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EDPS와 MIS의 比較硏究 : 特히 經營情報의 生産方式을 中心으로 Especially on the output method of management - information
高德坤 圓光大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.18 No.1
This thesis is an attempt to survey some characteristics of output method of management information in business organizations. The main difference between MIS and EDP systems lies in their purposes. EDP systems are designed to expedite and /or automatic transaction processing, record-keeping, and business-reporting ; MIS is designed to aid in information processing and decision making. EDP systems and MIS is by no means mutually exclusive. In fact, decision-oriented reporting systems often grow out of standard EDP systems that were initially developed mainly to improve efficiency in transaction processing and /or record keeping. Unlikely the EDP user, who receives standard reports on a periodic basis, the MIS user typically initiates each instance of system use, either directly or through a staff intermediary. Although most MIS is used to facilitate line management, planning, or staff activities, EDP systems emphasizes intrinsically on clrical activities. Whereas the general orientation of EDP systems is toward mechanical efficiency, that of MIS is more toward the overall effectiveness of individuals and organizations. EDP systems usually consolidate and report information about the past ; many MIS forcus on the present and the future. Consistency is surely significant in any computerized system, but MIS also place major imphasis on flexibility and adhoc utilization. The differences between MIS and EDP systems are encapsulated in their underlying philosophies. Oversimplifying a bit, we can say that the basic philosophy of most EDP systems is to automate the storage and retrieval of data, thereby reducing costs, improving accuracy, and allowing quicker access to data concerning day-to-day operations. The underlying MIS is that it is every bit as legitimate to use computers to improve or expedite the processes by which people make and communicate decisions.
線型計劃法의 單體解法에 나타나는 Simplex criterion에 관한 硏究
高德坤 圓光大學校 1981 論文集 Vol.15 No.1
The Simplex method of Linear Programming uses the basic concepts of matrix algebra to solve for the intersection of two or more lines or planes. It begines at some feasible solution, one which satisfies all restrictions, and sucessively obtains solutions at intersections which offer better values in the objective the function. The main purpose of this study aims at a theorem of the simplex criterion which criterized of optimal solution. By the simplex procedure, once any basic(extremepoint) feasible solution has been determined, obtain a maximum feasible solution in a finite number of steps. These steps consist in finding a new feasible solution whose corresponding value of the objective function for the proceeding solution. This process is continued until a maximum solution has been reached. All extreme-solutions and especially the maximum solution, have m linearly independent vectors associated with them. We then limit our search to those solutions that are generated by m linearly independent vectors. Certain numbers (called Simplex criterion) are computed that indicate when the optimal solution has been reached, or show which variable to enter into the solution next. Meaning of ?? and ?? A ?? is the reduction in the value of the objective function due to the changes in the values of the variables in the presnet basic feasible solution caused by introducing one unit of ?? into the solution. In order words ?? represented the decrease in the objective function due to the indirect effects of introducing a unit of ?? into the solution. Since ?? is the direct effect on the objective function of introducing aunit of ?? into the solution, ?? is the not increase from introducing a unit of ?? into the solution. Thus the simplex criterion ??is the negative of the net increase from introducing a unit of ?? into the solution. Therefore ?? is the net decrease in the objective function due to introducing a unit of ?? into the solution. And so, an optimum solution has been found when all ?? .
高德坤 圓光大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.16 No.1
Bayesian theory gave birth to an outstanding developments in treating the uncertainty in decision-making. Bayesian theory of decision-making can be perceived as a process of decision-making by implementation of probabilty concept of information. It represents, in view of Bayesian decision theory, a transformation process of information. In Bayesian theory of decision-making, addional information is a prerequisite to removal of uncertainty in due course of decision-making. However, costs are inevitable to get additional information. Therefore, it is a necessary condition that the marginal revenue resulting from the rational decision-making must cover at least the cost of additional information. This thesis uses ① form utility ② time utility ③ Place utility ④ Possesion utilty, which once presented by Roman R. Andrus, as the standards for valuation of information, and attempts to value the informarion on a middle ground between decision-maker and information-Producer. The value of information can be measured by the differentials between the expected profit by prior-probability distribution and the expected profit by posterior probability distribution. For additional information can be measured by a specified value, especially by the monetary value, it is virtually an economic good and has its market-price. As additional information, on which Bayesian decision-theory stands, must be presented in the best information structure. and must be presented a close proximity to full information system model. Therefore it can be argued that information system should be modelized by the betterment of its qualitative factors rather than quantitative factors.