존 로스의 고유명사 음역원칙:『예수셩교 누가복음젼셔』와『예수셩교젼셔』의 누가복음을 중심으로

박형대 한국복음주의신약학회 2013 신약연구 Vol.15 No.4

How to transliterate or transcribe proper nouns in the Bible is still an important issue in Korea because they differently appear among translations. So it would be very important to know what sort of transliteration or transcription history the Korean church has. In this sense, Yesu Syonggyo Nugabogum Chyonsyo (1882) and Yesu Syonggyo Chyonsyo (1887) translated by John Ross must be a good starting point in order to research the proper noun transcription history of the Bibles translated into Korean. Ross published the first Korean Bible, Yesu Syonggyo Nugabogum Chyonsyo (the gospel of Luke), and the first Korean New Testament, Yesu Syonggyo Chyonsyo, with the support of England Bible Society. He thought the proper noun transcriptions of the contemporary Chinese Bible had not been proper. To him, Korean is a very good language to transcribe both Hebrew and Greek proper nouns. So he made a peculiar proper noun transcription system for the Korean Bibles. This study shows what kind of principles he had in order to transcribe the proper nouns in the gospel of Luke, all of which are counted as 161. He mainly considered both the original pronunciation of the Greek words and the Korean people’s pronouncing capacity. Consequently, first of all,most of consonants and vowels were almost perfectly consistently transcribed except ‘sigma’and ‘tau’, ‘epsilon’and ‘eta’. Secondly, on account of Korean pronunciation characteristics, a vowel was often added to a consonant,and pronunciations such as l, f, and c difficult for Koreans to pronounce were replaced by other pronunciations. Thirdly, Ross was likely to transcribe some Hebrew and Aramaic words frequently used (e.g. Abraham) directly into Korean from Hebrew and Aramaic, not via Greek. Fourthly, we can find that apocopation used in the English Bibles was applied to the proper noun transcription in Ross’ Luke. Lastly, we can also say that Ross considered the context in the text to transcribe proper nouns. Therefore, this study suggests that Ross’proper noun transcription system is still important to establish a Korean proper noun system for new translations.

서사(敍事)적 본문을 서사적으로 설교하기

박형대 한국신학정보연구원 2009 헤르메네이아 투데이 Vol.46 No.-

설교를 위한 신약 내러티브 본문 주해

박형대 한국신학정보연구원 2011 헤르메네이아 투데이 Vol.51 No.-

헤렘의 관점에서 본 아나니아와 삽비라 사건(행 5:1-11) -여호수아 7:1-26과 사도행전 5:1-11의 본문 간 상관-

박형대 한국신학정보연구원 2007 Canon&Culture Vol.1 No.2

Joshua 7, Leviticus 10:1-5, 1 Kings 14:1-18, and 1 QS 6.13-25 are thought of as an allusion of the event of Ananias and Sapphira in Acts 5:1-11. Which is the best candidate? After considering each of the passages, this article examines Joshua 7 and Acts 5:1-11 to see if there is another allusion between the two passages, which has not yet been pointed out. In Joshua 7, we could not ignore the concept of herem, which can be defined as “separated from common use or contact to the Lord”, as an important element. What does Achan’s death mean in the light of herem? What background does it have in terms of the Pentateuch? What kind of theme can we perceive in respect to his death? Does the concept and theme of herem reverberate in Acts 5:1-11? If we can find any connection of Acts 5:1-11 with Joshua 7 in relation to the concept and theme of herem, we may think about intertextuality between Joshua 7:1-26 and Acts 5:1-11 more than used to be regarded. The author, first, tackles Trocmé and Johnson about their attempting to differentiate between the Achan story and the Ananias and Sapphira story, by insisting that those four differences they suggest are not true ones. Further, he develops the connection between the two texts in the light of the herem concept found in the Old Testament. What is more, this work paves the way for proposing that the ethics of Luke-Acts may not be limited to the money matter but should be stretched to a kind of complete devotion. 오랫동안 사도행전 5:1-11의 아나니아와 삽비라 사건은 여호수아 7장의 아간 이야기와 연결되어졌다. 하지만 트로흐메와 존슨이 두 본문 사이의 차이점을 지적한 이후 많은 학자들은 둘 사이의 공통점보다는 차이점에 더 많은 관심을 두게 되었다. 더불어 아나니아와 삽비라 사건의 배경이 될 만한 다른 본문들을 찾기 시작하였다. 하지만 트로흐메와 존슨이 지적하는 차이점을 자세히 살펴보면 그리 중요한 차이점이 아님을 알 수 있다. 특히 구약의 헤렘 개념을 종합적으로 고려할 때 아나니아와 삽비라가 드린 예물에는 자발적으로 드려진 헤렘으로 볼 수 있는 요소들이 있다. 또한 두 본문을 구조적으로, 주제적으로 분석할 때 차이점보다는 유사점이 더 많다. 물론, 지금까지 지적되지 않은 차이점도 있다. 하지만 두 본문 간 유사점이 많음을 생각할 때, 여호수아 7:1-26은 사도행전 5:1-11의 배경 본문으로서 여전히 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 게다가 아나니아와 삽비라 사건의 배경 본문으로 그간 제시된 레위기 10:1-5, 열왕기 상 14:1-18, 1QS 6.13-25, 『수산나』45, 52-29는 연관될만한 측면이 있으나 여호수아 7장보다는 덜하다. 이처럼 구약의 헤렘 개념의 전체적인 구조를 기초로 아나니아와 삽비라 사건과 아간 사건을 비교할 때, 사도행전 5:1-11을 통해 누가가 강조하고자 하는 내용이 단순한 재물 문제가 아니라 전적인 헌신에 대한 부분임을 엿볼 수 있다.

고유명사 음역 삼파전- 로스와 이수정과 언더우드(아펜젤러)의 마가복음을 중심으로 -

박형대 한국복음주의신약학회 2014 신약연구 Vol.13 No.3

How to transliterate or transcribe proper nouns in the Bible is still an important issue in Korea because they appear differently among translations. The difference between translations seems to have started in 1887. At that time there were three sorts of the Gospel of Mark, viz. Yesu Syonggyo Chyonsyo (1887) by J. Ross, Magaui Jeonhan Bogeumseo-eonhae (1885) by Rijutei, and Magaui Jeonhan Bogeumseo-eonhae (1887) by H. G. Underwood and H. G. Appenzeller. John Ross translated the New Testament into Korean after learning enough Chinese and Korean, and he transliterated the Greek proper nouns in consideration of Korean pronunciation as well as Greek pronunciation. Furthermore, he considered the Korean people's pronouncing capacity. His usage of proper nouns shows that he has a consistent system for proper noun transliteration: (1) most of the consonants and vowels were almost perfectly and consistently transcribed; (2) on account of the Korean pronunciation characteristics, a vowel was often added to a consonant, and pronunciations such as l, f, and c which were difficult for Koreans to pronounce were replaced by other pronunciations; (3) Ross was likely to transcribe some of the frequently used Hebrew and Aramaic words (e.g. Jerusalem) directly into Korean from Hebrew and Aramaic, not via Greek; (4) apocopation used in the English Bibles was applied to Ross’ Luke; (5) Ross considered the context in the text to transcribe proper nouns. Up to now, it has been thought that Rijutei transliterated Greek proper nouns on the basis of the original pronunciation. However, this study shows that English pronunciation influenced on his transliteration, and that many errors are found in his transliteration, and moreover, that Underwood and Appenzeller’s transliteration is not good enough in comparison with Ross’s. They followed Ross' proper noun transliteration principles in correcting Rijutei’s Mark. Nonetheless, they did not use the same proper noun transliteration as Ross’s. Maybe their eagerness for having a Korean Bible of which they have the copyright caused themselves to take a different system of Greek proper noun transliteration.

신약의 예배

박형대 한국신학정보연구원 2009 헤르메네이아 투데이 Vol.47 No.-

<서평> Justification and Variegated Nomism, Volume 1: The Complexities of Second Temple Judaism D. A. Carson, Peter T. O'Brien, and Mark A. Seifrid, eds., Mohr Seibeck/ Baker Academic: Tübingen/ Grand Rapids, 2001, 619p.

박형대 한국신학정보연구원 2011 Canon&Culture Vol.5 No.2

신약 본문 중심으로 본 하나님의 거룩하심과 공의와 사랑

박형대 한국신학정보연구원 2012 헤르메네이아 투데이 Vol.54 No.-

현대인들에게 필요한 신앙 지식 한 스푼, 슬기로운 신앙생활

박형대 우리신학연구소 2023 가톨릭 평론 Vol.42 No.-

민간 영리 스포츠센터 소비자의 이용만족도에 관한 연구

박형대,송채훈 조선대학교 스포츠과학연구소 1998 스포츠科學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

The Present study examined degree of utility satisfaction among 467 private sport facility users in Kwang-ju and Chollanamdo. The results areas follows. Women more participated in sport activities than men. Those who were in their twenties or thirties and Those who possess attainment higher than those of university graduate more participated in sports activity. Most of private sport facility users preferred health related sport activities, such as swimming and body building. Men preferred body building, while women preferred service industry aerobic dance. Professional, technical, administrative and management industry workers more participated in Golf. While sales and service industry workers and masters of independent enterprise more participated in Body building, clerical workers more participated in bowling. Students preferred swimming whereas housewives preferred aerobic dance. There was significant difference of trust, responsness and convince between men and women. There was significant difference of trust and sympathy among ages, marital status and a monthly salary, while there was significant difference of responsness among private sport facility users’ school career