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Stability Analysis and Design of the Pretension Soil Nailing System
박시삼,김홍택,최영근,Park Si-Sam,Kim Hong-Taek,Choi Young-Geun Korean Geotechnical Society 2004 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.20 No.7
쏘일네일링 공법을 도심지 지하굴착 공사에 있어, 지중매설물이 인접하여 존재하거나 대지경계선 등의 준수 등 시공조건에 따라서 설치네일의 길이가 제한되는 경우 및 연약한 지반을 보강할 경우 등과 같은 벽체변위 및 지표침하 억제와 안정성 증대 등을 위하여, 지반앵커공법과 유사한 프리텐션 방식의 도입이 필요한 실정이다. 지반앵커공법과 유사한 프리텐션 방식의 쏘일네일링 공법을 도입하게 될 경우, 단계별 굴착시 발생하는 변위를 최소화할 수 있을 것으로 예상되며 국부적인 안정성도 증대할 것으로 사료된다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 단계별 굴착시 유발되는 벽체변위 및 침하량 등을 억제하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 프리텐션 쏘일네일링 시스템을 개발하였다. 또한 최대 프리텐션하중 및 프리텐션 시스템의 안정성을 평가하기 위해, 영향원 반경, 다이레이턴시 각, 정착길이 등을 반영한 설계기법을 제안하였으며, 펀칭전단파괴에 저항할 수 있는 숏크리트의 요구두께를 결정하는 신뢰도 평가기법을 제안하였다. 아울러 설계예제와 $FLAC^{2D}$ 프로그램 수치해석을 통해 프리텐션에 의한 변위 감소효과를 살펴봤으며, 전단강도감소기법을 도입한 안정해석이 $FLAC^{2D}$ 프로그램을 토대로 수행되었다. The ground anchor support system may not be occasionally used because of space limitations in urban excavation sites nearby the existing structures. In this case, soil nailing system with relatively short length of nails could be efficiently adopted as an alternative method. The general soil nailing support system, however, may result in excessive deformations particularly in an excavation zone of the existing weak subsoils. Pretensioning the soil nails then could play important roles to reduce deformations mainly in the upper part of the nailed-soil excavation system as well as to improve local stability. In this study, a newly modified soil nailing technology named as the PSN (Pretension Soil Nailing), is developed to reduce both facing displacements and ground surface settlements in top-down excavation process as well as to increase the global stability. Up to now, the analytical procedure and design technique are proposed to evaluate maximum pretension force and stability of the PSN system. Also, proposed are techniques to determine the required thickness of a shotcrete facing and to estimate probability of a failure against the punching shear, Based on the proposed procedure and technique, effects of the radius of a influence circle and dilatancy angle on the thickness of a shotcrete facing, bonded length and safety factors are analyzed. In addition, effects of the reduction of deformations expected by pretension of the soil nails are examined in detail throughout an illustrative example and the $FLAC^{2D}$ program analysis. And a numerical approach is proposed PSN system using the shear strength reduction technique with the $FLAC^{2D}$ program.
지열 Hybrid System 개발을 통한 대형 공동구조물 지열에너지 적용성 평가
박시삼(Park, Si-Sam),나상민(Na, Sang-Min),박종헌(Park, Jong-Hun),이건중(Rhee, Keon-Joong),김태원(Kim, Tae-Won),김승엽(Kim, Sung-Yub) 한국신재생에너지학회 2009 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.06
Ground source heat pump system; GSHPs is close to most practical use for early stage investment cost and energy efficiency in new renewable energies, and currently considered utilizing to the heat and cooling system of a building. Particularly, the case to utilize 'Standing Column well heat source gathering method' in the open standards process to have the excellent capability of gathering geothermal source is increased. But the research for the optimal design technology and the assessment of a pollution level of the ground to utilize a single well for gathering geothermal is insignificant and the design is insufficient. The heating and cooling system and the equipment to utilize a large size residential development to have over 1000 households have not developed yet. Therefore, our company developed 'geothermal hybrid system' which can construct the heat and cooling system using geothermal energy for a large size residential development of over 1000 households and conducted the evaluation of economic feasibility. Moreover we developed automatic equipment for gathering geothermal source and PLC (Programmable logic controller) to have optimal efficiency and FCU (fan coil unit) considering the floors of large size apartments.
현장인발시험을 통한 제거식 포스트 텐션 쏘일네일의 거동특성 평가
박시삼(Sisam Park),최형진(Hyung-Jin Choi),박주석(Joo-Suck Park),김응수(Eung-Soo Kim) 한국지반신소재학회 2013 한국토목섬유학회 학술발표회 Vol.2013 No.4
The general removable soil nailing support system, however, may result in excessive deformations particularly in an excavation zone of the existing weak subsoils. Post-tensioning the soil nails then, could play important roles to reduce deformations mainly in an upper part of the nailed-soil excavation system as well as to improve local stability. In this study, a newly modified soil nailing technology named as the RTSN(Removable post-Tension Soil Nailing), is developed to reduce both facing displacements and ground surface settlements in top-down excavation process as well as to increase the global stability. Up to now, the RTSN system has been investigated mainly focusing on an establishment of the design procedure. In the present study, field pull-out tests are carried out to investigate the behavior characteristics of the removable post-tension soil nailing system.
수치해석을 통한 쐐기형 제거식 쏘일네일링 공법의 거동 평가
박시삼(Si-Sam Park),이상호(Sang-Ho Lee),윤명준(Myung-June Yoon),김홍택(Hong-Taek Kim) 한국토목섬유학회 2010 한국지반신소재학회 학술발표회 Vol.2010 No.4
Recently, a removable soil nailing system is demanded due to problems beyond of economical and engineering purpose. In this study, using the FLAC 3D by finite difference analysis, is conducted so as to solve the problem with the existing removable soil nailing system and to evaluate the characteristic of pull-out test behavior between its and wedge type removable soil nailing system. The purpose of this numerical analysis was to investigate the stress distribution according to the length of nail and fixed sockets with the soil nailing system compared to wedge type removable soil nailing system.
박시삼(Park Si-Sam),김홍택(Kim Hong-Taek),김승욱(Kim Seung-Wook),김용언(Kim Yong-Eon) 한국토목섬유학회 2006 한국지반신소재학회 논문집 Vol.5 No.3
그린월 공법은 독립식 콘크리트 보형식의 옹벽으로, 전, 후면 가로보와 세로 방향으로 버팀보를 연속적으로 쌓아 올려 내부에 다짐성토를 시행함으로써 구조체가 일체 거동하도록 강성벽체(rigid body)를 형성시키는 옹벽 구조물이다. 최근의 그린월공사는 원지반 절취량을 최소화 할 수 있다는 장점으로 절토 공사현장에 다양하게 적용되고 있으며, 주로 앵커 및 쏘일네일 등과 함께 시공하는 추세이다. 이처럼 그린월과 함께 쏘일네일이 시공되는 경우에는 전면벽체의 강성이 크기 때문에 연성전면벽체의 경우 보다 전체 시스템의 안정성 증대가 예상되나 실제 설계에서는 이를 반영하지 않고 쏘일네일만 설계하므로 비경제적인 요소가 많은 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 그린월과 같은 강성전면벽체와 쏘일네일 공법이 함께 시공되는 경우에 대하여 강성전면벽체로 인한 전체 시스템의 안정성 증대효과를 평가해 보았다. 본 연구에서는 전면벽체의 강성변화에 따른 전체 시스템의 안정성 증대효과를 평가하기 위하여 실내모형실험을 수행하였으며, 한계평형해석을 시행하여 그린월과 같은 전면벽체의 강성이 전체 활동에 대한 안전율에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. The Green Wall system is one of segmental concrete crib type earth retaining wall. Green wall is constructed as procedures that lay the front stretchers, rear stretchers and headers then making a rigid body through harden filled soil of interior cell. Recently, Green Wall method is applied in variable cutting ground construction because of advantage which minimize to cut base ground. In case of Green Wall method is constructed with soil nail method, expect that total system stability will increase more than flexible facing because of facing stiffness is big. However, in this case of design, facing stiffness is not considered so that is poor economy. Hence, in this study, stability increasing effect of total system analyze about that soil nail method is constructed with rigidity facing like a Green Wall method. In present study, laboratory model tests was performed for analysis on stability increasing effect of total system about changing stiffness of facing. LEM analysis conducted for evaluation on safety factor of total system sliding that facing condition changed.