노인들의 고관절골절 위험요인에 관한 환자-대조군 연구

김용권,조영하,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Cho, Young-Ha 대한물리치료과학회 2002 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.9 No.1

Objectives: This study was conducted to find out risk factors related to elderly hip fracture, so that the result could provide basic data to establish prevention programs for hip fracture among the elderly. Methods: The data were collected from 199 cases hospitalized in 4 university hospitals in Pusan from January, 1996 to December, 1998, 193 healthy controls who visited elderly facilities in Pusan. The data were obtained from medical records and by using questionnaires through telephone contact or direct personal interview with the subjects or their family, and were analyzed for 2-test and multiple logistic regression. The risk factors were shown with odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals. Results: In univariate analysis, the odds ratio of hip fracture risk was estimated to be 1.9 for the elderly aged 75 years as compare with those aging less than 65 years; 42 for those with job as compared with those without job; 3.3 for those with more than 6 children as compared with those with one or two children. For the variables related to physical characteristics, small height (p=0.015), light weight (p=0.000), and low BMI (p=0.014) were risk factors for elderly hip fracture. Sane variables related to health, such as previous history of illness (OR=3.3.), abnormal blood pressure (OR=1.6), previous fracture history (OR=22), lower limbs weakness (OR=12.1) and gait disturbance (OR=42.6), were significantly associated with the risk of hip fracture. In multiple logistic regression, risk factors for hip fracture were age, having job, lower limb weakness and previous history of illness. The adjusted odds ratios of hip fracture risk among the elderly were age (OR=1.1), having jobs (OR=11.7), weak lower limb (OR=10.8) and previous history of illnesses (OR=3.3), respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that the plan for improving the daily living environment for the elderly systematically should be implemented to avoid the chances of fall, and that programs encouraging to practice regular exercise for physical activity and to promote health of the elderly should be developed.

부산지역 노인들의 고관절골절발생실태에 관한 연구

김용권,Kim, Yong-Kwon 대한물리치료과학회 2001 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.8 No.1

This study was conducted to find out current status and characteristics, so that the result could provide basic data to establish prevention programs for hip fracture among the elderly. The data were coolected from 199 cases hospitalized in 4 university hospitals in Pusan during three years period from January, 1966 to December, 1998. The data were obtained from medical records and by using questionnaires through telephone contact or direct personal interview with the subjects or their family, and were analyzed with x2-test. The results were as follow: The mean age of elderly hip fractured cases was 75.7 years, and 61.8% were female. The average hospital stay of the cases was 30.8 days, and 73.9% survived. Femur neck fracture cases comprised 51.7% of the toral cases, while trochanteric fracture cases comprised 48.3%. The hip fracture occurred more frequently during the day, shown as 66.9%, and the most frequently due to trips(44.2%), followed by slips(322%), c1ash(14.6%), dizziness(7.5%), and 00 on. Femur neck fracture, however, occurred the most frequently due to trips(51.5%) and, on the other hand, trochanteric fracture due to slips(40.6%) and trips(36.5%). About two third of hip fracture(67.8%) occurred inside of the building. The most frequently mentioned location for hip fractures was rooms or floors(32.1%), followed by streets(24.1%), bathrooms(17.6%), stairways(13.1%), and so on. Trochanteric fracture, especially, more frequently occurred inside of the building(71.9%) as compared to femur neck fracture(64.1 %). The rate of independent indoor walking in femur neck fractured cases reduced from 88.3% to 74.8% after fracture incidences, while the rate reduced from 86.0% to 45.8% in trochanteric fracture cases. It indicated that trochanteric fractures affected the walking ability of the elderly more severely that femur neck fractures. In conclusion, hip fracture occurs as a combined result of aging characteristics, environmental factors, and health related characteristics. Future studies that investigaterisk factors of hip fracture in elderly are recommended.

차세대 실감 내비게이션을 위한 실시간 신호등 및 표지판 객체 인식

김용권,이기성,조성익,박정호,최경호,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Lee, Ki-Sung,Cho, Seong-Ik,Park, Jeong-Ho,Choi, Kyoung-Ho 한국공간정보학회 2008 한국공간정보시스템학회 논문지 Vol.10 No.2

A next generation video based car navigation is researched to supplement the drawbacks of existed 2D based navigation and to provide the various services for safety driving. The components of this navigation system could be a load object database, identification module for load lines, and crossroad identification module, etc. In this paper, we proposed the traffic lights and road sign recognition method which can be effectively exploited for crossroad recognition in video-based car navigation systems. The method uses object color information and other spatial features in the video image. The results show average 90% recognition rate from 30m to 60m distance for traffic lights and 97% at 40-90m distance for load sign. The algorithm also achieves 46msec/frame processing time which also indicates the appropriateness of the algorithm in real-time processing. 차세대 실감 내비게이션 시스템은 2D 기반 내비게이션 시스템의 단점을 보완하고 보다 안전한 운전을 할 수 있도록 다양한 서비스를 제공하기 위해 연구되고 있다. 실감 내비게이션 시스템 차선인식과 도로시설물 객체 DB, 교차로 인식 모듈등의 기능 블록들로 구성된다. 본 논문에서는 실감내비게이션의 중요 요소 중 하나인 교차로 인식을 위한 신호등과 표지판 인식 시스템을 개발하였다. 개발된 알고리듬은 색상 정보를 이용해 인식 대상을 검출하고 객체의 특징을 이용하여 신호등과 표지판을 객체별로 인식할 수 있도록 하였으며 실험을 통해 검증하였다. 실험결과 신호등의 경우 60-30m의 거리에서 평균90%의 인식률을 보였으며, 표지판의 경우 90-40m의 거리에서 평균 97%의 인식률을 보였고, 프레임 당 평균 처리시간이 46msec로서 실시간 처리가 가능함을 보였다.

시각무시가 편마비 환자의 운동 기능회복에 미치는 영향

김용권,Kim, Yong-Kwon 대한물리치료과학회 2003 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.10 No.1

The purpose of this study by examine the effect of visual neglect on hemiplegia motor recovery are showing trouble which can be raised by visual neglect and helping the patient's ADL and functional recovering. Among the patients who are being taken physical therapy in many other hospitals in Busan From February 1st 2002 to august 31st, we chose 20 patients as control group who did not have symptoms of visual neglect and 20 other patients who did have as case group. We used Albert's test and line bisection as visual neglect test, and MAS as motor recovery. The average age of the patient group is 51.55 and that of control is 44.9. The men's rate is higher than women' s in both groups. Although the rate of left hemiplegia is higher than right hemiplegia in case group, that of right hemiplegia is higher than left hemiplegia in control group. There is much lesion site of basal ganglia in case group. There is the most amount of transformation of MAS when visual neglect is shorter than 1.5centimeter. Each change of MAS point before and after therapy in case group and control group is revealed $6.5{\pm}4.37$ and $12.5{\pm}5.95$.

유도초음파를 이용한 복수기 튜브지지판 영역에서의 결함검출기법

김용권,박익근,박세준,안연식,길두송,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Park, Ik-Keun,Park, Sae-Jun,Ahn, Yeon-Shik,Gil, Doo-Song 대한용접접합학회 2012 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.30 No.6

General condensers consist of many tubes supported by tube sheets and support plates to prevent the deflection of the condenser tubes. When a fluid at high pressure and temperature runs over the tubes for the purpose of transferring heat from one medium to another, the tubes vibrate and their surface comes into contact with the support plates. This vibration causes damage to the tubes, such as cracks and wear. We propose an ultrasonic guided wave technique to detect the above problems in the support plate region. In the proposed method, the ultrasonic guided wave mode, L(0,1), is excited using an internal transducer probe from a single position at the end of the tube. In this paper, we present a preliminary experimental verification using a super stainless tube and show that the defects can be discriminated from the support signals in the support region.

기능적 전기자극이 편마비환자의 견관절아탈구에 미치는 효과 - 단일 사례연구 -

김용권,차정진,김상수,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Cha, Jung-Jin,Kim, Sang-Soo 대한물리치료과학회 2001 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this single subject care study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a functional electrical stimulation(FES) treatment program designed to prevent glenohumeral pint stretching and subsequent subluxation and shoulder pain in hemiplegic patients. The subject was a 43-year-old male who had left side hemiparesis with shoulder pain and subluxation on affected side. He received conventional physical therapy and additional FES therapy where two flaccid shoulder muscles, supraspinatus and posterior deltoid. were induced to contract repetitively up to 20 minutes for 2 weeks. As a result. the patient showed improvements in hemiplegic arm function, reduction in subluxation(as indicated by Jig test) and range of motion(SLROM). But it was difficult to generalize. We concluded that the FES program was effective in reducing the severity of shoulder subluxation and pain. Further study must be evaluated its statistical significance.

통합LAN 구성 방식의 제어 알고리즘에 따른 성능 분석

김용권,기장근,최진규,임성용,이규호,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Ki, Jang-Geun,Choe, Jin-Kyu,Lim, Seong-Yong,Lee, Kyou-Ho 한국전기전자학회 2002 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.6 No.1

통합 LAN은 다양한 트래픽을 수용해야 하므로 통합LAN의 성공적 개발을 위해서는 통합 LAN 구성을 분석하고 평가하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 SLAM II를 이용한 성능 분석 프로그램을 개발하고, 큐 관리 방식과 스케줄 알고리즘 등을 시뮬레이션 하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과, cyclic 서비스 알고리즘이 가중치에 의한 우선순위 알고리즘보다 성능에 더 큰 영향을 주는 것으로 평가되며, Back Pressure 구현은 큐 관리를 용이하게 할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. Converged LAN accepts diverse traffics so that performance analysis is very important for successful development of converged LAN. In this paper, we develop simulation program using SALM II and simulate queue management scheme and scheduling algorithm for converged LAN. The result of simulation shows the effect of performance for cyclic service algorithm larger than priority algorithm using weight. And queue management can be easy by implementation of Back Pressure scheme.

레이저를 이용한 이동차량의 속도/거리 측정용 임베디드 시스템 구현

김용권,최진규,기장근,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Choe, Jin-Kyu,Ki, Jang-Geun 한국전기전자학회 2004 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.8 No.1

In this paper, the measurement system of speed and distance of vehicles using laser is implemented and verified through the outdoor test. The implemented system consists of a laser module and a control/speed-computation module. The Former is composed of a optics part, a transmit/receive part, and a LDC(Laser Detection and Counter), and the latter is a control part that controls the laser module and a speed computation part that calculates velocity of vehicles using a microcontroller. The algorithm to compute speed has been developed to consider characteristics of laser and surrounding conditions. The implemented system has been tested and verified on the high way, and the result shows stability of the system and accuracy of the algorithm. 본 논문에서는 레이저를 이용한 이동 차량의 속도와 거리 측정 시스템을 설계하고 현장 실험을 통해 시스템을 검증하였다. 구현된 시스템은 크게 레이저모듈과 제어 및 속도 연산 모듈로 구성되어 있으며, 레이저 모듈은 레이저를 발사하고 수신하는 송수신부와 광학계 그리고 LDC(Laser Detection and Counter)로 이루어져 있고, 제어 및 속도 연산 모듈은 마이크로컨트롤러를 이용하여 레이저 모듈을 제어하기 위한 제어부와 레이저 모듈로부터 수집한 데이터를 이용하여 이동차량의 속도와 거리를 계산하는 속도 연산부로 이루어져 있다. 속도 연산을 위한 알고리즘은 레이저의 특성과 환경적인 요인을 고려해 개발하였다. 구현된 시스템은 도로상의 임의의 자동차를 대상으로 실험하였으며, 이를 통해 시스템의 안정성과 속도 알고리즘의 정확성을 검증하였다.

SH-EMAT를 이용한 알루미늄 박판의 두께감육 평가

김용권,박익근,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Park, Ik-Kuen 대한용접접합학회 2010 대한용접·접합학회지 Vol.28 No.2

In this paper, a non-contact method of evaluating the thickness reduction in an aluminum sheet caused by corrosion and friction using SH-EMAT (shear horizontal, electromagnetic acoustic transducer) is described. Since this method is based on the measurement of the time-of-flight and amplitude change of guided waves caused from the thickness reduction, it provides information on the thinning defects. Information was obtained on the changes of the various wave features, such as their time-of-flight and amplitude, and their correlations with the thickness reduction were investigated. The interesting features in the dispersive behavior of selected guided modes were used for the detection of thinning defects. The measurements of these features using SH waves were performed on aluminum specimens with regions thinned by 7.2% to 29.5% of the total thickness. It is shown that the time-of-flight measurement provides an estimation of the thickness reduction and length of the thinning defects.

패킷 필터링 시스템에서 범위 규칙의 효율적 TCAM 엔트리 변환 알고리즘 연구

김용권,조현묵,최진규,이규호,기장근,Kim, Yong-Kwon,Cho, Hyun-Mook,Choe, Jin-Kyu,Lee, Kyou-Ho,Ki, Jang-Geun 한국전기전자학회 2005 전기전자학회논문지 Vol.9 No.1

패킷 분류란 규정된 규칙과 입력된 패킷의 헤더 필드를 검색하여 매칭 여부를 판단하는 것으로 하드웨어적인 패킷 필터링 시스템은 일반적으로 Ternary Content Addressable Memory를 사용하여 구현된다. 하지만 TCAM은 구조적인 특성으로 인해 범위 규칙을 효율적으로 분류할 수 없기 때문에 기존의 필터링 시스템에서는 주어진 범위를 대표할 수 있는 prefix 형태의 값으로 범위를 변환하고 변환된 값을 TCAM 엔트리에 저장하여 패킷 필터링 을 수행하며, 이 경우 범위 규칙의 필드가 W비트일 때 최대 2W-2 개의 엔트리가 필요하다 범위 규칙이 일반적으로 패킷 헤더 필드 중 소스포트와 목적지포드 필드에 사용되는 것을 고려하면 하나의 규칙이 최대 900개의 엔트리를 점유하게 된다. 본 논문에서는 범위 규칙을 TCAM 엔트리로 변환시 점유 엔트리 수를 줄이기 위해 범위 규칙을 대칭성을 가지는 그레이 코드로 변환한 후 범위를 대표할 수 있는 TCAM 엔트리로 변환하는 알고리즘을 제시하였다. 제안된 알고리즘은 최대 2W-4 개의 TCAM 엔트리로 변환되며, 모든 범위에 대해 기존의 방법 보다 항상 더 적은 수의 TCAM 엔트리를 생성한다 또한 negation 범위에 대해서도 효율적으로 적용 할 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과 16 비트의 범위 매칭에 대해 기존의 방법보다 제안된 알고리즘이 평균 7%의 TCAM 엔트리를 감소시킬 수 있으며, 패킷의 소스와 목적지 포트를 동시에 고려하는 경우 평균 14%를 절감할 수 있고, 실제 사용되고 있는 침입탐지 프로그램의 범위 규칙에 적용시킨 결과 10% 정도의 TCAM 엔트리를 절약할 수 있음을 보였다. Packet classification is defined as the action to match the packet with a set of predefined rules. One of classification is to use Ternary Content Addressable Memory hardware search engine that has faster than other algorithmic methods. However, TCAM has some limitations. One of them is that TCAM can not perform range matching efficiently. A range has to be expanded into prefixes to fit the boundary. In general, the number of expansion could be up to 2w-2, where w is the width of the field. For example, if two range fields with 16 bits are used, there could be up to $30\;{\times}\;30\;=\;900$ expansions for a single rule. In this paper, we describe the novel algorithm for converting range matching rules into TCAM entry efficiently. The number of maximum entry is 2w-4 when using the algorithm. Furthermore, it has also benefit about the negation range. In the result of experimentation, the new scheme practically reduces 14 percent in case that searched fields are source port and destination port number.