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남해 연안해역에서 분리한 유해성 침편모조류 Chattonella ovata의 성장에 대한 수온, 염분 및 빛의 영향
노일현(I. H. Noh),윤양호(Y. H. Yoon),김대일(D. I. Kim) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2006 한국해양환경공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.-
우리나라 남서해의 장홍연안에서 분리한 유해 유독 침편모조류 Chattonella ovata의 성장에 대한 수온, 염분 및 빛의 영향을 파악하였다. C. ovata는 수온 15~30℃, 염분 7.5~40 Psu 범위에서 성장하였다. 최대 성장속도는 0.47day?¹로 25℃와 30 psu 조합에서 관찰되었다. 최적 성장조건(최대 성장속도의 70% 이내)을 보인 수온과 염분의 범위는 각각 20~30℃, 15~35 psu로 나타났다. 이 결과, C. ovata는 고수온의 협온성 및 광염성 종으로 판단되었다. C. ovata는 30 μ㏖ m?²s?¹,이하의 광 조건에서는 성장이 이루어지지 않았고, 50 μ㏖ m?²s?¹,이상의 광 조건에서 성장하였다. 또한 본 연구에서 사용된 최대 광 조건인 800 m?² s?¹에서 광 저해현상은 보이지 않았다. 광 조건에 의해 유도된 성장식은 μ=0.56(I-14.8)/(I+33.9), (r=0.898)로 나타났으며, 이들의 보상광량(Ic)은 14.8 μ㏖ m?² s?¹, 반포화광량(Ks)은 63.5 μ㏖ m?² s?¹로 나타났다. The effects of water temperature, salinity and irradiance on the growth of hamful algae Chattonella ovata (Raphidophyceae) isolated from Jangheung coastal water in Southwestern Sea, Korea were investigated. C ovata was able to grow in temperatures of 15~30℃ and salinities of 7.5~40 psu. Maximum specific growth rate (0.47 day?¹) was observed with combination of 25℃ and 30 psu. Optimum growth (≥70% of maximum specific growth rate) was obtained with a range of 20~30℃, 15-35 psu, respectively. This result indicated that C. ovata is a stenothermal of the high water temperature and euryhaline organism C. ovata was did not grow at irradiance ≤30 μ㏖ m?² s?¹. And C. ovata was able to grow at ≥50 μ㏖ m?² s?¹. Photoinhibition did not occur at 800μ㏖ m?² s?¹, which was the maximum irradiance used in this study. The irradiance-growth curve was described as μ=0.56(I-14.8)/(I+33.9), (r=0.898) under 25℃ and 25 psu. The half-saturation photon flux density (Ks) was 63.5 μ㏖ m?² s?¹ and compensation photon flux density (Ic) was 14.8 μ㏖ m?² s?¹.
가막만 양식장 주변해역 주상퇴적물 중 유기물량 분포 특성 및 기원
윤양호(Y. H. Yoon),노일현(I. H. Noh),김대일(D. I. Kim),박종식(J. S. Park) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2004 한국해양환경공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2004 No.-
Field survey on the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of organic matters and its origin in the core sediments was carried out monthly at six stations in Gamak bay, the southern Korea from April 2000 to March 2002. The sedimentary pollution was very serious at the northwestern area, because northwestern area has an excessive supply of organic matters from the aquaculture activity, inflow of life sewage from the land, make a long stay of the materials by topographical characterize of form such as basin and the anoxic conditions in bottom sea water environment by thermocline in summer. The tendency of temporal changes showed in the period of high-water temperature mainly higher than the period of low-water temperature at northwestern and southern entrance areas. On the other hand, central and eastern areas showed mainly higher tendency during the low-water temperature except total sulfide concentrations. Concentration in all items showed rapid decrease vertically according to its depth in the northwestern area, while higher concentration showed at 2 to 6㎝ layer rather than at surface sediment in the southern entrance of Gamak bay. In other areas, generally the concentrations was decreased as layer goes deeper but the concentrations of H2S and COD were higher at 2 to 6cm later than surface sediment. The results showed that the origin of organic matters in sediments in Gamak bay was from autochthonous organic matter rather than allouchthonous. However, the formation of autochthonous organic matters were mainly detritus more than living phytoplankton. Also, the detritus were products by artificial activities such as dregs feed and fecal pellets of farm organisms by aquaculture activities rather than dynamic of natural ocean activities.
윤양호(Y.H.Yoon),김동영(D.Y.Kim),박종식(J.S.Park),노일현(I.H.Noh) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2006 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.-
화태도 인근해역의 식물플랑크톤 군집특성을 파악하기 위한 조사를 2005년 6월부터 2006년 6월까지 화태도 북부해역 1개 정점을 대상으로 고수온기(≥20℃)에는 주 1회, 저수온기(≤20℃)에는 격주로 조사를 실시하였다. 결과 화태도 북부해역에서 출현이 확인된 식물플랑크톤 종은 총 75속 209종으로, 와편모조류가 29속 107종, 중심목 규조류가 24속 62종, 우상목 규조류가 16속 27종, 침편모조류가 2속 6종, 기타 편모조류가 4속 7종을 나타내었다. 우점종은 각 시기별 10%이상 점유율을 나타내는 종으로 나타낸 결과, 총 19종이 우점종으로 나타났으며, 연중 규조류에 의해 특히, S, costatum이 가장 높은 우점율을 나타내었다. 와편모조류중 Chchlodinium polykrikoides는 7월 말과 8월에 걸쳐 높은 우점율을 나타내었다. 식물플랑크톤 현존량은 최저 3,940cells/L (2005년 10월 19일)~최대 729,781 cells/L (2003년 8월 2일)를 나타내 시기별로 매우 큰 변동특성을 나타내었다. 연중 규조류가 높은 출현량을 나타내고 있으나, 고수온기인 7월과 8월에는 편모조류가 10⁴cells/L 이상의 비교적 높은 현존량을 나타내었으며, 특히 8월 2일에는 C. polykrikoides가 7x10?cells/L이상의 매우 높은 현존량을 나타내었다. 화태도 북부해역에서의 식물플랑크톤 군집은 고수온기에는 식물성편모조류가 높은 종조성 및 현존량을 나타내고 있으며, 저수온기에는 규조류에 의해 지배되는 특징을 나타내었다.
최근 한국 연안해역에 출현하는 유해적조 플랑크톤 침편모조류 Chattonella의 특성
김대일(D. I. Kim),노일현(I. H. Noh),윤양호(Y. H. Yoon) 한국해양환경·에너지학회 2005 한국해양환경·에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2005 No.11
Harmful algal blooms are common world-wide and pose a serious problem to the aquaculture and fisheries industries. Flagellates such as Cochlodinium polykrikoides, Heterosigma akashiwo, Karenia mikimotoi and Chattonella aniiqua are recognised potentially harmful bloom organisms implicated in fish mortalities in Korean coastal waters. Although a bloom of Chattonella antiqua was reported for the first time from Jindong bay in 1983, the chloromonads species, however were never found in such high cell concentrations and formed large blooms in Korean coastal waters since 1983. In addition, the history of Chattonella spp. in the Korean coastal waters is not long. Because the cells are so fragile and difficult to preserve, they might be overlooked if cell density is low. We has been conducted an extensive marine phytoplankton monitoring program for several years, and Chattonella spp, were routinely found during regular monitoring in the Yeosu coast of southern Korea. We describes that the composition and distribution of Chattonella with environmental characteristics were based on bottle samples collected weekly from May 2004 to October 2005 at four stations. All 4 species were identified (C. antiqua, C. marina, C. globosa and C. ovata). In addition, C. globosa and C. ovata were firstly recorded in Korean coastal waters. Those are mainly presented during the spring-summer seasons when water temperature and salinity ranged 17.8~28.4℃ and 28.1~33.9 psu respectively. C. globosa was initially appeared and following C. antiqua, C. marina and C. ovata. The most abundant cell concentrations were regularly measured at the middle layers. No bloom events of Chattonella occurred during the period of our observation, but it seems that environmental conditions may be followed by the great possibility of the blooms of Chattonella in Korean coastal waters. Therefore, continued monitoring for this species is needed to learn more about its life cycle, ecological role and potential for fish kills.