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박병옥 ( Byung Ok Park ) 근대 영미소설 학회 2005 근대 영미소설 Vol.12 No.2
Mary Shelley`s writing based on the relationship with her mother is correlated to the theories of Helene Cixous and Luce Irigaray. Their primary concern is the female body, so they urge women to write about themselves, recovering their bodies buried as a dark continent, and therefore establish their subjecthood. To accomplish this, it is necessary for women to have affirmative relationships with their mothers. Mary Shelley`s writing realizes this feminine writing in the narrative form as a concentric circle of Frankenstein. Basically, Frankenstein`s narrative form is a series of letters sent to Mrs. Sarville by her brother Robert Walton. In these letters Victor Frankenstein`s and the monster`s stories are included. In addition, just as Victor`s story contains Elizabeth`s letters, monster`s story does Safie`s and Felix`s correspondences. In this way Frankenstein is composed of letters within letters. The epistolary structure of Frankenstein shows a characteristic of feminine writing in that it supposes mutual and close relations between sender and receiver. Besides delivery of information, these letters function as the three narrators` autobiographies. Autobiography contains direct and actual experience of the writers from their real lives, and it can arouse reader`s sympathy more easily than other literary genres, as is seen in the monster`s autobiographical tale. Victor`s and Walton`s narrations also contain their personal histories which are persuasive as well. In short, with these three narrators` first-person narrations, Mary Shelley`s writing is very close to speaking. Writing in the form of speaking is one of the characteristics of feminine writing, whose purpose is to make women`s bodies heard and written. Like this speech-like writing is Mary Shelley`s strategy and she succeeds in female writing of her own way.
박병옥(Byung-ok Park),이세영(Se-young Lee),박윤택(Yun-taek Park),이재균(Jae-gyun Lee),남호성(Ho-seong Nam),홍사훈(Sa-hoon Hong) 한국자동차공학회 2013 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2013 No.5
엔진 개발시 블로바이 가스 내에 함유되어 엔진 외부로 빠져나가는 블로아웃 오일의 양을 최소화하기 위해, 다양한 구조나 복잡하고 값비싼 기구들을 채택하여 적용하고 있다. 특히 배기가스 규제가 강화됨에 따라, 배기가스에 악영향을 미치는 블로아웃 오일 양을 감소해야 하는 필요성은 더욱 증가하고 있다. 본 논문은 독창적이면서도 단순한 구조를 통해 블로바이 가스 내에 함유된 엔진오일의 분리 성능을 높여서 블로아웃 오일 양을 절감하고, 엔진 외부에 형성된 블로바이 가스용 파이프 및 호스류를 대폭 삭제함으로써 엔진 원가 절감 및 외관 향상과 함께 차량 탑재성 개선 등을 동시에 달성한 내용에 관한 것이다.
Frankenstein 아동문학으로 읽기: Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland 와 비교선상에서
박병옥 ( Park¸ Byung Ok ) 동국대학교 영어권문화연구소 2014 영어권문화연구 Vol.7 No.1
This paper aims to show the potential of Frankenstein which is can be read as a children's literature. Frankenstein has been read as one of the gothic and fantasy novels since it was published in 1818. However there are several reasons that we can consider Frankenstein as a children's literature. I used a very famous children's novel Alice's Adventures in Wonderland as a tool to explain and support those reasons, because there are some common factors between two novels. Firstly, both Frankenstein and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland use dream vision as a fantasy literature. Through this, vivid and intense image of the monster and Alice can be made and then they become an archtype in the heart of the readers. Secondly, the matter of the body is critical to both monster and Alice. They can recognize their own identity by means of the body and then eventually they can grow and proceed to the next step in their lives. In this respect, they can be regarded as buildungsroman. Lastly, Frankenstein and Alice's Adventures in Wonderland focus more on oral language than written language. These novels use dialogue which can be more intimate and persuasive so that it can give the readers fun and impression. Although Frankenstein has not been regarded as a children's novel, I can see many aspects that can be ones of a children's literature. Like Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Frankenstein is familiar to children and adults. By studying Frankenstein as a children's literature, we can expand the base of the novel.