http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
The Clay Mineralogy of some Low Productive Paddy Soils In Kyonggi-Do
심상칠,김태순,이형구,송기준,발렌시아,Shim, Sang Chil,Kim, Tai Soon,Lee, Hyung Koo,Song, Ki Joon,Valencia, I.G. 한국토양비료학회 1974 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.7 No.3
The samples were taken from the following localities previously classified as "Akiochi" area: Yangpyung, Puchun, and Pyungtaik, all of Kyonggi-do province. Five soil profiles were described in the field, and taken to the laboratory for physical and chemical analysis and mineralogical analysis by X-ray diffraction. The predominant clay minerals consist mainly of illite, vermiculite, chlorites and intergrade with vermiculite, and kaolinite. Illite or mica was found present in all samples and in all horizons. This was identified by the 9.83 to $10{\AA}$ (0.01) and $3.32{\AA}$ (003) basal reflections, Interhorizontal variations in mineral content and crystallinity are illustrated in their respective Xray diffractogram. Comparing the peak intensity, of the $14{\AA}$, $10{\AA}$ and $7{\AA}$ indicated the degree of weathering from the surface to the lower horizons. In general, the weathering of illite on the surface produced less pronounced $10{\AA}$ and $14{\AA}$ peak as compared to the lower horizons. The same may be said with kaolinite. On K-saturation, the $14{\AA}$ peak broadening on the low angle side was observed. This is interpreted to be due to chlorization. Heat treament from $100^{\circ}C$, $200^{\circ}C$, $400^{\circ}C$, $600^{\circ}C$, and $800^{\circ}C$. caused significant changes in the different diffractograms. Heating caused collasped of the $14{\AA}$ to $10{\AA}$ and the appearance of scattered peaks between $10-14{\AA}$. This is interpreted to the presence of vermiculite chlorite intergradient. The complete collapse of the $14{\AA}$ at $800^{\circ}C$ to $10{\AA}$ with increased intensity was attributed to the preservce of vermiculite. The principal difference among the clay minerals in each horizon is the concomitant increase and decrease in intensity with depth of the $14{\AA}$, $10{\AA}$ and $7{\AA}$ diffraction spacings. Apparently the weathering of illite ($10{\AA}$) is resulting in the formation of vermiculite ($14{\AA}$) and the interstratified material being an intermediate stage and the beginning of the formation of vermiculite. Some broadening- in the 17 to $18{\AA}$ was observed in Puchun-1 Pyungtaik-1 and Pyungtaik-2 specially so in the lower horizon in the Ca or Mg-saturated sample. Heated treatment tend to shift this peak to $14{\AA}$ indicating the presence of regular layering of the interstratified complex. The high amount of extractable aluminum and iron coupled with low exchange capacity indicate that iron and aluminum plays an important role in the weathering of these soils and is responsible to the low exchange capacity, high acidity and high phosphate absorptive capacity. The results presented substantiated the weathering sequence of Jackson in that mica ${\rightarrow}$ vermiculite ${\rightarrow}$ chloritezed vermiculite ${\rightarrow}$ kaolinite.
호르게 아꼬스따,알렉산드로 산티스테반,디나 우아나쿠니,미첼 발렌시아,에데르 비야레알,허철호,이범한,남형태,Acosta, Jorge,Santisteban, Alexander,Huanacuni, Dina,Valencia, Michael,Villarreal, Eder,Heo, Chul-Ho,Lee, Bum Han,Nam, Hyeong-Tae 대한자원환경지질학회 2015 자원환경지질 Vol.48 No.2
2013년 현재 페루는 전 세계 3위의 은 생산국으로 연간 생산량은 1억 1,800만 온스이다. 2013년도 기준 안타미나(Antamina; 1,670만 온스), 우추차쿠아(Uchuchacua; 1,200만 온스), 파얀카타(Pallancata; 760만 온스), 아니몬(Anim$\acute{o}$n; 700만 온스), 아르카타(Arcata; 540만 온스) 광산의 순서로 생산량이 많다. 페루의 은 자원량은 총 70억 1,200만 온스로, 이 중 48억 1,200만 온스(전체의 69%)가 마이오세 천열수 광화대와 마이오세 스카른, 교대형 광화대에 배태되어 있다. 2014~2019년 생산에 들어갈 예정인 14개 광업 프로젝트가 있으며 이 프로젝트를 통해 오는 2017년 페루의 은 생산량이 최대 1억 4,800만 온스에 달할 것으로 예상된다. Silver production in Peru was 118 Moz in 2013, which was $3^{rd}$ ranked in the world. Silver production mines which were ranked from $1^{st}$ to $5^{th}$ in Peru in 2013 were Antamina(16.7 Moz), Uchuchacua(12 Moz), Pallancata(7.6 Moz), Anim$\acute{o}$n(7 Moz), and Arcata(5.4 Moz). Total reported silver resources in Peru is about 7,012 Moz, and resources from the belts of Miocene epithermal deposits and the belts of Miocene skarn, replacement and vein deposits are 4,812 Moz, which corresponds to 69% of total resources. There are 14 ongoing projects which will be developed to the production stage from 2014 to 2019. Through these projects, silver production in Peru is expected to be 148 Moz in 2017.