The Iron Age of Myth Criticism : Does It Have a Future?

김성렬(Sung-Ryol Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2005 영미어문학 Vol.- No.76

The question this paper seeks to examine is the relevance of myth criticism in the age of postmodernism, where quaint notions of structure and universal archetypes embedded in the collective unconscious apparently appear naive and outdated. The tremendous impact of poststructuralism in the late seventies to mid-eighties has provided the theoretical underpinning for this postmodern paradigm shift. Eric Gould has attempted to move myth criticism in a poststructuralist direction by radically redefining myth as a part of the symbolic order of language, caught within its endless play of signifiers and signified, which he calls the ontological gap between event and meaning. Jung's, Frye's, Girard's theories fail because they do not take into account the process of interpretation, which entails the recognition that myth is a part of language. But myth studies has not moved in a poststructuralist / postmodernist direction. It still remains concerned with myth's structural function and its capacity to endow a literary work with emotional resonance. Moreover, it has gone beyond its traditional concerns by addressing issues of gender and race. Myth criticism, then, continues to be relevant, and may even experience a renaissance given the renewed interest in science fiction, which in Ursula Le Guin's phrase is simply "warmed over myth." A brief discussion of Aliens 3 is offered to show the usefulness of myth criticism in the analysis of science fiction.

The Comic Subtext of Conrad’s Under Western Eyes (pp.21-32)

Sung-Ryol Kim(김성렬) 신영어영문학회 2007 신영어영문학 Vol.36 No.-

This study attempts to examine the comic layer underneath the overt tragedy of Under Western Eyes (1911) as instances of comedy repeatedly burst through the tragic darkness. Razumov himself has called himself a victim in a “comedy of errors.” To appreciate the humor, one must recognize the incongruities and absurdities that Conrad multiplies in the novel, and incongruity has long been recognized as a key ingredient of comedy from Schopenhauer, to Kant, and to Eastman. In the novel, the comically incongruous frequently derives from the morally incongruous. In addition to verbal play and explicit instances of laughter, sight gags related to percipience and comic misinterpretations of the physical abound. This comic thread unifies the opening and the “jarring” conclusion.

Lord Jim as Heroic Romance

김성렬(Kim Sung Ryol) 새한영어영문학회 2004 새한영어영문학 Vol.46 No.3

이 논문은 콘래드의 로드 짐을 영웅적 로맨스로서 고찰한 것이다. 이 소설의 주제는 정체성의 지속을 상실한 로맨스의 본질을 반영한 것이다. 소설의 구조 또한 로맨스의 구조의 전형-밤의 세계로 내려갔다가 목가적인 세계로 귀환하는-이 되고 있다. 이 소설은 로맨스처럼 짐이 그의 도약을 설명할 수 없을 때 의식이 중단됨으로써 일련의 모험을 시작한다. 그래서 짐은 도약을 함으로써 자기 자신을 영웅으로서 평소에 품어왔던 생각을 잃게 된다.<br/> 짐이 이 소설 모두에서는 영웅으로 나오지 않는다는 반론은 당면문제와는 관계가 없다. 문제가 되는 것은 짐이 무엇을 믿느냐 이다. 그의 모든 존재는 영웅적 이상으로 충만해 있다. 그리고 영웅적 이상은 그의 정체성의 본질이고 또한 프랑스 중위와 스탠튼의 예가 명확히 해 주듯이 영웅적 이상이 없이는 짐은 살아갈 수가 없다. 짐은 그의 정체성을 회복하는 과정에서 암흑가로 여행을 하고 거기에서 자기 도취주의자의 모습을 한 브리얼리를 먼저 만난다. 그는 식인종인 로빈슨과 같이 밤의 세계의 맨 밑바닥까지 이른다. 짐은 일차적 도약을 지워버리는 파투산에서의 이차적 도약으로 상승을 시작한다. 그는 대립자인 악마 같은 신사 브라운을 버린다. 그리고 두 번째 심판을 겪고 거짓 정체성을 전제로 했던 첫 번째 심판을 완전히 무효로 한다. 의미심장하게도 그는 그의 기억 또한 회복하고 의식의 갭을 메꾼다. 소설이 그의 신부인 자아-이상과의 결혼으로 끝나게 될 때 짐은 성공적으로 그의 잃어버렸던 영웅적 정체성을 회복하는 그의 추구를 성취한다.

D. H. Lawrence s The Rainbow : The Struggle for Intimacy

김성렬(Sung Ryol Kim) 한국영미어문학회 2016 영미어문학 Vol.- No.122

Critics have naturally been attracted to the male-female relationships in D. H. Lawrence s corpus. This article aims to contribute to the discussion of this theme by focusing upon the threat posed by the desire for knowledge of the Other and upon the danger of an intimacy that seeks to violate the essence of self. It examines the three major heterosexual relationships (Tom and Lydia, Will and Anna, and Skrebensky and Ursula) in Lawrence s The Rainbow (1915). Each couple struggles to achieve a healthy intimacy, which is difficult because the desire for an intimate union entails risks to an individual s autonomy and integrity. Tom and Lydia succeed mainly because Tom recognizes the limits to the knowledge of the Other, the paradoxical mystery of Otherness that should not be violated, anticipating what Luce Irigaray has called the remainder that cannot be consumed in the relationship. Will fails to reach a harmonious union between himself and Anna in the marriage because of his desire to consume and possess Anna in totality, not knowing that it is wrong, causing her to rebel and strike back. His desire stems from his inability to stand alone. The best they can manage is a subdued friendship. The struggle between Skrebensky and Ursula ends in utter failure due to Skrebensky s weakness as Ursula dominates him, destroying the vital integrity of his selfhood. This essay seeks to clarify the relationship between men and women by focusing upon intimacy, selfhood, and autonomy.

Hermeneutic Objectivity and Validity - A Case of Feminist Misreading of Paradise Lost, Book 11. 573-87

Kim Sung Ryol(김성렬) 한국영미어문학회 2006 영미어문학 Vol.- No.78

  This article engages in a debate with Anna K. Juhnke"s feminist reading of the sons of God episode in Book 11 of Paradise Lost in order to demonstrate that "traditional" criteria for interpretive objectivity and validity still retain their usefulness despite the postmodern Zeitgeist of relativity. The author counters Juhnke"s misreading by a close examination of the historical evidence, the biblical-exegetical commentary surrounding Genesis 6.1-6.4, ranging chronologically from major figures such as Augustine, Luther, Calvin and to minor commentators of the sixteenth century. Well aware of the "viciousness" of the hermeneutic circle, the author believes that comprehensiveness, what he calls the "iron discipline of context," provides the best guard. Against this historical background, the sons of God episode is reconsidered to demonstrate its emphatic antimisogyny, for Milton"s narrative manipulation reveals that the sons of God have already fallen before they encounter the bevy of fair women. In this demonstration, the concept of authorial design and intention are used to support the argument.

The Iron Age of Myth Criticism

Sung Ryol Kim(김성렬) 새한영어영문학회 2005 새한영어영문학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.5

Hardy's Ironic Tapestry : Epic and Mythological Strands in Tess of the d'Urbervilles

Sung Ryol Kim(김성렬) 새한영어영문학회 2009 새한영어영문학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.10

투석치료와 잔여신기능이 만성 신부전 환자의 후각기능에 미치는 영향

조영일(Young Il Jo),신석균(Sug Kyun Shin),김진국(Jin Kook Kim),김성렬(Seong Ryol Kim),이해운(Hae Woon Lee),이준상(Joon Sang Lee),강동구(Dong Koo Kang),송종오(Jong Oh Song) 대한신장학회 2002 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.21 No.5

목 적 : 만성 신부전 환자에서 신기능 감소에 따른 후각장애는 심각한 영양장애를 유발할 수 있다. 저자들은 만성 신부전 환자에서 후각기능에 영향을 주는 요인과 적절한 투석치료가 이러한 후각장애에 어떤 영향을 미치는지에 대해서 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 혈액투석을 시행 중인 환자 (HD군) 28명, 복막투석을 시행 중인 환자 (PD군) 22명, 투석치료를 시행하지 않는 만성 신부전 환자 (pre-dialysis관) 20명, 그리고 신기능이 정상인 자원자 (control군) 20명을 대상으로 하였다 CC-SIT (1?-item Cross-Cultural Smell Identification Test) 키트를 이용한 후각기능 검사를 시행하였고, Ccr, Kru, URR, Kt/V_urea, total Kt/V 등의 인자와 후각기능과의 상관관계를 평가하였다. 결 과 : Pre-dialysis군의 CC-SIT 점수는 대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 (p=0.01), HD군 및 PD군은 대조군과 유의한 차이가 없었다 (p=0.28). 혈액투석 전과 후의 CC-SfT 점수는 차이가 없었다. HD군에서는 total Kt/V와 CC-SIT 점수사이에 상관관계를 보였으며 (r=0.,39, p=0.03), HD군 및 PD군에서 Kt/V_urea, URR 및 Kru와 CC-SIT 점수 사이에는 상관성이 없었다 (p>0.05). 만성 신부전 환자에서 후각기능에 영향을 주는 인자는 total Kt/V와 Ccr 이었는데, total Kt/V는 HD군에서만 CC-SIT 점수와 양의 상관관계를 보였고, Ccr은 pre-dialysis군과 대조군에서만 CC-SIT 점수와 양의 상관성을 보였다 (r=0.58, p=0.0001). 연령은 대조군에서만 CC-SIT 점수와 음의 상관성을 보였다 (r=-0.76, p=0.0001). BUN, 혈청 Cr 농초, 혜모글로빈, 혈청 알부민 농도, nPCR, i-PTH, 성별, 원인 신질환, 투석기간 둥은 모든 군에서 CC-SIT 점수와 유의한 상관성이 관찰되지 않았다 (p>0.05). 결 론 : 만성 신부전 환자에서 후각기능은 신기능이 감소함에 따라 저하되며, 적절한 투석치료를 시행하는 환자에서는 후각기능이 정상 대조군의 수준으로 개선된다. 만성 신부전 환자에서 후각기능에 영향을 주는 인자는 비투석군에서는 Ccr, 혈액투석군에서는 total Kt/V이다. Purpose : The object of the present study were to clarify the effect of dialysis treatment and residual renal function on olfactory function of patients with chronic renal failure and to assess the correlations between the Cross Cultural Smell Identification Test (CC-SIT) scores and various clinical variables. Methods : Ninety subjects were studied and divided four groups; age- and sex-matched healthy controls (Control, n=20), patients with varying degree of renal insufficiency but not on dialysis (Predialysis, n=20), patients on CAPD (PD, n=22), and patients on hemodialysis (HD, n=28). We performed olfactory function test using the CC-SIT kit and compared the CC-SIT scores of each of the groups. Results : The CC-SIT scores of each of the groups were; Control : 8.6±1.5, Pre-dialysis : 7.2±2.0, PD:8.1±1.2, HD:8.5±1.4. In Pre-dialysis group, the CC-SIT scores were significantly lower than Control group (p=0.01). But, no significant difference was observed in the CC-SIT scores between HD and PD group and control group (p>0.05). Creatinine clearance was positively correlated with the CC-SIT scores in control and Pre-dialysis group (r=0.58, p= 0.0001). Total Kt/V was positively correlated with the CC-SIT scores only in HD group (r=0.39, p0.03). But, no correlation was found between Kt/ V_urea, URR or residual renal function and the CC-SIT scores in HD and PD group (p>0.05). Age was negatively correlated with the CC-SIT scores only in Control group (r=-0.76, p=0.0001). Conclusion : Our results indicate that smell disturbance in patients with chronic renal faliure can be recovered by adequate dialysis treatment.

항결핵제 치료시 발생하는 부작용

이해운,김성렬,강동구,이준상,유광하,진춘조 건국대학교 의과학연구소 2003 건국의과학학술지 Vol.13 No.-

One hundred thirty seven patients with pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis who visited Konkuk University Hospital between July 1996 and July 2002, were treated with isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide. Among these patients, ten patients had underlying diabetes mellitus, and three HB viral hepatitis. Their medical chart were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the adverse effects of anti -tuberculous medication. The major side effects of patients are gastrointestinal intolerance(26.4%) and hepatotoxicity(25.3%). Minor side effects are itching sensation, fever, skin eruption, myalgia, arthlagia, and other hypersensitivity reaction. We evaluated the onset, duration, and management of side effect during TB medication according to underlying diseases