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콘빔 전산화단층촬영(CBCT) 시스템에서 기계적 오류에 관한 연구
이이성(Yi-Seong Lee),유은정(Eun-Jeong Yoo),김승근(Seung-Keun Kim),최경식(Kyoung-Sik Choi),이정우(Jeong-Woo Lee),서태석(Tae-Suk Suh),김정구(Joeng-Koo Kim) 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2013 방사선기술과학 Vol.36 No.2
본 연구는 선형가속기의 회전불균형의 영향으로 발생 되는 CBCT 영상의 setup 오차 변화를 분석하여, 회전불균형에 대한 정도관리의 필요성을 연구 하였다. CBCT 시스템의 3차원 체적영상모드를 이용하여 360° 회전과 180° 회전으로 Catphan503 팬텀과 균질 팬텀의 3차원 영상을 획득하였고, setup 오차를 측정하기 위해 나선형 CT의 기준영상과 함께 비교 분석 하였다. 표준 정도관리의 절차를 시행하여 정상적인 상태를 확인하고, 임의적으로 갠트리의 회전균형을 조절한 후, 균형상태와 불균형상태의 각각 CBCT 영상에 대하여 X, Y, Z, Roll, Pitch, and Yaw의 6차원적 관점에서 setup 오차를 측정하고 분석하였다. Setup 오차의 변화율은 갠트리 회전균형의 조정 전·후를 확인한 결과, 직교 좌표계는 360°의 회전에서 X축 방향으로 0.6 mm, Y축 방향으로 0.5 mm, Z축 방향으로 0.5 mm의 최대 변화율을 보였다. 180°의 회전은 X축 방향으로 0.9 mm, Y축 방향은 0.2 mm, Z축 방향은 0.3 mm의 최대 변화율을 보였다. 또한 회전 변환계는 회전 불균형이 커질수록 평균적인 값의 차이가 점점 증가하였고, 최대값은 1.1°를 나타내었다. 영상의 분해능은 균형 조정 전ㆍ후 영상분석 툴에서 2 lp/㎝ 차이를 나타내었다. CBCT 시스템의 정도관리는 기준 권고안을 만족하였다. 갠트리의 회전 불균형이 클 때, setup 오차의 직교좌표계의 변화는 크지 않았으나, 회전 변환계의 변화율은 기준 권고 값인 1°에 해당하는 값과 초과하는 1.1°를 나타내었다. 이는 갠트리의 불균형이 setup 오차에 영향을 미치는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 또한 회전 변환계의 setup 오차에 대한 6차원적인 보정이 더욱 요구됨을 알 수 있다. 그러므로 정확하고 정교한 영상유도 방사선치료를 수행하기 위해서는 갠트리의 균형도를 확인해야 하며, 정도관리 항목으로 추가되어야 한다고 사료되어진다. This study investigated the rate of setup variance by the rotating unbalance of gantry in image-guided radiation therapy. The equipments used linear accelerator(Elekta Synergy ™, UK) and a three-dimensional volume imaging mode(3D Volume View) in cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) system. 2D images obtained by rotating 360°and 180° were reconstructed to 3D image. Catpan503 phantom and homogeneous phantom were used to measure the setup errors. Ball-bearing phantom was used to check the rotation axis of the CBCT. The volume image from CBCT using Catphan503 phantom and homogeneous phantom were analyzed and compared to images from conventional CT in the six dimensional view(X, Y, Z, Roll, Pitch, and Yaw). The variance ratio of setup error were difference in X 0.6 ㎜, Y 0.5 ㎜ Z 0.5 ㎜ when the gantry rotated 360° in orthogonal coordinate. whereas rotated 180°, the error measured 0.9 ㎜, 0.2 ㎜, 0.3 ㎜ in X, Y, Z respectively. In the rotating coordinates, the more increased the rotating unbalance, the more raised average ratio of setup errors. The resolution of CBCT images showed 2 level of difference in the table recommended. CBCT had a good agreement compared to each recommended values which is the mechanical safety, geometry accuracy and image quality. The rotating unbalance of gentry vary hardly in orthogonal coordinate. However, in rotating coordinate of gantry exceeded the ±1° of recommended value. Therefore, when we do sophisticated radiation therapy six dimensional correction is needed.
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김승근 韓國舞踊敎育學會 1999 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.10 No.1
The purpose of this study is to provide resources for training dancers by considering their psychological states, and to analyse dancers' psychological functions as they affect their performances. Six categories were considered : uneasiness, concentration, confidence, mental readiness, motivation and team emphasis, as they prepare for their regular performances. To this end, 289 women dancers were selected randomly who have five years dance background. To measure the dancers' six psychological functions. Mahony's questionnaire was adopted and edited for he situation of dance performance. The research topic and validity and credibility were verified though statistical processes. The conclusions are as follows: 1. Dancers' team emphasis, motivation and concentration showed a correlation greater that 50%. However, their confidence, uneasiness and psychological readiness showed less than 50%. It appeared that since their psychological readiness increased their confidence and decreased their uneasiness, dancers who are to perform in a near future, need psychological readiness most. 2. It was also discovered that as dancers develop technically and their dancing abilities improve, their concentration on the performance is enhanced.
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현대무용 남자 전공자의 공연성패에 대한 귀인지각 특성 분석
김승근 韓國舞踊敎育學會 2000 韓國舞踊敎育學會誌 Vol.11 No.2
The purpose of thin study is to identify factors eontributive to successful dance performance by dangers with an aim to discovering which contributive factory are to be utilized by which modern dancers. In this oonnection specifically difference in the level of relationship of touch contributive factors with dancers dependent, suoess or failure in the past performance of the dancers were studied. Subjects of this study were randomly selected 448 dancers who belonged to colleges and dancing troupers in Seoul area who are college junior students or above, with a dancing career of 5 years or longer. For the purpose of measuring level of consciousness of respondents on such contributive factors questionnaires to be filed in by themselves were prepared. Two types of questionnaires were prepared. One had 12 questions in 4 fields related to success or failure in performance and another one had 29 Questions in 6 fields related to measuring level of consciousness on the factors of success or failures of performance. After measurement oollected data were tested by applying t-test which is Subprogram of SPSS, ANOVA and Regression for the purpose of passing judgement on the validity of hypothesis for research. And the fellowing conclusions are drawn. First, there was no difference mean the attribution trait to success or failure in performance between modem dancer and comparative dancer group. Second, respondents who considered their past performances as successful regarded factors such as effDrts to make performance successful, level of difficulties of performance and support acting etc. possess higher level of relationship with success or failure of performance. Third, factors having most significant relationship with success or failure in a performance appeared to be luck, ability, efforts, level of difficulties, colleagues and supporting acts etc.
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