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박찬수(Park, Chansoo) 동덕여자대학교 인문과학연구소 2004 人文科學硏究 Vol.10 No.-
The defining historical events that caused the political division of leftism and rightism are, as well known, the Glorious Revolution in 1688, the French Revolution in 1788, the publication of Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto in 1848, the Bolshevic Revolution in 1917. Then the social democratic political movements in the early 1900s, and the collapse of communist hegemony in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the former USSR, and lastly the appearance of "the Third Way" in the late 20th century followed the way. Yet the dichotomous bisection between the two political leanings is not as strong as it might seem, since the contents of ideologies, being far from being absolute and final, have different assessments and implementation in the course of history. This paper examines the Glorious Revolution, French Revolution, Marxism, social democracy, liberalism and protectionism in trade, the ideas of equality and freedom, and nationalism, and tries to identify the ideological cleavages and differences between the rightist and leftist ideology, and traces the way how the two opposing ideas became to mirror each other and mixed together. The political opposition between Catholics and Protestants provided the very first identifying criterion for the leftist/rightist division in and out of religious domain. Since the publication of the Manifesto, however, the reigning criterion became theism/atheism. On the other hand, the social democratic movements in the early 20th century Europe, and the liberalist, reftist theologians' activities in South America in the middle of last century attenuated the ideological gap in religion. The French Revolution defined what was meant by "leftist" and "rightist" with whether to advocate the old regime or rebel against it. But after the revolutionaries abrogated absolute monarchy and feudalism, and established a republic, the achieved goals could not be viable criteria any more. Now, whether to revolutionize existing regimes and social arrangements, or to advocate traditions could be alternatively articulated in terms of progresivism and conservativism. Until the early 19th century, French Revolution's spirit of equality and freedom represented the leftist ideology. Yet, from the early 20th century, the value of equality became more of the leftist's voice, whereas freedom that of the rightist. Liberalism and protectionism in trade was the bequest of the mid 19th century when radical leftists/prestigious rightists division arose, whereas Neo-liberalism (Globalization) and the advocates of localism and anti-globalization, each conversely being rightists and leftists are the legacy of the late 20th century. The ideology of nationalism, also, belonged to the leftist wing in the early 19th century, but the late 19th centry represents the idea of the rightist wing. The values and contents of the leftist and the rightist are not absolute, but historical and relative in character. During the French Revolution, the diverse political factions found expressions in Royalists, Constitutional Monarchicists, Republicans. The latter two can both be classified as the leftists, but to put it more succinctly, only the republicans can be properly counted as the leftist, while the constitutional monarchicists more like the rightist. Since Lenin's establishment of Commintern in 1919, communists (Marx-Leninist) got drawn closer to the leftist wing than social democratic political movements did. And the latter were more obviously rightist than communists were. This shows that the constitutive ideological contents of the leftist and the rightist wings are not mutually exclusive. "The Third way" in the late 20th century makes it even more difficult to find opposition between Western leftism/rightism. Only extremists will be the exception.
미립화 및 분무장치 1 : 노즐 홀 출구 형상과 감압비등 현상이 직분식 다공 가솔린 인젝터의 노즐 출구 적심에 미치는 영향
박찬수 ( Chansoo Park ),박상재 ( Sangjae Park ),오희창 ( Heechang Oh ),이주헌 ( Juhun Lee ),배충식 ( Choongsik Bae ) 한국액체미립화학회 2015 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.-
Nowadays, direct fuel injection into the engine cylinder technologies are becoming standard fuel injection regime in spark ignition engines. Unlike conventional port fuel injection (PFI) engines, Particulate matter (PM) emission from the direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines is an important issue in the automotive industry due to stringent emission regulations. Fuel wetting on the surface of the injector nozzle tip has been pointed out as a major source of PM emission and injector tip fouling in the DISI engines. In the present study, the degree of gasoline fuel wetting on the surface of nozzle tip was evaluated, and the mechanism of injector tip wetting was explored. To measure the quantity of the wetted fuel, laser induced fluorescence (LIF) imaging technique was used. Fourth harmonic wavelength (266 nm) high intensity laser light from Nd:Yag laser was used as an excitation source. Emitted light from the wetted fuel was filtered by a bandpass filter (300-430 nm) and captured by intensified charge coupled device (ICCD) with a long distance microscope. Ambient conditions are adjusted to gasoline fuel injection timing of real engine operating conditions under different engine load, and experiment was performed in a constant volume chamber. From the result, a conventional step-hole shaped nozzle showed less fuel wetting than that of diverging shaped nozzle hole, and fuel wetting reduction potential of converging shaped concept can be expected even though it was hard to compare the results of the converging concept to the other concept. Fuel wetting under flash boiling conditions were higher than that under non-flash boiling conditions. In order to explore the mechanism of fuel wetting on the surface of the injection nozzle tip, back light illuminated spray imaging technique was utilized. The fuel wetting mechanism could be analyze through the transient fuel injection phenomenon including opening and closing events. Especially, it is thought that fuel wetting of wide near nozzle spray angle at the start of injection (SOI), transient spray angle fluctuation during the injection and low momentum liquid ligaments as well as droplets are main reasons of injector nozzle tip wetting.
터빈 휠 회전관성과 점화시기의 변화가 과급 직분식 전기점화 엔진의 과도운전 응답성 및 연소특성에 미치는 영향
박찬수(Chansoo Park),정진영(Jinyoung Jung),배충식(Choongsik Bae) 한국연소학회 2015 KOSCOSYMPOSIUM논문집 Vol.2015 No.5
Because of reduced displacement volume and inherent stoichiometric operation of downsized turbocharged gasoline direct injection engine. torque and power decrease and transient response delay problems have been pointed out. In this paper, effect of turbine wheel inertia and ignition timing on transient response and combustion were studied using 2.0 L downsized turbocharged GDI engine equipped with TiAl(Titanium Alluminide Alloy) and Inconel turbine wheel turbocharger.
효율적인 CC-CV 충전을 위한 차량탑재형 충전기용 공진형 컨버터의 최적설계 기법
박찬수(Chansoo Park),김민재(Minjae Kim),정병길(Byuongkil Jung),이상혁(Sanghyuk Lee),박준성(Joonsung Park),최세완(Sewan Choi) 전력전자학회 2011 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.7
본 논문에서는 3.3㎾급 차량탑재형 충전기에 적합한 공진형 컨버터의 최적설계기법을 제안한다. 주어진 배터리 충전 프로파일에 대하여 대표적인 4가지 공진형 컨버터를 각각 최적의 궤적에 따라 동작하도록 하는 설계기법을 제안한다. 또한 이 충전 궤적에 따른 각 컨버터의 도통전류, 턴오프전류 등의 비교를 통하여 최적의 컨버터를 제안하고 시작품으로 타당성을 검증한다.
15V, 1㎾ 연료전지 스택을 위한 부하추종형 전력변환장치
박찬수(Chansoo Park),오형민(Hyeongmin Oh),최세완(Sewan Choi),박가우(Gawoo Park) 전력전자학회 2011 전력전자학술대회 논문집 Vol.2011 No.7
본 논문에서는 15V, 1㎾ 저전압 연료전지를 위한 고효율 전력변환장치를 제안한다. DC-DC 컨버터로는 15V에서 380V 로의 고승압에 적합한 입력병렬·출력직렬 부스트 하프브리지를 제안하였는데 이는 전부하영역에서 ZVS 턴온으로 96%의 최고 효율을 달성하였다. 또한 DC-AC 인버터부는 상용전원으로의 변환 및 DC 링크 전압 제어를 수행한다. 1㎾급 시작품을 제작하여 그 성능을 검증하였다.