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하지 64 MDCT 혈관조영술에서 outrun 예방을 위한 검사방법
안병환(Byoung Hwan Ahn),옥승호(Seung Ho Ock),김순자(Soon Za Kim),권대철(Dae Cheol Kweon),권오성(Eun Kyoung Lee),이은경(Oh Seong Kweon),임흥선(Heung Seon Im),김명구(Myeong Goo Kim) 대한CT영상기술학회 2007 대한CT영상기술학회지 Vol.9 No.1
Purpose In present, MDCT has come into wide use. But outrun often occurs due to fast scanning and rotation time in lower extremity CT angiography with-64 MDCT. We studied the prevention to outrun in lower extremity CT angiography. Materials and Methods Between October 2006 and January 2007, during a period of 4 months, total 210 patients underwent a lower extremity CT angiography with 64 channel MDCT. We scanned patients from the level of lumber-spine three to feet in a single helical scan with 64 MDCT. Examination was scanned by each of different scanning methods. We changed the scan parameter in 3 ways. First, we set the delay time to 6.4 sec and the rotation time to 1sec. We called it to PG 1 (aorta slow). Second, we set the delay time to 20 sec and the rotation time to 0.4 sec. We called it PG 2 (aorta fast). Third method was same as PG 1 except of setting triggering level to popliteal artery. It was called for PG 3 (popliteal fast). The data from scanning was transmitted to 3D software program. Three-dimensional images were obtained using MIP(maximum intensity projection). Four radiologist evaluated all the results in reference to outrun, vein contamination, motion artifact and enhancement of vessel. Results In PG 1, there was no outrun. But it had some vein contamination and motion artifact because of long scan time. In PG 2, there was some outrun. But it had hardly vein contamination and motion artifact due to fast scan time. In PG 3, there was no outrun, too On the a:her hand, it had some vein contamination. Conclusion The best way to prevent outrun is program one (PG 1) or program three (PG 3) in lower extremity CT angiography with 64 MDCT. But each method has inherently a merit and demerit. We should use the protocol which is fit to patient history.
부적응 행동 유아와 교사의 관계 : 교사의 교수적 스트레스를 중심으로 Focused on Teaching Stress of Teachers
강정원,김순자 한국성서대학교출판부 2005 一粒論叢 Vol.11 No.-
These days, children are increasingly spending more time with their teachers in institutions than with their parents during early childhood. The goal of this research was to clarify how a child's maladjustment contributed the teacher-child relationship and teachers' teaching stress. Firstly, there was a significant correlation between maladjustment behaviors which had been perceived by teachers. In particular, ADHD was the biggest problem perceived by teachers. Secondly, it was found out that teachers had felt teaching stress by most maladjustment behaviors occurred except intellectual deficit and academic problems. Especially, the sense of frustration perceived by teachers during the process of instruction was remarkable. Thirdly, the more severe a child's maladjustment behavior was, the greater the tendency of conflict in the teacher-child relation.