the sheet uniformity and about a 3% gain in the retention rate could be achieved with the coagulant pretreatment in handsheet experiments. The conclusion was strongly supported by the results obtained from the papermachine trial conducted at one of the domestic paper mills.