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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : 사라루이스아툴바 ( Sarah Louise Atulba ) (검색결과 3 건)
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구두 발표 : 구두발표(OA) - 농업환경 및 토양,수질 분야 ; 토양 산화환원 전위 변화에 따른 벼의 철 흡수 조절인자로서 근권산화력 평가
사라루이스아툴바 ( Sarah Louise Atulba ),제시구티어레즈 ( Jessie Gutierrez ),김길원 ( Gil Won Kim ),김필주 ( Pil Joo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
Phosphorus is an essential macronutrient commonly precipitated with Fe, Ca and Al. Generally applied chemical amendments such as of FeCl3, CaCO3 and Al were known to effectively reduce soluble P in soil solutions. However, in the paddy fields with permanent reduced soil conditions, Fe solubility as well as the availability or solubility of P increase as these elements are reduced and converted into more soluble forms. Similar effects can be observed in Fe and Mn which are essential micronutrients whose dynamics can be affected by the redox condition of the soil. Iron and Mn are required by plants in trace amounts however, with the developing reduced condition in paddy soils, their solubility increase which may lead to subsequent toxicity effects of the excessive uptake of these micronutrients by plants. It has been reported that roots can oxidize various compounds present in the soil which serves as a defense mechanism of rice against toxic substances such as Fe2+, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and others. This study hypothesized that the oxidizing potential of rice roots may act as a regulator of ions influenced by soil redox changes. A mini rhizotron experiment was conducted to evaluate the oxidizing potential of six rice cultivars (Chuchung, Dongjin, Junam, Ilmi, Nampyeong & Samkwang). The root oxidized area was obtained through digital image analysis using Adobe Photoshop CS5 and image analyzer (http://mkwak.org/imgarea/analysis.php). Iron, P and Mn contents were determined by chemical and ICP analyses. Cultivars with high root oxidize area showed higher Fe content on the surface of the roots (Fe plaque). Iron plaque has a positive correlation with the external P and Mn contents of the roots and a negative correlation with the inner root P and Mn. Conclusively, root oxidizing potential of rice enhances the formation of Fe plaque on the surface of the roots. The Fe plaques served as a reservoir of P and Mn for plant uptake however in higher amounts, it serves as a barrier on the root surface to prevent excessive uptake of toxic elements from the soil.
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구두 발표 : 구두발표(OA) - 농업환경 및 토양,수질 분야 ; 논 토양에서 벼 품종이 메탄 방출량에 미치는 영향
제시구티어레즈 ( Jessie Gutierrez ),김상윤 ( Sang Yoon Kim ),사라루이스아툴바 ( Sarah Louise Atulba ),황현영 ( Hyun Young Hwang ),김길원 ( Gil Won Kim ),김필주 ( Pil Joo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
We assessed the effect of eight Japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars on CH4 emission in typical mono-rice paddy soil based on our hypothesis that the CH4 flux may differ significantly among rice cultivars because each rice cultivar has different physiological and anatomical characteristics and may differently affect the microbial abundance involved in the CH4 dynamics in paddy soil. The rice cultivation experiment was conducted over 3 years (2010-2012) at the Duryang Experimental Station, Gyeongsang National University, Sacheon, South Korea. Eight cultivars selected included the late-maturing (135 days) such as Chuchung, Dongjin, Ilmi, Junam, Nampyeong, Samkwang, and early-maturing like Odae and Woonkwang cultivars. A closed chamber method (Ali et al., 2009) was used to estimate CH4 fluxes for the entire cropping periods. For determining CH4 production potentials, methanogens abundance and activity, total carbohydrates and dissolved organic C in soil and organic acids in solution solutions were analyzed. Methanotrophs abundance and activity in soil, dissolved CH4 and CO2 in soil solution as well as root oxidation area were investigated by rhizobox and digital image analysis experiment for characterizing CH4 consumption capacity. The overall patterns of CH4 emission rates were similar among the cultivars for each year. A typical CH4 emission pattern was observed, in which, CH4 emission rates were lower at the initial vegetative stage, rapidly increased with the developing anaerobic soil condition and plant growth, and peaked at the maximum heading stage of the rice plant. The CH4 emissions then rapidly returned to background levels at harvesting stage. The mean CH4 emission rates (0.15-0.37 g m-2day-1) and total CH4 fluxes (20.0-50.0 g m-2) varied significantly among the cultivars (P<0.05). Methane fluxes were directly affected by the substrate-producing potential and gas transport capacity of each cultivar rather than the external plant growth variables. With regards to CH4 production, methanogen abundances, carbohydrates and dissolved organic C in soil and total organic acids in soil solution differed significantly among the cultivars. While with regards to CH4 consumption, dissolved[CH4] and [CO2] in soil solution as well as root oxidation area differed significantly among cultivars. Methane fluxes were highly positively correlated with methanogen abundances, soil carbohydrates and dissolved organic Cs, and total organic acids in soil solutions while negatively correlated with methanotrophs abundance in soil, [CO2]-C/ [CO2 + CH4]-C in soil solution and root oxidized area, but not with any of the apparent plant growth parameters. Rice cultivar and growth stage did not have an influence on the community structures of methanogens and methanotrophs. In conclusion, the selection and development of a cultivar with lower CH4 flux may be an effective countermeasure for decreasing CH4 emissions from rice paddy soil.
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