중국인 한국어 학습자의 어순 습득에 대한 종적 연구 - 통사 및 담화 층위의 발달 양상을 중심으로 -

김보영 ( Boyeong Kim ) 연세대학교 언어연구교육원 한국어학당 2020 외국어로서의 한국어교육 Vol.58 No.-

This study aims to investigate the syntactic and discourse/pragmatic developmental pattern of word order of 3 Chinese learners based on their longitudinal Korean writing and interview data for 1 year and 6 months. The results of this study are as follows. First, learner A, learner B, and learner C often failed to correctly use word order items that were not properly mastered at the beginner level even at the intermediate level or advanced level. In particular, it is difficult for learners to master general adverbs ‘many(많이)', ‘well(잘)', frequency adverbs ‘always(항상)', and negation adverbs ‘안' regardless of proficiency. The three learners could not master word order for inter-adverbs, word order for complex sentence elements, or word order of noun phrases even at advanced level. Second, this study also examined whether Chinese learners of Korean use word order as a communication strategy with discourse function. Although a few cases have been found for the 3 learners where they increased the clarity of discourse or attempted to communicate effectively through a leftward inversion or a rightward inversion, more often cases have been found in which the word order inversion was overused in situations where the learner did not need the specific discourse function intended. The latter cases were all found in the intermediate level or higher.

한국어 진행상 ‘-고 있-’의 습득 연구 -중국인 학습자를 중심으로-

김보영 ( Kim Boyeong ) 한국언어문화교육학회 2017 언어와 문화 Vol.13 No.3

This study aims to examine Korean progressive acquisition ‘-ko iss-’ of Chinese learners by level and L1 effect. For this, this study consists of Chinese and other learner’s corpus with 13,957 words. The findings are like follows. Firstly, 4 errors of 17 in an original word have ‘resultive’ meaning and 13 errors of 17 have ‘progressive in action’ meaning in the acquisition of Korean progressive acquisition ‘-ko iss-’. Secondly, the errors of Chinese and other L1 learners in the ‘-ko iss-’ obligatory texts do not reveal any statistical significance. Only Chinese learners, however, have 5 misform errors in the progressive acquisition. Thirdly, the ratio of errors decreased in Chinese learner’s progressive acquisition as the level goes up from low to high. Fourthly, Chinese learners use ‘-ko iss-’ with activity verbs in the low level. As the level goes up, Chinese learners extend ‘-ko iss-’ to accomplishment and achievement verbs; do not extend to psychological verbs. Fifthly, we found 4 counter-examples of Aspect Hypothesis that combine ‘-ko iss-’ with stative verbs. (Yonsei University)

한국어 학습자의 과거시제 형태소 ‘-었-’ 습득 양상 -시간 부사와의 상호관련성을 중심으로-

김보영 ( Kim Boyeong ) 한국언어문화교육학회 2018 언어와 문화 Vol.14 No.1

This study aims to examine the acquisition of the Korean past tense '-eott-' and time adverbials in L2 Korean learners. To do this, this study used the longitudinal written texts of 6 Korean learners. The findings as follows. Firstly, the 6th week texts show the most errors in the usage of ‘-eott-’ in the final sentences; the 20th week texts show errors of relative time reference in coordinate and subordinate sentences; the 30th week texts show the most errors related to lexical aspect. Secondly, time adverbials are used more frequently in the early stages of acquisition. The learners used ‘-eott-’ more in the texts of the 20th and 30th weeks than in the 6th week. Finally, it seems safe to conclude that the function and role of time adverbials changes form tense-substitute to tense-reminder with longitudinal changes. (Yonsei University)

중국인 한국어 학습자의 과거시제 습득 양상에 대한 종적 연구 - 인터뷰 자료를 중심으로 -

김보영 ( Kim Boyeong ) 연세대학교 언어정보연구원(구 연세대학교 언어정보개발원) 2017 언어사실과 관점 Vol.41 No.-

This paper examines the acquisition of tense-aspect morphology in two Chinese learners of Korean. This paper has been designed to track developmental aspect of past tense form and to verify the Aspect Hypothesis through a longitudinal corpus. It was found that (1) two children use past tense form predominantly with [+telic] (accomplishment/ achievement verbs) than [-telic] (action/ state verbs); (2) in the stage 1 and stage 4, they use past tense form with accomplishment verbs the most; (3) in the stage 2 and stage 3, they use past tense form with achievement verbs the most. The result shows the pattern of the development of tense-aspect form is based on prototype formation (the correlations between verbs with [+telic] and past tense form `-ess-`) partially from non-past tense errors in the past tense obligatory contexts; the pattern in the early development of tense-aspect of Chinese acquisition of Korean have gaps with earlier studies.

한국어 학습자 말뭉치 분석을 통한 표현 문형 오류 분포 연구 -담화 유형과 담화 장르를 중심으로-

김보영 ( Kim Boyeong ) 국제어문학회(구 국제어문학연구회) 2021 국제어문 Vol.- No.89

본 연구는 한국어 학습자들의 문구어 말뭉치 자료를 대상으로 문형별, 담화 유형별, 담화 장르별로 표현 문형 오류가 어떻게 나타나는지 그 분포 양상을 살펴보고 한국어 학습자의 표현 문형 오류 양상과 오류 층위별 특징을 담화 유형과 담화 장르를 중심으로 검토하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 한국인 화자가 관습적으로 사용하는 한국어 표현 문형은 문법 단위를 넘어서 모어 화자가 산출하는 담화의 유형, 기능, 장르(종류) 등과 밀접하게 관련이 있는 개념이다. 따라서 한국어 학습자들이 표현 문형을 구사할 때에도 문법 지식의 오류를 넘어 담화나 장르, 화용 영역에서의 오류로 확장할 가능성이 있다. 본 연구는 국립국어원의 학습자 오류 주석 말뭉치(문어: 462,325 어절, 구어: 349,906 어절, 812,231 어절)를 활용하였다. 국립국어원 학습자 말뭉치 주석은 모든 오류마다 빠짐없이 부착되는 기본 주석과 선택적으로 부착되는 확장 주석의 두 단계로 이루어져 있다. 먼저 오류 양상은 기본 주석으로서 누락, 오형태, 대치, 첨가로 주석되며 다음으로 오류 층위는 오류가 나타난 언어 영역을 발음, 형태(굴절 활용), 통사(시제, 사동, 피동, 부정), 담화 영역(구어/문어 오류) 중에서 선택적으로 주석된다. 한국어 학습자의 표현 문형 오류 분포는 다음과 같다. 먼저 표현 문형별 분포를 보면 부정을 나타내는 ‘-지 않’의 오류 빈도가 가장 높고 ‘-는 것’, ‘게 하’ 등의 순서로 오류 빈도가 높았다. 두 번째로, 담화 유형별 오류 항목 순위를 보면 문어에서는 ‘-지 않’, ‘-게 하’, ‘-을 것이’ 등의 순서로 오류 빈도가 높게 나타난 반면, 구어에서는 ‘-을 수 있’, ‘-을 때’ 등의 순서로 오류 빈도가 높게 나타났으며 담화 유형에 따른 숙달도별 차이도 통계적으로 유의미한 것으로 나타났다(x² =22.944, p<0.05). 세 번째로, 담화 장르별 표현 문형 오류 분포는 생활문에서의 오류 빈도가 다른 장르에 비해 가장 많았고 역시 생활문 장르에서 다양한 표현 문형 오류를 확인할 수 있었다. 마지막으로 표현 문형의 오류 양상별 특징(누락, 오형태, 대치, 첨가), 오류 층위별 특징(발음, 형태, 통사, 담화)은 담화 장르에 따른 분포에서는 유의미한 차이를 보이지 않았으나 담화 유형별 분포에서 x² 검정 시 통계적으로 유의미한 차이를 보였다(오류 양상: x²= x²=55.733, p<0.05, 오류 층위: x²=124.084, p<0.05). This study aims to examine the distribution patterns of formulaic expression errors by sentence type, discourse type, and discourse genre using a Korean learner corpus (written and spoken). The study also investigates the characteristics of the error aspects and error layers of formulaic expressions focusing on the discourse type and genre. The data were drawn from the learners’ error corpus (written: 462,325 words; spoken: 349,906 words; total: 812,231 words) of the National Institute of the Korean Language. The learner corpus annotation of the National Institute of the Korean Language has two levels: a basic annotation attached to every error, and an extended annotation attached selectively to errors. The error aspect has the basic annotation of omission, misformation, replacement, or addition, while the error layer is selectively annotated as pronunciation, morphology, syntax and discourse. The distribution of formulaic expression errors of Korean learners is as follows: By formulaic expression type, the error frequency of -ji an indicating negation was the highest, followed by -neun geot and -ge ha. The ranking of errors by discourse type in written language by frequency was in the order -ji an, -ge ha, and -eul geosi, whereas in the spoken language, the most common errors were -eul su it and -eul ttae. The difference in mastery by discourse type was also found to be statistically significant (x² = 22.944, p < 0.05). By discourse genre, the frequency of errors was higher in experiential writing than in other genres, and certain formulaic expression errors were commonly found in experiential writing. Lastly, the characteristics of each error aspect (omission, misformation, replacement, addition) and error layer (pronunciation, morphology, syntax, discourse) showed statistically significant differences in distribution by discourse type (for error aspect: x² = 55.733, p < 0.05; for error layer: x² = 124.084, p < 0.05).

포스터 전시회 : Modal Data 분석을 통한 실제도로 주행 배출가스 특성 평가

윤시훈 ( Sihoon Yune ),김보영 ( Boyeong Kim ),박준홍 ( Junhong Park ),차준표 ( Junpyo Cha ),전문수 ( Munsoo Chon ) 한국액체미립화학회 2015 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.-

Recently, an emission test procedure with PEMS(Portable Emissions Measurement Systems) has been received a lot of attention as an effective means of controlling real-driving emissions from light-duty diesel vehicles. In the present study, on-road NOx emissions were measured for 1 kinds of Euro 6 Korean light-duty diesel vehicle for real driving conditions including urban, rural and motorway test routes. Real driving emission characteristics were evaluated with both MAW(Moving Averaging Window) and Modal Data.