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고은미의 “Double Concerto”에 사용된 12음에 의한 캐논 기법
고은미 이화여자대학교 음악연구소 2005 이화음악논집 Vol.9 No.-
This essay is abstracted from my dissertation, the Double Concerto with Analysis consists of two parts, While my doctoral dissertation has put emphasis on sectional analysis of Double Concerto, this essay was intended to develop a new theory on the canon based on twelve notes. The essay consist four part. The first part, the preliminary theory for the composition of the Canon. focuses on PTO, the basis for the canonic theory in the in preparation for the second part. The second part, analysis of the composition is divided into five sections with a formal analysis of the composition and its structure based on pitch progression with variations. The third part, explains the form and The fourth part, analysis of structural orchestration. The primary object of composing the Double Concerto is an improvement of the concept in regard to linear, horizontal, and harmonic relationships of traditional canon. Traditional Canon has had three basic drawbacks: (1) Dux and Comes is limited by concept of consonace and disonance in mode. And it is limited by complement relationship in tonal harmony; (2) Inspite of that the concept of Dux and Comes in canon is based on polyphony texture basically, the concept is composed of monophony imitation in melodic line; and (3) Rhythmic organization of Dux and Comes in traditional canon has not been dealt distinctively from pitch function. In order to remedy those defects in the traditional canon, this Double Concerto has taken the following new alternatives: (1) New complementary relationships are developed between the Dux and Comes in twelve-tone procedure; (2) Melodic line of Dux and Comes is constructed polyphonically. And Comes is constructed according variations of melodic interval of Dux ; and (3) Pitch function is applied to rhythmic organization. The theory which is used in this composition should not be limited to the present composition only, but also can be served as a generalized theory applicable to any canonic composition with twelve-tone. This Double Concerto attempts to remedy drawbacks exsisting in the traditional canon with the payment of special attention to maintaining the basic principle and theory found in the canon and develop canon for twentieth century based upon twelve-tone theory.
고은미 한국서양음악학회 2007 서양음악학 Vol.10 No.2
Schönberg's 《Six Little Piano Pieces》 reveals through analysis that, based upon constituent musical intervals in the exposition at the beginning of each piece, motif processing occurs throughout the pieces in term of melody and chord, in the process that each musical interval is separated from its individual role as a motif and processes itself anew, to form a strong contrast in expression. In such radical motif processing, every shape which consists of each piece displays its own characteristic features, and at the same time interrelates with one another. In a broad sense, this interrelationship is reflected throughout the entire work. Furthermore, since Schönberg did not allow any simple, meaningless repetition in his works, his avoidance of repetition can be seen through all the musical methods, in various ways, not only in the melodic, chordal, rhythmic ways, but also in techniques, ranging from the internal structure to the external and formal. The irregularity on the surface overall, however, results from a sort of concealment technique for the internal regularity. In particular, symmetrical elements here carry weight in the whole structure of the opus as well as the structure of each piece. To sum up, 《Six Little Piano Pieces》 shows how the double-edged meaning of an 'idea', Schönberg's fundamental intention, materialized not just for a single piece but for a perfectly organic structure of the entire work.
고은미,안주희,남기정,남경희,박기웅,백경환,김창기 한국잔디학회 2013 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.2 No.1
The phenotypic traits of herbicide-tolerant transgenic rice were compared with those of wild type (Dongjin) as well as two accessions (Hwaseong-aengmi 1 and Gwangyang-aengmi 12) of weedy rice. This study was conducted to investigate whether unintentional alterations in phenotypic characteristics occurred in the transgenic rice and whether the altered traits were similar to those in the two weedy rices. All qualitative traits studied were similar in the transgenic or wild-type rice. On the other hand, awn presence, flag leaf attitude and grain color differed considerably between herbicide-tolerant transgenic rice and weedy rice. As for quantitative traits,plant height, the number of tillers per plant and shoot dry weight were significantly greater for weedy rice than transgenic or wild-type rice. Grain weight per plant and 1000-grain weight of transgenic (or wild-type) rice were significantly greater than those of weedy rice. Transgenic rice shattered less than the other rices. Amylose and protein contents in embryos of transgenic rice were significantly different from those of weedy rice. The potential for weediness of the transgenic rice may be assessed using phenotype comparison between transgenic and weedy rice as shown in this study. 제초제 내성 형질전환 벼와 모본(동진벼) 및 잡초성 벼두 계통(화성앵미 1과 광양앵미 12)의 표현형질을 비교하였다. 형질전환 벼와 모본의 질적형질은 모두 유사하였지만, 까락의 유무, 지엽 자세 및 종실 색은 형질전환 벼와잡초성 벼 사이에 큰 차이가 있었다. 양적형질 중에서 초장, 분얼 수 및 지상부 건물중은 형질전환 벼나 모본에 비해 잡초성 벼에서 유의하게 우세했다. 형질전환 벼 및 모본의 주당 종실중과 천립중은 잡초성 벼에 비해 유의하게무거웠다. 형질전환 벼는 모본 및 잡초성 벼에 비해 탈립이 용이하지 않았으며, 형질전환 벼의 배유 아밀로스 및단백질 함량은 잡초성 벼와 유의한 차이가 있었다. 이와같은 형질전환 벼와 잡초성 벼 표현형질의 비교 연구는형질전환 벼의 잡초화 가능성 예측에 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
고은미,장기효,서정희 한국식품과학회 2014 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.23 No.6
Fermentation of sunsik using bionuruk andBifidobacterium longum (B. longum) was investigated toenhance product dispersibility in water. Compared withunfermented sunsik, fermented sunsik had a higher solublesolid content, a smaller particle size, and a larger surfacearea per volume, resulting in a decreased sedimentationrate. Microbial enzymes hydrolyzed insoluble compoundsinto smaller molecular weight compounds. Fermentedsunsik exhibited a much lower viscosity than unfermentedsunsik, demonstrating that fermentation decreased thenumber of large particles that are affected by gravitationalseparation and/or increased solvation of components. Inaddition, fermented sunsik had a higher amount of freeamino acids and an enhanced oxidative stability under ironascorbate-induced lipid oxidation. Fermentation improvedthe physicochemical properties of sunsik to allow forproduction of hydrosol sunsik.