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박광헌(K. H. Park),김규태(K. T. Kim) 한국표면공학회 2001 한국표면공학회지 Vol.34 No.1
A model for quantifying the effect of steam pressure on the oxide thickness growth was developed based on the experimental data available. First, empirical equations for the thickness estimation of oxide formed in 1 atm steam were made. The oxide growth kinetics turned out to be dependent on 0.4th power of oxidation time. With an assumption that the transition oxide thickness be only a function of temperature, a model for the enhancement of steam pressure on oxide growth was developed. The enhancement coefficient for steam pressure is calculated to be 0.01~0.013 bar?¹. The developed model generally well explains the experimental data.
朴光憲(Park Gwanghun) 미술사연구회 2020 미술사연구 Vol.- No.38
The Woodblocks of the Tripitaka Koreana 2nd edition are an important part of Korean history. It was designated as a UNESCO Memory of the World and has been recognized for its importance in the world. The quantity of woodblocks is known to be 81,325 sheets in a recent study, and 211 duplicate plates exist. Twenty printed copies of the duplicate woodblocks were examined in 2019. The study tried to distinguish the timing of duplicate editions by comparing printed copies at different times. Duplicate woodblocks can be divided into those without lines and those with lines. A wooden board without a line can be divided into Chinese character type of Koo Yangsoon’s Style and Jo Maengbu’s Style. Another study referred to the period of woodblocks of the Chinese character type of Jo Maengbu’s Style as the period between Goryeo 1381 and the operating period of Gangyeong-dogam of King Sejo in the Joseon Dynasty. However, in this study, the period was revealed in the middle of the 15th century through Chinese character type and the engraver. And the woodblocks of the Chinese character type of Jo Maengbu’s Style may have been written by King Sejo himself. It is not certain at this time. There is such a possibility, both historically and in the Chinese character type. Based on this study, if more printed copies of the Tripitaka Koreana 2nd edition are examined, it is expected that the timing of the duplicated woodblocks of the Tripitaka Koreana will be clear.
Application of CO₂ Technolgy in Nuclear Decontamination
박광헌(K. H. Park),김학원(H. W. Kim),김홍두(H. D. Kim),고문성(M. S. Koh),류정동(J. D. Ryu),김양은(Y. E. Kim),이범식(B. S. Lee),박현택(H. T. Park) 한국표면공학회 2001 한국표면공학회지 Vol.34 No.1
Green technology is being developed up to a point that is feasible not only in an environmental sense, but also in an economical viewpoint. This paper introduces two case studies that applied CO₂ technology into nuclear industry. 1) Nuclear laundry: A laundry machine that uses liquid and supercritical CO₂ as a solvent for decontamination of contaminated working dresses in nuclear power plants was developed. The machine consists of a 16 liter reactor, a recovery system with compressors, and storage tanks. All CO₂ used in cleaning is fully recovered and reused in next cleaning, resulting in no production of secondary nuclear waste. Decontamination factor is still lower than that in the methods currently used in the plant. Nuclear laundry using CO₂ looks promising with technical improvements-surfactants and mechanical agitation. 2) CO₂ nozzle decontamination: An adjustable nozzle for controlling the size of dry ice snow was developed. Using the developed nozzle, a surface decontamination device was made. Human oils like fingerprints on glass were easy to remove. Decontamination ability was tested using a contaminated pump-housing surface. About 40 to 80% of radioactivity was removed. This device is effective in surface-decontamination of any electrical devices like detector, controllers which cannot be cleaned in aqueous solution.
박광헌 ( Park Gwang-hun ) 동아문화재단 2019 文物硏究 Vol.- No.35
현재는 사경을 칭할 때 “종이의 색+필사재료+서명”의 방식으로 표기하는 것이 공식화 되어 있다. 사경 명칭 중 서명 앞의 수식어에 대한 역사적 용례에 대해 살펴보았다. 짙은 청색의 寫經紙를 지칭하는 전통적인 용어는 ‘紺紙’가 아니라 ‘鴉靑紙’가 가장 대표적으로 사용되었으며, 색상의 표현은 ‘藍色’이 흔히 사용되었다. ‘橡紙’는 1980년도 즈음에 새롭게 정립된 용어로 판단되며, 그 이전에는 ‘茶紙’, ‘褐紙’, ‘茶褐紙’, ‘紅紙’ 등으로 다양하게 사용되었다. ‘橡紙’는 실제 도토리나무 수액이나 도토리 열매를 통해 염색하였는지 기록이나 과학적 검증 없이 사용되는 문제점이 있다. ‘紫紙’의 경우는 자색의 寫經紙를 뜻하나 ‘橡紙’의 변색으로 보는 시각도 있어 ‘橡紙’와 함께 과학적인 비교 분석이 필요하다. 필사의 재료를 뜻하는 ‘金泥’와 ‘銀泥’는 현재 통용되고 있지만 전통적으로 사경을 표현할 때는 ‘金字’와 ‘銀字’로 표현하였음을 알 수 있다. Currently, it is official to write the name of the Buddhist Manuscript of “paper's color + type of ink + book name.” This study analyzes on the words that are modelled in front of the Buddhist Manuscript’s name The traditional term for paper of the Buddhist Manuscript was used most commonly ‘鴉靑紙(Achungji)’, not ‘紺紙(Gamji)’ and the expression of colors was ‘藍色(Gamsaek)’. ‘橡紙(Sangji)’ is a newly coined term around 1980. And Various terms were used before. The problem with the term "橡紙(Sangji)" is that it is not known whether it is actually dyed with acorn trees. There is no record or scientific verification associated with such dyeing. ‘紫紙(Jaji)’ means that the color of purple paper of Buddhist Manuscript, but there are some views that ‘橡紙(Sangji)’ is discolored. So ‘紫紙(Jaji)’ and ‘橡紙(Sangji)’ need scientific comparative analysis. ‘金泥(Geumni)’ and ‘銀泥(eunni)’ are now commonly used to mean the kind of ink written in the Buddhist Manuscript, but the traditional terms are ‘金字(Geumja)’ and ‘金字(eumja)’.
SCALE-ORIGEN-ARP를 이용한 사용후핵연료 내 중성자 및 감마선원 분석
차소희(So-Hee Cha),박광헌(Kwang-Heon Park) 한국표면공학회 2023 한국표면공학회지 Vol.56 No.1
The spent nuclear fuel is burned during the planned cycle in the plant and then generates elements such as actinide series, fission products, and plutonium with a long half-life. An ‘interim storage’ step is needed to manage the high radioactivity and heat emitted by nuclides until permanent-disposal. In the case of Korea, there is no space to dispose of high-level radioactive waste after use, so there is a need for a period of time using interim storage. Therefore, the intensity of neutrons and gamma-ray must be determined to ensure the integrity of spent nuclear fuel during interim storage. In particular, the most important thing in spent nuclear fuel is burnup evaluation, estimation of the source term of neutrons and gamma-ray is regarded as a reference measurement of the burnup evaluation. In this study, an analysis of spent nuclear fuel was conducted by setting up a virtual fuel burnup case based on CE16×16 fuel to check the total amount and spectrum of neutron, gamma radiation produced. The correlation between BU (burnup), IE (enrichment), and CT (cooling time) will be identified through spent nuclear fuel burnup calculation. In addition, the composition of nuclide inventory, actinide and fission products can be identified.
고압 수증기에 따른 Low-Sn Zircaloy-4의 고온 산화 거동
양성우(Sungwoo Yang),박광헌(Kwangheon Park) 한국표면공학회 2007 한국표면공학회지 Vol.40 No.4
A new zirconium alloy, low-Sn Zircaloy-4 was investigated to see the effects of high pressure steam on the oxidation at high temperatures. High pressure steam turned out to enhance the oxidation at high temperatures below 1000℃. The oxide layer growed to deviate from the uniform layer under high steam pressures, and usually cracks were found at the thicker parts in the oxide layer. High pressure steam seems to destabilize the tetragonal oxides near the metal layer, and the monoclinic oxides transformed from the destabilized tetragonal oxides are structurally not sound, resulting in enhanced oxidation under high pressure steam.
화학당량에 따른 우라니아의 핵분열 기체 확산 계수 측정
김희문(H. Kim),박광헌(K. Park),김봉구(B. G. Kim),주용선(Y. S. Choo),김건식(K. S. Kim),송근우(K.W. Song),홍권표(K. P. Hong),강영환(Y. H. Kang) 한국표면공학회 2002 한국표면공학회지 Vol.36 No.1
The diffusion coefficient of Xe-133 was obtained from an annealing test. The specimens were made from a UO₂ single crystal powder with natural enrichment. Weight and grain size were 300mg and 23(㎛, respectively. Oxygen potentials were obtained from an oxygen sensor. Released fractions were obtained from both results of gamma scans and quantitative analysis with MCNP code, The annealing test was performed at three temperatures at once. Diffusion coefficients of Xe-133 were calculated using slope of Booth theory in each O/M ratios. Activation energy and the pre-exponential factor of the diffusion coefficient were obtained. The activation energy of near stoichiomeric UO₂ is 310 kJ/mol. The measured values of near stoichiometric UO₂ are very close to other data available. Diffusion coefficients increase with hyper-stoichiometry, due to higher concentration of cation vacancies.