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설향숙(Hyang Sook Seol),장인호(In Ho Chang) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2020 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.18 No.2
Bladder cancer, which affects the bladder mucosa, is the ninth most common disease worldwide. There are many types of cancerous tissue in the bladder. Most exhibit low malignancy, but their recurrence rate is higher in comparison to more malignant tissues. Only 10%-15% progress to invasive bladder cancer and metastasize to the lung, liver, and bone, which is significantly difficult to treat. The anticancer efficacy developed for the treatment of highly malignant bladder cancer does not equally apply to all patients, and the side effects vary. To solve this problem, studies have been conducted on various verification systems and patient-specific drug development. For example, an organ-on-a-chip model using patient cancer cells is being actively researched as an anticancer drug verification system. A study on screening anticancer drugs according to cancer biomarkers unique to individual patients is also in progress. In addition, studies have recently been conducted on immune anticancer drugs that exhibit excellent anticancer efficacy. This report discusses various validation systems and drug screening criteria for the development of patient-specific drugs. We propose that it is possible to evaluate the efficacy of anticancer drugs for each patient, understand drug mechanism patterns in humans, and develop treatment that prevents cancer metastasis.
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