바이오가스 개질을 위한 글라이딩 아크 플라즈마 개질 시스템 개발

김성천 ( Seong Cheon Kim ),양윤철 ( Yoon Cheol Yang ),전영남 ( Young Nam Chun ) 한국공업화학회 2009 공업화학 Vol.20 No.4

사이버보안 법제에 관한 연구

김성천(Seong Cheon Kim) 중앙법학회 2011 中央法學 Vol.13 No.3

Cyber security prevents the integrity and confidentiality of the information that is collected, processed, stored, browsed, transmitted, and received throughout the network from safety threatening actions such as damage, falsification, and leakage. The use of computer has expanded widely and most computers are now interconnected via internet. Accordingly, the act of violating cyber security has become a crime that invades the legally protected social interests such as public safety and public confidentiality rather than simply invading the interests of individuals. Protecting the cyber security has thus become a public mission to safeguard the important legally protected social interests - the public safety and public confidentiality of electronic information. A legislation for the protection of such interests can be studied in two areas: the prevention and the punishment. The preventive legislation is constituted in ① info-communications infrastructure protection law for protecting the info-communications infrastructures, ② information-network law for protecting the information-network and its information, and ③ national cyber safety management standards for protecting the national cyber safety. Currently, the main bodies that operate such legislation are all organized in committee. For example, Info-communications Infrastructure Protection Committee and Communications Commission. However, cyber security tasks require prompt action once the attack occurs or is imminent and it would be difficult for a committee, the meeting-based organization, to operate such tasks on time. Therefore, it would be much efficient if the security tasks were operated by independent offices as of in Germany. The punitive legislation is essential in terms of crime prevention. All types of cyber security violations have been categorized and reviewed and it seems there is not a single type which the penalty does not cover. However, such penalties are distributed into criminal law and several special laws and arise problems by making it harder to understand penalty clauses. The more actual problem linked to punishment is the anonymity of the cyber space. To overcome this problem, distinct IP needs to be assigned to each of all the internet terminals that are based on IPv6. Also, in order to overcome spatial limitlessness of the cyber space, international investigative cooperation system has to be devised. On the other hand, these solutions require some time and are not even actively promoted at the time being. Therefore, before legislative and technical complementary measures for specifying an offender is developed, more investment should be made on the prevention.

미세먼지(PM₁₀)와 초미세먼지(PM_2.1)의 농도와 폐포 침착율 조사

김성천,Kim, Seong Cheon 한국환경보건학회 2019 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.45 No.2

Objectives: In this study, a nine-stage cascade impactor was used to collect dust, and the concentration of $PM_{2.1}$ & $PM_{10}$ and alveolar deposition ratio were investigated. Methods: This study was conducted at Kunsan National University from May to June 2016. A nine-stage Cascade Impactor was used to analyze the concentrations of fine and ultrafine dust and to estimate the alveolar deposition rate by particle size of atmospheric dust particles. The pore size of each stage of the collector used in this study gradually increased from F to 0, with the F-stage as the last stage. Results: The mass fraction of PM showed a bimodal distribution divided into $PM_{2.1}$ & $PM_{10}$ based on $2.1-3.1{\mu}m$. The average mass fraction of particulate matter in the range of $2.1-3.1{\mu}m$ was 44%, and the area occupied by $PM_{2.1}$ was similar. Therefore, the Gunsan area is considered to be a region where there are similar effects from anthropogenic and natural sources. Conclusion: Dust collecting efficiency increased with the stage of collecting fine dust, and the efficiency of collection was very low at the stage of collecting ultra-fine dust. The seasonal overall efficiency of the Cascade Impactor was 44% in spring and 37.4% in summer, and the average overall efficiency was 40.7%. The alveolar deposition rate of $PM_{2.1}/PM_{10}$ during the sampling period was estimated to be about 75% deposited in the alveoli.

청소년의 성보호

김성천(Seong Cheon Kim) 중앙법학회 2005 中央法學 Vol.7 No.3

폴리설폰 중공사막을 이용한 연소 배기가스 중 이산화탄소 분리에 관한 연구

김성천(Seong Cheon Kim),전정현(Jeong Hyeon Chun),전영남(Young Nam Chun) 大韓環境工學會 2014 대한환경공학회지 Vol.36 No.2

본 연구에서는 폴리설폰 중공사막을 이용하여 화석연료 연소에서 배출되는 온실가스 중 CO₂의 회수에 관한 연구를 실시하였다. 고농도의 CO₂를 회수하기 위한 막분리 공정에 대한 선행연구이다. 혼합가스 분리거동 관찰을 위하여 이산화탄소가 10% 함유된 배기가스를 사용하였다. 압력, 온도, 주입가스 조성, 다단 막 변화를 주어 스테이지 컷에 따른 분리 성능을 조사하였다. 압력과 온도가 증가 할수록 투과측에 CO₂ 농도와 회수율이 증가하였다. 주입 가스 조성 변화 시 CO₂의 함량이 높을 경우 회수율 및 분리 효율이 높아졌다. 3단 분리막 시스템을 이용시 CO₂ 농도 95% 이상, 회수율 90% 이상 보였으며 1단분리막 보다 분리율이 향상되었다. In this research, polysulfone hollow fiber membrane was used to recover CO₂ which is one of greenhouse gases from flue gas stream being emitted after the combustion of fossil fuels. The prerequisite requirement is to design the membrane process producing high-purity CO₂ from flue gas. For separation of CO₂, a membrane module and flue gas containing 10% carbon dioxide was used. The effects of operating conditions such as pressure, temperature, feed gas composition and multi-stage membrane on separation performance were examined at various stage cuts. Higher operating pressure and temperature increased carbon dioxide concentration and recovery ratio in permeate. Recovery ratio and separation efficiency increased if a higher content of CO₂ injection gas composition. Three-stage membrane system was producing a 95% CO₂ with 90% recovery from flue gas. The separation efficiency of three-stage membrane system was higher than one-stage system.

부작위로서의 위력과 업무방해

金聖天(Seong Cheon Kim) 중앙법학회 2014 中央法學 Vol.16 No.3

On March 1st of 2006, the members of the national railway union went on a strike for 85 hours. Regarding this matter, the Supreme Court said that this falls under a group denial of service provision which critically interrupts the business management by having a strike at a time the employer cannot possibly predict thereby impairing or limiting the business related judgements made by the employer. Accordingly, this case was considered to be a business obstruction.obstruction is established only if the force is used as a means of accomplishing the purpose. The force is defined as the use of assault or threat where the aforementioned strike is an offence only if it is considered to have used the force. On the other hand, a strike is an act in which the laborers stop providing the service as a group and the question that needs to be asked is whether this is a commission or an omission.Supreme Court considered the strike as commission because they saw it as forcing the employer in order to fulfill their goal by refusing to provide service. At this point, a few ideas were reviewed to find a reasonable standard for distinguishing between commission and omission. Among those ideas, the energy-input theory seemed most reasonable. According to this idea, denial of service provision is an act in which the energy-input required for labor is stopped and because there is no more energy-input, the act is then considered as an omission. In this regards, the precedent which considered the strike as commission is not reasonable. even if the denial of service provision is an omission, if it is acknowledged as an assault or threat, it can still be considered as a business obstruction. Assault by omission can be acknowledged based the commissive duty which removes the physical influence from the body of an employer. However, assault by omission cannot be acknowledged in this case because the employer was not physically assaulted.fact that the union told the employer that they are going to stop providing the labor service if their demands are not met can be considered as a threat. However, in order for threat to be acknowledged, the demands should contain illegality. However, there was no illegality in the demands given by the railway union and the denial of service provision itself is neither illegal nor subject to criminal punishment. the major opinion about the precedent which sees the act of denial of service provision by strike as a commission and business obstruction does not seem reasonable. Where the opposing opinion which criticizes the major opinion and sees the strike as an omission that does not possess the forcibility required for acknowledging the business obstruction seems rather reasonable.

북한의 예심제도

김성천(Kim, Seong-Cheon) 중앙법학회 2021 中央法學 Vol.23 No.3

지구상에서 가장 먼저 예심제도를 도입한 나라는 프랑스이다. 1522년에 예심 절차를 담당하는 형사총감이라는 직책을 만들면서 시작된 것이다. 예심제도를 도입한 이유는 규문주의의 폐단 때문이다. 프랑스의 예심제도를 ‘프랑스식 규문주의’라고 보는 입장도 있지만, 소추기관과 재판기관이 인적으로 분리되어 있는가를 기준으로 판단하자면 프랑스의 예심제도는 탄핵주의에 속한다고 할 수 있다. 재판기관이 수사까지 담당하는 규문주의가 가지는 중요한 문제점은 재판기관이 수사를 개시하면서 스스로 오판을 하면 그 상황에서 벗어나기가 거의 불가능하다는 점이다. 이는 자신의 판단이 잘못되었다는 것을 인정하지 않고자 하는 인간의 본성 때문에 발생하는 현상이어서 규문주의를 폐지하지 않는 한 시정이 불가능한 문제이다. 이를 시정하는 방법이 여러 가지가 있을 수 있는데, 프랑스는 예심판사를 별도로 두는 방식을 취하였다. 이러한 예심제도를 가지고 있는 국가가 별로 많지 않은 상황에서 북한이 예심제도를 가지고 있다는 사실이 상당히 특이해 보인다. 북한의 예심제도가 프랑스에서 직접 계수된 것은 아닌 것으로 생각된다. 그보다는 프랑스의 예심제도를 수입한 소비에트연방공화국을 통해서 도입된 것으로 추정된다. 해방 이후에 소련이 북한을 점령하였고 소련군에 입대했던 김일성이 권력을 잡았기 때문에 소련의 영향이 있었을 것으로 보인다. 북한의 예심제도는 프랑스와는 상당한 차이가 있다. 예심제도가 소련을 거쳐 수입되면서 매우 독특한 형태로 정착되었다. 우선 예심원이 스스로 예심을 개시할 수는 없고, 반드시 수사원, 검사 또는 재판소의 요청이 있어야 예심을 시작할 수 있다는 점에서 남한의 경찰과는 다른 속성을 가지고 있다. 예심의 모든 절차가 검사의 지휘 아래 진행된다는 측면에서는 남한의 검찰 수사관에 해당하는 조직으로 볼 수 있다. 또 한편으로 예심원은 사실관계를 확정하는 기능을 가지고 있다. 예심이 종결되고 검사가 기소를 하면 재판소는 형벌 부과에 대해서만 논의를 할 수 있다. 사실관계에 오류가 발견되면 재판을 중지한 후 사건을 예심원으로 돌려보낼 수 있을 뿐이다. 이러한 면에서 보면 북한의 예심은 남한에서 공판절차가 2단계로 분리될 경우에 제1단계에 해당한다고 할 수 있다. 여러 가지 면모를 들여다봐도 북한의 예심이 남한의 어느 소송절차에 해당한다는 언급을 하는 것은 불가능해 보인다. 북한의 예심제도는 그 원류인 프랑스의 예심제도와도 상당히 다른 아주 독특한 제도라고 할 수 있다. France was the first country on earth to introduce an Investigating Judge. It began in 1522 with the creation of the position of lieutenant particular criminal in charge of pretrial proceedings. The reason for introducing the pretrial system is because of the disadvantages of the Principle of Inquisition. Some view the French pretrial system as a "French Principle of Inquisition", but if it is judged based on whether the prosecution and the judiciary are individually separated, the French pretrial system can be said to belong to the Principle of Accusation. An important problem with the Principle of Inquisition, in which the court is in charge of the investigation, is that it is almost impossible to get out of the situation if the court makes an erroneous judgment while initiating the investigation. This is a phenomenon that occurs because of human nature not to admit that one"s judgment is wrong, and it is a problem that cannot be corrected unless the Principle of Inquisition is abolished. There may be several ways to correct this, but France took the method of having a separate Investigating Judge. The fact that North Korea has a pretrial system seems quite unusual in a situation where not many countries have such a pretrial system. It is believed that North Korea"s pretrial system was not directly counted in France. Rather, it is presumed that it was introduced through the Soviet Union, which imported the French pretrial system. After the liberation of Korea, the Soviet Union occupied North Korea and Kim Il-sung, who enlisted in the Soviet Army, came to power, so it is likely that there was a Soviet influence. North Korea"s pretrial system is quite different from that of France. As the pretrial system was imported through the Soviet Union, it was established in a very unique form. First of all, it has different properties from the South Korean police in that an Investigating Judge cannot initiate a trial on their own, and can only start a trial with the request of an investigator, prosecutor, or court. In the sense that all procedures of the preliminary trial are conducted under the direction of the prosecutor, it can be seen as an organization that corresponds to the South Korean prosecutor"s investigator. On the other hand, the Investigating Judge has the function of confirming the facts. After the trial has been concluded and the prosecution has made an indictment, the tribunal can only discuss the imposition of a penalty. If an error is found in the facts, the case can only be returned to the Investigating Judge after the trial is stopped. In this respect, North Korea"s pretrial system can be said to correspond to the first stage when the trial procedure in South Korea is divided into two stages. It seems impossible to say that North Korea"s pretrial system corresponds to any criminal procedure in South Korea, even if we look at various aspects. North Korea"s pretrial system can be said to be a very unique system that is quite different from the French pretrial system, its origin.

금지착오 규정상의 정당한 이유에 대한 연구

김성천 ( Seong Cheon Kim ) 한국비교형사법학회 2008 비교형사법연구 Vol.10 No.1

고층APT에서 배수통기설비의 재고

김성천,정준권,유연철,Kim, Seong-Cheon,Choung, Jun-Gwon,Yoo, Youn-Chul 대한설비공학회 1986 설비저널 Vol.15 No.1

최근의 열원 및 공조설비의 동향

김성천,정후권,우태성,심락권,Kim Seong Cheon,Choung Jun Gwon,Woo Tae Sung,Sim Nak Kwon 대한설비공학회 1985 설비저널 Vol.14 No.3