상호동료교수법을 활용한 교대해부실습이 해부실습 시험 성적에 미치는 영향

김윤학(Yun Hak Kim),홍창완(Changwan Hong),오세옥(Sae-Ock Oh),윤식(Sik Yoon),김민정(Min Jeong Kim),주성일(Sungil Ju),윤소정(So Jung Yune),백선용(Sunyong Baek) 대한체질인류학회 2018 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.31 No.3

의학교육과정의 개편으로 해부학 강의 시간이 감소하면서 학생들이 참여하는 해부실습 시간을 보다 효율적 활용할 수 있는 교수 전략에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 상호동료교수법을 활용한 교대해부실습(alternating dissection)이 실습시험 성적에 미치는 영향을 분석하는 것이다. 의과대학 의학과 1학년 학생을 가나다 순서로 각 실습대에 8~9명씩을 배정하였다. 각 조원을 다시 A조와 B조로 나누어 해부조와 관찰조로 분류하여 번갈아 가면서 해부실습을 진행하였다. 해부를 하지 않는 관찰조는 팀바탕학습을 기반으로 하는 자기주도학습을 실시하고, 당일의 해부를 마치면 해부조는 관찰조에게 동료가르침을 하였다. 새로운 실습방법과 전통적 실습방법에 따른 실습시험 성적은 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 교대해부실습에서 A조와 B조 사이의 실습시험 성적도 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 부위에 따른 문항 분석에서 직접 해부한 부위에 해당하는 문항의 정답률이 관찰한 부위에 해당하는 문항의 정답률에 비해 유의하게 높았다. 정답률에서 유의한 차이를 보이는 문항은 전체 86개 문항 중에서 9개 문항이었다. 결론적으로, 의과대학 1학년 학생의 해부실습에서 상호동료교수법을 활용한 교대해부실습의 효용성을 확인하였다. The reformation of medical curriculum induced the reduction of anatomy course schedule especially in contact hours in anatomy laboratory. It has led to the use of more efficient teaching approaches in anatomy laboratory. The purpose of this work provide a detailed analysis of alternating dissections with reciprocal peer teaching in anatomy laboratory. Students were assigned alphabetically, in teams of eight or nine, to each dissecting table. The team was subdivided into two groups, A and B, each group dissected every other session. Students excused from dissection spent their time with team-based learning and self-directed learning. Dissected peer-teaching groups presented structures from the dissection to groups absent during dissection. Practical exam scores of the alternating dissection indicated no significant difference with those of classical dissection of previous year. Subgroup analysis of practical exam scores in alternating dissection was also no significant difference between group A and B. Assessment of question types showed that correction rates of questions in the dissected region was significantly higher on dissection group assignment. There were 9 questions (out of 86) in which there was a significant difference in correction rates between A and B groups. In conclusion, the laboratory paradigm of alternating dissection with reciprocal peer teaching demonstrated an effective method of learning gross anatomy laboratory for first year medical students.

도시디자인 가이드라인으로서 지구단위계획의 적절성 평가 연구

김윤학 ( Yun Hag Kim ),문동일 ( Dong Il Moon ),박주원 ( Ju Won Park ),박현흥 ( Hyun Heung Park ),정학균 ( Hak Gyun Jeong ),박정현 ( Jung Hyun Park ) 조선대학교 공학기술연구원 2009 공학기술논문지 Vol.2 No.3

This research is investigated and analyzed about the district unit plan as urban design guidelines is how to affect formation of the urban landscape of amenity zone in Namak New Town. The major focus of this investigation and analysis is suitableness of urban design guidelines. And the suitableness is evaluated with result of this investigating and analyzing of how to affect formation of the urban landscape. and the results is follows. 1. On the survey of the evaluation of the district unit plan appropriateness, nearly half of the Architects, who have experience of district unit plan, say that ``It would be useful.`` on the other hand 70% of the Architects, who have experience of district unit plan, say that ``It could not be useful.`` This result appear that about 2/3 contribute to the urban space is appeared in the inexperienced design of the district unit plan. 2. The design of the elevation and the mass were undervalued in the evaluation of the utility value of the studied building. The causes of that problem are standardized shape and material. So the regulations, which contribute to the vitality of the street of stores are needed.

소규모 하수처리를 위한 파일럿 규모 이중슬러지 KNR^® (Kwon's nutrient removal) 시스템의 영얌염류 제거성능 평가

안진영,권중천,김윤학,정유훈,김두언,유선호,김병우,An, Jin-Young,Kwon, Joong-Chun,Kim, Yun-Hak,Jeng, Yoo-Hoon,Kim, Doo-Eon,Ryu, Sun-Ho,Kim, Byung-Woo 한국청정기술학회 2006 청정기술 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구에서 소규모 하수고도처리를 위한 이중슬러지(Dual sludge) $KNR^{(R)}$ (Kwon's nutrient removal) 시스템이 개발되었다. $KNR^{(R)}$ 시스템은 부유성장식 탈질미생물과 부착성장식 질산화미생물을 분리시킨 이중슬러지 공정으로 최초침전조, 혐기조, 무산소조, 농축조의 복합기능을 수행하는 UMBR (Upflow multi-layer bioreactor)과 펠렛형 담체가 충진된 호기성 담체조로 구성되어 있다. 소규모 하수처리시 본 개발공정의 안정성과 처리성능을 평가하기 위해 처리용량 $50m^3/d$ 규모의 파일럿 플랜트를 고도처리 공정으로 개선공사 중인 처리용량 $50m^3/d$ 규모의 실제 소규모 마을하수처리장에 적용하였다. UMBR과 담체조의 체류시간은 각각 4.7 h와 7.2h이었으며, 반응조 수온은 $18.1{\sim}28.1^{\circ}C$이었다. 유입 하수량과 유입수의 BOD/N의 변동폭이 컸음에도 불구하고 파일럿 플랜트는 안정된 처리성능을 보였다. 전체 실험기간 중 처리수의 $COD_{cr}$, $COD_{Mn}$, $BOD_5$, TN, TP의 평균 농도는 11.0 mg/L, 8.8 mg/L, 4.2 mg/L, 3.5 mg/L, 9.8 mg/L, 0.87/0.17 mg/L (poly aluminium chloride(PAC) 투입/미투입)이었으며, 제거율을 각각 95.3%, 87.6%, 96.3%, 96.5%, 68.2%, 55.4/90.3% 이었다. 잉여슬러지 발생량은 $A_2O$와 Bardenpho 등과 같은 단일슬러지를 이용하는 고도처리공정과 비교시 약 1.9~3.8배 낮은 $0.026kg-DS/m^3$ and 0.220 kg-DS/kg-BOD로 나타났다. A simple dual sludge process, called as $KNR^{(R)}$ (Kwon's Nutrient Removal) system, was developed for small sewage treatment. It is a hybrid system that consists of an UMBR (Upflow multi-layer bioreactor) as anaerobic and anoxic reactor with suspended denitrifier and a post aerobic biofilm reactor, filled with pellet-like media, with attached nitrifier. To evaluate the stability and performance of this system for small sewage treatment, the pilot-scale $KNR^{(R)}$ plant with a treatment capacity of $50m^3/d$ was practically applied to the actual sewage treatment plant, which was under retrofit construction during pilot plant operation, with a capacity of $50m^3/d$ in a small rural community. The HRTs of a UMBR and a post aerobic biofilm reactor were about 4.7 h and 7.2 h, respectively. The temperature in the reactor varied from $18.1^{\circ}C$ to $28.1^{\circ}C$. The pilot plant showed stable performance even though the pilot plant had been the severe fluctuation of influent flow rate and BOD/N ratio. During a whole period of this study, average concentrations of $COD_{cr}$, $COD_{Mn}$, $BOD_5$, TN, and TP in the final effluent obtained from this system were 11.0 mg/L, 8.8 mg/L, 4.2 mg/L, 3.5 mg/L, 9.8 mg/L, and 0.87/0.17 mg/L (with/without poly aluminium chloride(PAC)), which corresponded to a removal efficiency of 95.3%, 87.6%, 96.3%, 96.5%, 68.2%, and 55.4/90.3%, respectively. Excess sludge production rates were $0.026kg-DS/m^3$-sewage and 0.220 kg-DS/kg-BOD lower 1.9 to 3.8 times than those in activated sludge based system such as $A_2O$ and Bardenpho.

소규모 하수처리를 위한 파일럿 규모 이중슬러지 KNR<SUP>Ⓡ</SUP>(Kwon's nutrient removal)시스템의 영얌염류 제거성능 평가

안진영(Jin-Young An),권중천(Joong-Chun Kwon),김윤학(Yun-Hak Kim),정유훈(Yoo-Hoon Jeng),김두언(Doo-Eon Kim),유선호(Sun-Ho Ryu),김병우(Byung-Woo Kim) 한국청정기술학회 2006 청정기술 Vol.12 No.2

강화군 화도면의 땅이름 연구

김윤학 仁川敎育大學畿甸文化硏究所 1980 기전문화연구 Vol.11 No.-

향음 [m,n,ŋ,ㅣ]의 음성학적 고찰

김윤학 仁川敎育大學校 1980 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

한자말로 맞옮긴 토박이말 땅이름과 토박이말 땅이름의 짜임새

김윤학 建國大學校 人文科學硏究所 1986 인문과학논총 Vol.18 No.-

Place-names reflect their historical and social background of the formation. Though placenames were once established, they are, as time goes on, apt to be changed phonologically and morphologically and also modified in direct translation into Chinese word. In this paper, We are going to study the native place-names that have been collected by means of field work for 6 years. Each native place-names is the one which has been transmitted orally in that region, while the Chinese counterpart appeared as a written form and so has been called from that time on. At first, both of the forms coexist side by side but most of native forms slowly disappeared of ages. However many of them still exist at present. When they are translated directly into Chinese word, there are two cases; one is the wholely translated form, the other the partly translated from. The former case, as '큰말' into, '大村', results in a complete Chinese word. In the latter case the native word is mixed with the Chinese one, as '牧골' into '牧谷', resulting in a complete Chinese word, or the mixed form of a native word and a Chinese one, as '긴밭골' into '長밭골'. There is a consistency when a native place-name morpheme is directly changed into a Chinese place-name morpheme, but not always so. In particular, '말' is always changed into '村' but '골/굴' is changed into '谷' or '洞' at the rate of 50%. As '미=산' relationship is not always true, the meaning relation of a native word with a Chinese one is not always the same. Some morphemes of the same meaning, like '강현고개', are juxtaposed, which is considered as one fixed place-name word when the place-name morpheme is set before the other morphemes. Looking into the structure of native place-names, a general word itself became a placename, but there is not a transfered place-name like a general word. There are prefixed place-names in the vocabulary of native ones, but there is not a derivational suffixed place-name. This is because place-name morphemes act as derivatonal suffixes which have exclusive nature. Place-names are generally formed by means of compounding. The structure of compound place-name has been 이₁?, and shows the possility of 이₁ⁿ. As place-name morpheme is free form, verb classes, such as '가는골', can be freely attached to the place-names. The subpart of an onomatopoea which is a reduplicated compound, can be juxtaposed by a place-name more frequently than the general words; e.g. '둥글바위'. There can be a place-name made by the combination of derivation and compounding. Apart from the special case, such as '바우배기', we can find no word formation ended with derivational suffixes. The framework place-names mixed with derivation and compounding occurs more frequently than the general words. The structure of place-names is different from one of the general words because of the peculiarity of place-name morphemes. But if we exclude the restrictions of the special case, the structure of place-name is much more various.