총력전기 식민지 조선의 사회과학 비판

김인수(Kim, In-Soo) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2013 亞細亞硏究 Vol.56 No.4

Since the mid-1930s, intellectuals of colonial Korea had become professionals of social science academics. In this paper, I tracked the whereabouts of this professional knowledge in total war period. After political conversion(1938), In Jeongsik(印貞植) obtained and produced by himself the data which were more detailed and accurate than before for the society of colonial Korea. Using these indexes, In defined the historical status of it. At the same time, he compared colonial Korea with Southeast Asia, China, and Manchuria. Firstly, In argued that capitalistic industrialization was advanced in colonial Korea under Japanese imperialism, on the contrary, feudalism had been exacerbated in Southeast Asia since colonization by Western imperialism. Secondly, he represented China as a stagnant society based on the theory of "Asiatic mode of production"(K. Wittfogel), excepting colonial Korea from the range of that theory. Finally, In argued that Korean society was modernized based on the fact that the system of nuclear family was overwhelming, in contrast to Manchuria which had been evaluated as a large family system society. However, In"s claims were the answers to the questions suggested from Japanese resident intellectuals in Korea. These questions, produced in the asymmetry of power between empire and colony, were to serve the purpose of Japanese imperialism to mobilize colonial Korean society. In, without denying these questions, only looked to the others, neighboring Asian states, which were evaluated inferior than Korea by himself. After all, In neither could recognize accurately the "colonial Korea", nor fairly neighboring others. Disregarding the violence of questions he tried to answer, In distorted the history and reality of others. The way that In Jeongsik walked on as a social scientist of colonial Korea, needs to be remembered as the typical case that clearly says why colonial intellectuals fail to know their society and others accurately.

In_xGa_1-xN/GaN 다중양자우물 구조의 광학적 성질 연구

김기홍,김인수,박헌보,배인호,유재인,장윤석,Kim, Ki-Hong,Kim, In-Su,Park, Hun-Bo,Bae, In-Ho,Yu, jae-In,Jang, Yoon-Seok 한국진공학회 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.1

$In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN 다중양자우물 구조의 EL 특성을 온도와 주입전류 변화에 따른 특성을 조사하였다 저전류와 고전류 주입시 EL 효율의 온도 의존 변화는 매우 다르게 나타나는데, 이러한 온도와 전류의 변화에 의한 독특한 EL 효율의 변화는 내부전기장의 존재 하에 순방향 바이어스에 기인한 외부전기장의 영향인 것으로 볼 수 있다. 그리고 $In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN 다중양자우물 구조에서 In 성비의 증가는 발광파장위치의 적색이동을 보였다. 15K에서 주입 전류의 증가에 따라 녹색 양자우물 구조는 80 meV와 청색 양자우물 구조는 22 meV의 청색 편이를 하였다. 이는 전류의 증가에 의해 단위 시간당 생성되는 캐리어 수가증가하게 되고 그에 따라 subband가 급격히 채워지는 band filling 현상이 일어나게 되어 짧은 파장에서 재결합이 증가하기 때문이다. 그리고 청색과 녹색 다중 양자우물구조의 짧은 파장 쪽으로의 편이 차이는 In 농도에 기인한 것으로 In 농도가 높으면 양자우물 깊이가 증가되어 더 강한 양자속박효과가 작용하여 캐리어 구속력이 증가하기 때문 것으로 볼 수 있다. Temperature and injection current dependence of electroluminescence(EL) spectral intensity of the $In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN multi-quantum wells(MQW) have been studied over a wide temperature range and as a function of injection current level. It is found that a temperature-dependent variation pattern of the EL efficiency under very low and high injection currents shows a drastic difference. This unique EL efficiency variation pattern with temperature and current can be explained field effects due to the driving forward bias in presence of internal(piezo and spontaneous polarization) fields. Increase of the indium content in $In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN multiple quantum wells gives rise to a redshift of 80 meV and 22 meV for green and blue MQW, respectively. It can be explained by carrier localization by potential fluctuation of multiple quantum well and MQW structures also shows a keen difference owing to the different indium content in InGaN/GaN MQW.

옥천대에 대한 고자기 연구 : 태백지역에서의 대자율 비등방성과 지구조적 응력장

김성욱,최은경,정연규,김인수,Kim, Sung-Wook,Choi, Eun-Kyeong,Jung, Yeon-Kyu,Kim, In-Soo 대한자원환경지질학회 1997 자원환경지질 Vol.30 No.6

A study of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) was conducted on the Ordovician-Eocene strata in the Taebaek area. The study area is a northeastern part of the Okchon belt, sometimes called as Paegunsan Synclinal Area. A total of 600 independently oriented samples were collected from 60 sites covering the whole area. With a few exception of late Cretaceous-Eocene volcanic rocks, all the sampled strata are nonmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks, mainly sandstones. Among the 60 sites, 5 sites showed flow lineation lying on the bedding plane, 11 sites showed load foliation parallel to the bedding plane, and 21 sites showed tectonic foliation unrelated to the bedding plane. The tectonic foliations are defined by $k_1-k_2$ ($k_{max}-k_{int}$) anisotropy plane, and are considered as a result of tectonic forces acted perpendicularly to the foliation plane in the geologic past. Regardless of sample-site locations, tectonic force directions defined by $k_3$ ($k_{min}$) axis perpendicular to the tectonic foliation are consistent among the strata of the same geologic age. In the course of geologic time, however, the tectonic force directions showed a clockwise rotation: approximately E-W in the Ordovician sites, NW-SE in the Permian sites, N-S in the Triassic sites, and lastly NE-SW in the late Cretaceous-Eocene sites. The pre-Permian directions showed better clustering in the in-situ (geographic) coordinates, while the younger directions become better clustered after the bedding-tilt correction. It is interpreted that the major tectonic structures of the Taebaek area were controlled by the above-mentioned tectonic forces: The Paegunsan Syncline and the Hambaeksan Fault must have been generated by the NW-SE force of late Permian-early Triassic time. It was then reactivated in the reverse (dextral) sense by the N-S force of Triassic time. The Osipchon Fault in the eastern part of the study area was either generated or reactivated by the NE-SW force of late Cretaceous-Eocene time. The Permo-Triassic NW-SE force should be an expression of the Songnim Disturbance in the Korean peninsula, which is in turn related with the SCB/NCB collision in China.

Photoreflectance 측정에 의한 InxGa₁-xAs(0.03≤X≤0.11) 에피층의 특성 연구

김인수(In-Soo Kim),손정식(Jeoog-Sik Son),이철욱(Cheul-Wook Lee),배인호(In-Ho Bae),임재영(Jae-Youog Leem),한병국(Byung-Kuk Han),신영남(Young-Nam Shin) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1998 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.7 No.4

Molecular Beam Epitaxy(MBE)법으로 성장된 In_xGa_(1-x)As/GaAs 에피층에 대해 photoreflectance (PR)실험을 통해 특성을 조사하였다. PR 측정결과 성장된 In_xGa_(1-x)As 에피층의 띠간격 에너지(E。) 신호가 시료의 변형(strain)에 의해 heavy-hole(E。(HH))과 light-hole(E。(LH))로 분리되어 관측되었다. 에피층의 조성과 변형은 각각 시료에서의 E。(HH) 및 Eo(HH)와 Eo(LH)신호의 에너지 차이를 이용하여 구하였다. 또 160 K이하의 온도에서는 Eo(LH)의 신호가 사라짐을 볼 수 있었다. Franz-Keldysh oscillation(FKO) 피크로부터 계산되어진 InGaAs/GaAs 계면전장 (E)은 In 조성의 증가에 따라 0.75×10^5 V/㎝에서 2.66×10^5 V/㎝로 증가하였다. In 조성이 x=0.09인 시료에 대한 PR신호의 온도의존성 실험에서 Varshni 계수와 Bose-Einstein 계수들을 각각 구하였다. Photoreflectance (PR) measurents have been performed on In_xGa_(1-x)As/GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Bandgap (E。) of In_xGa_(1-x)As epilayer measured from PR was separated as heavy-hole (E。(HH)) and light-hole (E。(LH)) by strain effect. The compositions and the strains of epilayer were obtained from the energy value of E。(HH) and from enegy difference of E。(HH) and E。(LH), respectively. In addition, the PR signal of E。(LH) was diminished below 160 K. The interface electric field (E) of InGaAs/GaAs was increased from 0.75×10^5 V/㎝ to 2.66×10^5 V/㎝ as In composition increased, which was calculated from Franz-Keldysh oscillation (FKO) peaks. As the temperature dependence of the PR signal at x=0.09 sample, we obtained Varshni and Bose-Einstein coefficients.

약물용출 스텐트를 이용한 관상동맥중재술 후 재협착의 독립적 예측인자에 관한 연구

김인수(In-Soo Kim)한재복(Jae-Bok Han),장성주(Seong-Joo Jang),장영일(Young-Ill Jang) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2010 방사선기술과학 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구에서는 약물용출성 스텐트 삽입 후 재협착에 관한 독립적 인자를 확인하고 MDCT로 측정된 calcium score가 재협착 발생의 예측인자로써 가능성을 알아보고자 하였다. 2006년 5월부터 2009년 5월까지 전남대학교병원에서 MDCT상 관상동맥 협착이 발견되어 약물 용출 스텐트를 삽입 받은 환자 1,131명 중 추적검사로 관상동맥조영술을 시행되었던 178명(남자 159명, 여자 19명, 평균 연령 61.7, 연령분포 51~71세), 190개소 병변을 대상으로 하였으며 재협착 여부에 따라 두 군(비협착군 133병변, 재협착군 57병변)으로 나누어 비교 ․ 분석하였다. 그 결과 임상진단명은 진구성 심근경색이 비협착군 3예(2.3%), 재협착군 5예(8.8%)로 유의한 차이가 있었으며(p = 0.040), 급성 심근경색증, 불안정 협심증, 안정 협심증의 유병률은 차이가 없었다. 관상동맥 조영술 소견에서 병변 혈관의 위치는 재협착군에서 좌주간지 병변이 더 많았다(0.8% vs. 5.3%, p = 0.047). 스텐트 직경은 재협착군에서 유의하게 작았으며(3.3±0.4 mm vs. 3.1±0.3 mm, p = 0.004), 스텐트 길이는 양군 간에 차이가 없었다. 관상동맥 조영술 상 혈관의 초기 협착 정도는 재협착군에서 더 심했으며(86.1±11.4% vs. 91.5±9.2%, p = 0.001), 복잡 병변(B2/C형)은 양 군간에 차이가 없었다. 연령은 재협착군에서 더 높았고(60.2±9.9세 vs. 65.8±9.0세, p = 0.0001), 흡연력과 고지혈증은 비협착군에서(42.1% vs. 19.3%, p = 0.003, 23.3% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.019), 그리고 당뇨병은 재협착군에서 많았다(21.8% vs. 52.6%, p = 0.0001). 심초음파로 측정한 좌심실 구혈률은 양 군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 전체 MDCT coronary artery calcium scoring는 비협착군 371.2±500.8, 재협착군 389.3±458.3로 차이가 없었고, 목표혈관과 좌주간지, 좌전하행지, 좌회선지 및 우관상동맥 각각의 calcium score 역시 양군 간 차이가 없었다. 다 변량 로지스틱 회귀분석에서 좌주간지병변(OR = 168.0, 95% CI = 7.83-3,604.3, p = 0.001), 남성(OR = 36.5, 95% CI = 5.89-2,226.9, p = 0.0001), 당뇨병의 존재(OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.071~6.450, p = 0.035)가 약물용출성 스텐트 삽입 후 재협착 발생에 대한 독립적인 예측인자이었다. 따라서 관상동맥 협착에 대해 약물용출 스텐트를 삽입 받은 환자에서 스텐트 내 재협착의 발생은 좌주간지병변, 남성, 당뇨병의 존재와 관련이 있었으나, MDCT로 측정된 calcium score는 재협착 발생에 대한 독립적인 예측인자로써 기능은 없었다. We sought to confirm an independent factor about in-stent restenosis (ISR) in the patients who underwent drug-eluting stent (DES) and know a possibility as a predictor of measured coronary artery calcium score by MDCT. A total of 178 patients (159 men, 61.7±10.0 years of age) with 190 coronary artery lesions were included in this study out of 1,131 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with DES implantation for significant stenosis on MDCT at Chonnam National University Hospital between May 2006 and May 2009. All lesions were divided into two groups with the presence of ISR : group I (re ISR, N = 57) and group II (no ISR, N = 133). Compared to group II, group I was more likely to be older (65.8±9.0 vs. 60.2±9.9 years, p = 0.0001), diabetic (21.8% vs. 52.6%, p = 0.0001), have old myocardial infarction (8.8% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.040), left main stem disease (5.3% vs. 0.8%, p = 0.047), and smaller stent size (3.1±0.3 mm vs. 3.3±0.4 mm, p = 0.004). Group II was more likely to be smokers (19.3% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.003), have dyslipidemia (8.8% vs. 23.3%, p = 0.019). Left ventricular ejection fraction, lesion complexity, and stent length were not different between the two groups. Total CAC score was 389.3±458.3 in group I and 371.2±500.8 in group II (p = 0.185). No statistical difference was observed between the groups in CAC score in the culprit vessel, left main stem, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, left main stem disease (OR = 168.0, 95% CI = 7.83-3,604.3, p = 0.001), male sex (OR = 36.5, 95% CI = 5.89-2,226.9, p = 0.0001), and the presence of diabetes (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.071-6.450, p = 0.035) were independent predictors of ISR after DES implantation. In patients who underwent DES implantation for significant coronary stenosis on MDCT, ISR was associated with left main stem disease, male sex, and the presence of diabetes. However, CAC score by MDCT was not a predictor of ISR in this study population.

김포(金浦))지역 대동누층군(大同累層群)에 대한 고자적(古磁的) 연구

김인수,민경덕,이미영,강희철,전희영,Kim, In-Soo,Min, Kyung Duck,Lee, Mi Yeong,Kang, Hee-Cheol,Chun, Hee Young 대한자원환경지질학회 1993 자원환경지질 Vol.26 No.2

A total of 111 independently oriented core samples were drilled at 12 sites in fue Kimpo area ($37.70^{\circ}N$, $126.55^{\circ}E$) of the Taedong Supergroup. The Taedong strata are composed of sandstone, conglomeratic sandstone, shale and thin coal seams. The age of the strata is known to be Late Triassic-Early Jurassic according to freshwater Esfuerites and plant fossil (Dictyophyllum-Clathropteris flora) contents. Through AF and thermal demagnetization, an area-mean ChRM direction of $D=48.3^{\circ}\;I=40.3^{\circ}\;{\alpha}_{95}=7.9^{\circ}\;k=59.5$, n=7 was obtained. It passed fold and reversal test in the formation-mean level. Fold test was not significant in the area-mean level. The palaeomagnetic north pole calculated from the area-mean lies at $46.3^{\circ}N$, $222.0^{\circ}E$ with dp=5.7, $dm=9.5^{\circ}$. This pole position is very similar to those of the South China Block (SCB) in Triassic times. Palaeolatitude of the Kimpo area in the Taedong times was $23.0^{\circ}N$, again very similar to the palaeolatitude of the South China Block in the Late Triassic. This low latitude of the study area at the time of deposition explains the tropical-subtropical nature of fossil contents of the Taedong Supergroup.

의성지역 백악기 암석에 대한 고자기 연구

김인수,이현구,윤혜수,강희철,Kim, In-Soo,Lee, Hyun Koo,Yun, Hyesu,Kang, Hee-Cheol 대한자원환경지질학회 1993 자원환경지질 Vol.26 No.3

The Cretaceous Kyongsang Basin is known to be composed of several tectonic blocks (or subbasins) with each distinct stratigraphic succession. The study area represents a major part of one of these blocks, i. e. the $\check{U}is\check{o}ng$ block. The area is charaterized by a suite of WNW-trending sinistral strike-slip faults as well as a number of ring faults. A total of 292 independently oriented core samples were drilled from 23 sites, covering virtually all the formations of the Cretaceous $Ky\check{o}ngsang$ Supergroup. Alternating field and thermal demagnetization experiments were conducted to reveal the primary magnetization. Due to the homoclinal nature of the strata in the area, it was not possible to make use of the conventional fold test It is, however, believed that the primary remanent components have been obtained from the majority of the formations, considering the similarity of the palaeomagnetic pole positions with those of contemporary strata of other blocks and the existence of antiparallel reversed remanence. It was found neither any significant difference in magnetic declination on each side of the strike-slip faults nor systematic change of magnetic declination with distance from the fault-line. This does not support such a block rotation hypothesis associated with the strike-slip faulting in the area as alleged by some authors. The samples from the outcrops on or near the fault-lines were severely overprinted by the recent magnetic fields regardless of age and lithology. Epithermal Au-Ag-Cu-Pb-Zn mineralizations are known along some fault lines in the area. It is interpreted that these two facts are closely related with fluid circulations along the fracture zones caused by fault activities. In regard to the age of the strata as deduced from the magnetostratigraphic consideration, the $Ch\check{o}mgok$ formation and the lower strata should be older than Barremian or 124 Ma. The age of volcanics of the $Yuch^{\prime}\check{o}n$ Group sampled in this study should be younger than Campanian or 83 Ma.

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENTIAL MODULATION OF N-METHYL-D-ASPART ATE RECEPTOR ON THE VIABILITY OF PRIMARY CULTURED NORMAL HUMAN ORAL KERATINOCYTES

김인수,이원,김성훈,최봄,Kim, In-Soo,Lee, Won,Kim, Seong-Hun,Choi, Bohm Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2006 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.28 No.4

In the present study, I investigated the effects of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA), arachidonic acid (AA), and Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor (NOS-I), alone or in combination, on the viability of cultured primary normal human oral keratinocytes (NHOK). Specifically, we examined whether AA and NOS-I could protect primary NHOK from glutamate cytotoxicity. The purpose of this study was therefore the preliminary study for the examination of the interaction between these agents and NHOK in order to elucidate the mechanisms by which epithelial growth and regeneration are regulated. NHOK were obtained from gingival tissue of 20 individuals aged 20 to 29, and third passage (P3) cells were used for this study. Cell viability was measured by the MTT assay. NMDA and NNA, a calcium dependent NOS inhibitor, induced an initial increase in cell number, which subsequently decreased by the $7^{th}$ day. Low concentration of AA ($0.5\;{\mu}M$ & $1\;{\mu}M$) induced an increase in cell number while high concentrations of AA ($5\;{\mu}M$ & $10\;{\mu}M$) induced a decrease in cell number. The decrease in cell number induced by NMDA at the $7^{th}$ day was abolished by the addition of low concentrations of AA ($0.5\;{\mu}M$ & $1\;{\mu}M$) or NOS inhibitors. Low concentrations of AA ($0.5\;{\mu}M$ & $1\;{\mu}M$) or NOS inhibitors may protect the NHOK from NMDA induced cytotoxicity. These reactions might be related to the NMDA receptor in the cell and the change of the intracellular calcium ion concentration.

MBE법으로 성장시킨 InxGa₁_xAs (x=0.02) 에피층에서의 Photo reflectance에 관한 연구

김인수(In-Soo Kim),이정열(Jung-Yeul Lee),배인호(In-Ho Bae),김상기(Sang-Ki Kim),안행근(Haeng-Keun Ahn),박성배(Sung-Bae Park) 한국진공학회(ASCT) 1996 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.5 No.2

반절연성 GaAs(100) 위에 Molecular Beam Epitaxy(MBE)법으로 In의 조성을 0.02으로 일정하게 하여 성장시킨 In_xGa_(1-x)As/GaAs의 photoreflectance(PR) 스펙트럼 특성을 측정하였다. 기판과 에피층의 PR 신호가 분리되어 관측되었으며, 띠간격 에너지 (E。)는 약 1.40eV로써 Pan의 식에 fitting한 결과 약 8meV의 차이가 생겼다. 이는 에피층과 기판의 격자부정합(lattice mismatch)으로 인해 파생되는 계면에서의 응력 (stress)이 그 요인으로 이것이 시료 성장시 결정성에 영향을 미치고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, ln_(0.02)Ga_(0.98)As 에피층은 온도 의존도가 낮고 광흡수 효율이 크며 200K 이상의 온도에서 활성화되는 것으로 분석되었고, 성장 온도보다 낮은 온도 400℃로 열처리시킨 경우에 PR 신호 분리가 가장 뚜렷하였으며, 이때 결정성 또한 향상됨을 알았다. We measured photoreflectance spectrum characteristics of InGaAs grown by MBE method on semi-insulating GaAs. The PR signal splitting of substrate and epilayer was observed. The band gap energy was about 1.40 eV. It make to 8 meV difference when it is fitted by Pan's equation. The reason is stress on the interface, which is due to lattice mismatch between epilayer and substrate. We became to know that reason influence crystalline on growing sample. In InGaAs epilayer, temperature dependency is low. The efficiency of photo absorption is high and activate over 200K. In this case when it is annealed at 400℃ below growing temperature, PR signal splitting is remarkable and crystalline is inhanced.

관상동맥 약물 방출 스텐트 삽입 후 스텐트 골절에 대한 임상결과 및 예후

김인수(In Soo Kim),한재복(Jae Bok Han),장성주(Seong Joo Jang) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2014 방사선기술과학 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구에서는 관상동맥 중재술로 관상동맥 약물방출 스텐트(drug-eluting stent, DES) 삽입 후 스텐트 골절에 대한 임상적 특성, 결과 및 예후에 대하여 연구하였다. 약물방출 스텐트 시술을 받고 추적 관상동맥조영술을 실시한 4,701명 환자에서 스텐트 골절이 발생한 환자는 32명(남:여=19:13, 평균연령 62.44±9.8세, 0.68%)이었다. DES의 종류별 스텐트 골절의 빈도는 SES(sirolimus- eluting stents) 19(59.4%), PES(paclitaxel-eluting stents) 9명(28.1%), BES(biolimus A9-eluting stents) 2명(6.3%), EES(everolimus-eluting stents) 1명(3.1%), EPC(endothelial progenitor cell capture stent) 1명(3.1%), ZES(zotarolimus-eluting stents) 0명(0%) 이었다. 표적 병변은 우관상동맥 13명(40.6%) 좌전하행지 16명(50.0%), 좌회선지 3명(9.4%)이었다. 각 혈관의 병변 형태는 복잡병변인 B2, C형이 25명(69.4%)이었다. 스텐트 골절 환자 중 스텐트 내 협착은 17명(53.1%)이었으며, 스텐트 골절 병변에 대한 치료는 내과적 관찰 16명(50.0%), 동종의 관상동맥 DES 시술 3명(9.4%), 이종의 관상동맥 DES 시술 10명(31.3%), 관상동맥 풍선 확장술 3명(9.4%)이었다. 추적검사에서는 32.9±12.4개월 동안 스텐트 골절로 인한 사망을 포함한 심장사는 발생하지 않았다. 결론적으로 관상동맥 중재술로 관상동맥 DES를 시술받은 추적관찰 대상 환자에서 3.7년 추적관찰 기간동안 스텐트 골절 발생률은 0.68%로 나타났으며, PES보다 SES에서 많은 발생 빈도를 보였다. 좌전하행지와 복잡병변에 대한 시술 후 스텐트 골절이 많이 발생하였다. 또한 스텐트 골절 정도와 협착 병변이 중대한 경우에만 관상동맥 중재술을 실시하였으며, 추적관찰 기간 중 스텐트 골절이 있는 환자는 병용 항혈소판 요법을 지속적으로 투여하였다. 특히 사망을 포함한 주요 심장사건에 관련하여 스텐트 골절과 연관된 심장사의 발생률은 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해서 스텐트가 가지고 있는 특성 스텐트 디자인이 폐쇄형(closed cell) 디자인 SES에서 발생 빈도가 높음을 제시함으로써 스텐트 개발에 도움이 될 거라 판단된다. Many studies have suggested that in the era of Drug-Eluting Stents(DES) are one of the causes of In-Stent Restenosis(ISR) of Stent Fracture(SF). The present study sought to evaluate clinical characteristics of patients with stent fracture after successful DES implantation. The 4,701 patients were selected for analysis who underwent a follow-up coronary angiography irre-spective of ischemic symptoms. The overall incidence of SF was 32 patients(male:female=19:13, Av. age 62.44±9.8year, 0.68%). Fractures of Sirolimus-Eluting Stents(SES), Paclitaxel-Eluting Stents(PES), Biolimus A9-Eluting Stents(BES), Everolimus-Eluting Etents(EES), Endothelial Progenitor Cell Capture Stent(EPC) and Zotarolimus-Eluting Stents(ZES) are accounted for 19(59.4%), 9(28.1%),2(6.3%),1(3.1%),1(3.1%)and 0(0%) respectively. SF developed in the left Anterior Dscending(LAD) artery in 16 patients(50%) and in complex(type B2, C) lesions in 25 patients(69.4%). Ten patients were treated with heterogenous DES, the rest being treated with either homogenous DES(3 patients), plain old balloon angioplasty(3 patients), or conservative medical treatment(17 patients). None of the patients with SF suffered from cardiac death dur-ing a follow-up period of 32.9±12.4 months. The overall rate of DES fracture over up to 3.7 years of follow-up was 0.68% with higher incidence in SES than in PES. SF frequently occurred in the LAD artery and in complex lesions. Of the patients with SF, coronary intervention was performed only when the binary restenosis lesion was significant. During the follow-up, patients with SF have continued on combination antiplatelet therapy. There is a very low rate of major adverse cardiac events(post-detection of SF), especially cardiac death associated with SF.