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      • KCI등재

        Synthesis of Porous $TiO_2$ Thin Films Using PVC-g-PSSA Graft Copolymer and Their Use in Dye-sensitized Solar Cells

        변수진,서진아,지원석,설용건,김종학,Byun, Su-Jin,Seo, Jin-Ah,Chi, Won-Seok,Shul, Yong-Gun,Kim, Jong-Hak The Membrane Society of Korea 2011 멤브레인 Vol.21 No.2

        원자전달 라디칼 중합(ATRP)에 의해 poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) 주사슬과 poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) 곁사슬로 되어있는 양쪽성 PVC-g-PSSA 가지형 공중합체를 합성하였다. PVC-g-PSSA 가지형 공중합체 고분자를 템플레이트로 사용하고 졸겔법을 적용하여, 결정성 아타네제상의 미세기공 이산화티타튬 필름을 제조하였다. $TiO_2$ 전구체인 TTIP를 친수성인 PSSA 영역과 선택적으로 작용시켜 $TiO_2$ 메조기공 필름을 성장하였으며, 이를 주사전자 현미경 (SEM)과 엑스레이회절 (XRD)분석을 통해 분석하였다. 스핀코팅 횟수와 P25 도입에 따른 염료감응 태양전지 성능을 체계적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 준고체 고분자 전해질을 이용하였을 때, 100 mW/$cm^2$ 조건에서 에너지 변환 효율이 2.7%에 이르렀다. An amphiphilic graft copolymer comprising a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) backbone and poly (styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) side chains (PVC-g-PSSA) was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Mesoporous titanium dioxide $(TiO_2)$ films with crystalline anatase phase were synthesized via a sol-gel process by templating PVC-g-PSSA graft copolymer. Titanium isopropoxide (TTIP), a $TiO_2$ precursor was selectively incorporated into the hydrophilic PSSA domains of the graft copolymer and grew to form mesoporous $TiO_2$ films, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The performances of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) were systematically investigated by varying spin coating times and the amounts of P25 nanoparticies. The energy conversion efficiency reached up to 2.7% at 100 mW/$cm^2$ upon using quasi-solid-state polymer electrolyte.

      • KCI등재

        Preparation of Ag Nanoparticles by Templating Poly(vinyl chloride)-g-poly(styrene sulfonic acid) Graft Copolymer Membrane

        변수진,서진아,지원석,설용건,김종학,Byun, Su-Jin,Seo, Jin-Ah,Chi, Won-Seok,Shul, Yong-Gun,Kim, Jong-Hak The Membrane Society of Korea 2011 멤브레인 Vol.21 No.1

        원자전달 라디칼 중합(ATRP)에 의해 poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) 주사슬과 poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) 곁사슬로 되어있는 양쪽성 PVC-g-PSSA 가지형 공중합체를 합성하였다. 합성된 고분자 전해질막을 10 wt% $AgNO_3$ 수용액에 담가 은이온으로 이온교환을 하였으며, 환원제를 통하여 은 나노입자를 성장시켰다. UV분광학과 XRD 분석을 통해 은 나노입자 성장을 확인하였다. 투과전자현미경(TEM) 분석결과 $NaBH_4$를 사용하였을 때 10~20 nm 크기의 은 나노입자를 얻는데 가장 효과적임을 알 수 있었다. 또한 은 나노입자의 성장은 환원제의 농도와 환원 시간에 크게 영향을 받았다. An amphiphilic graft copolymer consisting of a poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) backbone and poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA) side chains (PVC-g-PSSA) was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). This polymer electrolyte membrane was ion-exchanged to Ag ions by immersing in 10 wt% $AgNO_3$ aqueous solution and templated the growth of Ag nanoparticles by a reducing agent. The formation of Ag nanoparticles was confirmed using UV-visible spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that utilization of $NaBH_4$ was the most effective in the formation of Ag nanoparticles with 10~15 nm in size. The formation of Ag nanoparticles was also strongly affected by the concentration of reducing agent and reduction time.

      • 빛에 의한 색채표시에 대한 연구

        변수진 ( Byun Su Jin ) 전남대학교 예술연구소 2013 藝術論集 Vol.13 No.-

        The color does not exist if there is no light. The light is the kind of the electromagnetic waves caused y sun energy. Human can feel the some light field as a color, which is called ‘visible light’ between the 380nm~780nm of the entire light frequency area. To feel the color, there should have the light of visible ray field, the object which reflect or absorb the light, and the eye which recognize that object. So, we feel the color by looking at the specific color in our eyesight, when the object reflect or absorb visible light selectively by its own choice. When the object is lightened, it gets the specific color according to reflectance of light wavelength. For example, red object absorb the purple~yellow light, and it only reflect the red light, so we can see that object as a red object. The color specification is defined to classify the color quantitatively, and the value of that classification is called as color specification values. Also color system is defined as the system of serial rules and definition for color specification. The color system is consist of color appearance system and color mixing system. The color appearance system is the method that display the color as a mathematical value for the basis of mixing color. CIE color system is typical method of color appearance system. Color mixing system is the method that classify the color by using the psychology of the human perception. The Muncell`s color system by hue, value, and Chroma is the representative method of color mixing system. The humans gather the important part of the information by using the vision. The color is the very important source at information-delivery system of vision. The color goes through the very complicated recognition process, and the light is very important role in that part. In this study, for understanding of the color, we want to organize color specification and color system of light property systemically.

      • KCI등재
      • KCI등재
      • 천연염료에 의한 직물염색

        변수진 全南大學校 藝術硏究所 2005 藝術論集 Vol.6 No.-

        The current using materials for natural dye are used to dyeing of textile or medicines for a long time. The dyeing with natural material is interested at the intention to health and environment-friendly dyeing process. It has the function of antimicrobial activity, hygiene, insect proofing etc.. at the same time without saying that the aesthetic value. In spite of this advantage, the natural dyeing did not developed for several reason, which was low colorfastness, repeatability burdensomeness, difficult dyeing process, difficulty of material storage, extraction of colorants and treatment with mordant and so on... The natural dye is very complicated because it is mixed by several colorant ingredients. The natural dye classifies according th the tone of color or the dyeing properties, chemical structure of colorants. etc... The very important condition for colorants extraction is the temperature for extraction and time. Most of the natural dye is dyeing in boiled water. Of course the temperature of dyeing liquid is different according to colorant ingredients of natural dye and fabrics. A mordant is the material that was directly processed to fabrics for displaying color matter to be colored certainly on the fabric. The purpose of this study is the use extension and practical use of natural dyeing by the more systematically arrangement about kind and properties of natural dye, extraction method of colorants, process and condition of dyeing, treatment method of mordant and the effect of mordants etc..

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