노인요양병원 운영의 현황 및 전망

강홍조(Hong Cho Kang) 대한노인정신의학회 2005 노인정신의학 Vol.9 No.2

공황장애와 갑상선 기능

정문용,민성길,강홍조 大韓神經精神醫學會 1986 신경정신의학 Vol.25 No.1

Thyroid function tests including measuring blood triiodothyronine(T₃), thyroxine(T₄) and free thyroxine(FT₄) were done in 29 patients with panic disorder and compared with the data from normal control group of 86 persons. Only the value of FT₄in panic patients was significantly higher than those of control group, but it was within normal limit. The values of T₃ and T₄in panic patients were higher, too but without statistical significance. The scores of each items and total score of Hamilton's anxiety scale were not significantly correlated with the values of T₃,T₄and FT₄, but only depression score was significantly correlated with T₃value.

Imipramine 및 Lithium이 가토혈중 주정농도에 미치는 영향에 관한 실험적 연구

강홍조,박정수 大韓神經精神醫學會 1974 신경정신의학 Vol.13 No.1

Imipramine, a tricyclic antidepressant, was synthesized by Hafliger in 1948 Kuhn, in 1958, found imipramine was remarkabley effective in certain depressed states, especially in endogenous depression. Since then, further evidences for the effectiveness of this compound have been accumulated. Lithium, a monovalent cation and the lightest alkali metal, was discovered in 1818 by Arfwedson. Since Cade, in 1949, found that lithium carbonate caused sedation in guinea pigs and that it did calm manic patients, numerous studies have indicated that the drug is effective in the control of mania and other psychotic excitement and other psychotic excitement and also in prevention of manic depressive episodes. It has lately been reported that lithium and several other psychotropic drugs elevated the blood alcohol level in rabbits. In views of these reports the author conducted an animal experiment to investigate the effects of imipramine and lithium, alone or in combination, on blood alcohol level in rabbits. Materials and Methods 1. The experimental work was done on mature rabbits of both sexes, weighing between 2.0㎏. 2. The experimental animals were divided into 2 groups; the control and the experimental group. 3. The control group was given alcohol alone. 4. The experimental group was divided into 5 groups; Ⅰ) alcohol+lithium, Ⅱ) alcohol+impramine(I.M.), Ⅲ) alcohol+lithium+imipramine (I.M.), Ⅳ) alcohol+imipramine (oral), and Ⅴ) alcohol+lithium+imipramine (oral) group. 5. Alcohol+imipramine (I.M.) group was further divided into 4 subgroups, according to the time of alcohol injection ; alcohol administration immediately, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after imipramine injection. 6. Alcohol+impramine (oral) group and alcohol+lithium+imipramine (oral) group were further divided into 2 subgroups in which one subgroup was given imipramine for 7 days and another for 14 days. 7. Lithium chloride solution(6.36%) was given in a does of 3.0mEq/㎏ of body weight daily for 4 days by intravenous route. The last does was given 1 hour before alcohol administration. 8. Imipramine was given intramuscularly in a single does of 2.0㎎/㎏ of body weight. In case of oral administration imipramine was given in a dose of 4.0㎎/㎏ of body weight daily for 7 days or for 14 days. The last dose was given one hour before alcohol administration. 9. In all groups 20% ethanol solution was given in a does of 5.0ml/㎏ of body weight in 5 minutes by intravenous route. 10. All of the blood specimens were obtained by cardiac puncture at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration. 11. The blood alcohol level determination was made by Cavett's method. Results 1. Alcohol+lithium group: Lithium elevated the blood alcohol level significantly both a 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration (P<0.05). 2. Alcohol+imipramine (I.M.) group: Imipramine elevated the blood alcohol level significantly both at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration in the first subgroup in when alcohol was given immediately following imipramine injection(P<0.05). In the second and third subgroup, the blood alcohol level was elevated significantly only at to minutes, but not at 30 minutes after alcohol administration. There was no significant change in the blood alcohol level in the 4th subgroup. 3. Alcohol+lithium+imipramine(I.M.) group: Imipramine combines with lithium elevated the blood alcohol level significantly both at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration (P<0.05). 4. Alcohol+impramine (oral) group: Imipramine elevated the blood alcohol level significantly at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration in the subgroups in which imipramine was administered either for 7 or 14 days (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference in the blood alcohol level between these two subgroups(P>0.05). 5. Alcohol+lithium+imipramine (oral) group: Imipramine (oral) combined with lithium elevated the blood alcohol level significantly at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration in both subgroups in which imipramine was administered either for 7 or 14 days (P<0.05). The blood alcohol level of these two subgroups was significantly higher than either that of lithium alone group or imipramine (oral) alone group (P<0.05). 6. Above experimental results were analysed statistically between the control group and each experimental group, and also amongthe experimental groups. Conclusion 1. The intravenous injection of 6.36% lithium chloride solution in a does of 3.0mEq/k㎏ of body weight daily for 4 days elevated the blood alcohol level in rabbits significantly both at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol anministration. 2. Imipramine administered intramuscularly in a single does of 2.0㎎/㎏ of body weight showed variable effects on the blood alcohol level according to the time of alcohol administration after imipramine injection. The blood alcohol level was elevated both at 20 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration in the subgroup in which alcohol was administration in the subgroup in which alcohol was administrated immediately after imipramine injection. And in the subgroups in which alcohol was administered at 10 and 20 minutes after imipramine injection, the blood alcohol level was elevated only at 10 minutes after alcohol administration. 3. Imipramine administered orally in a does of 4.0㎎/㎏ of body weight daily for 7 or 14 days elevated the blood alcohol level significantly both at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration. There was no significant difference in the blood alcohol level between the two subgroups in which imipramine was administered for 7 or 14 days. 4. Imipramine when combined with lithium elevated the blood alcohol level significantly at 10 and 30 minutes after alcohol administration in both orally and intramuscularly administered groups. In the former group the blood alcohol level was significantly higher than that of imipramine alone or lithium alone group.

Changes of Liver Cells of Animals of Administration of Flubendazole

Min, Duk-Young,Kang, Hong-Cho,Soh, Chin-Thack INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1978 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.9 No.1

Benzimidazole 유도체인 Flubendazole (Methyl N-[5-(6)-(p-fluorobenzoyl)-2-benzimidazoly]carbamate)의 간에 미치는 영향 및 동물종간의 차이를 비교 연구하기 위하여 가토 및 백서를 대상으로 하여 동 약물의 반치사량(LD50:2560mg/kg)을 단회 경구적으로 투여하고 시간별로 도살하여 광학현미경적 관찰, 전자현미경적, 혈청내 효소치 측정 및 담취액 분비측정을 시행하였던 바 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 광학현미경적 관찰상 가토 및 백서에서 다 같이 약물투여 3시간 후부터 간세포의 혼탁종창을 보이기 시작하여 6시간 후 부터는 공포성변성을 가져왔으며, 이 변화는 24시간 후에 최고도에 달하였으나 48시간 후부터 감소되어 약물투여 5일 내지 7일에는 정상상태로 회복되었다. 2. 가토는 공포성변성이 주로 간소엽 중심부 및 중간부에 나타났고 조직화학적 소견상 그 본체가 주로 당원축적이었던데 비해 백서에서는 공포성변성이 주로 간소엽 주변부 및 중간부에서 관찰되었고 그 본체는 지질축적이었다. 3. 전자현미경적 관찰상 가토 간에서는 경한 당원축적 및 지질침착 이외는 커다란 변화가 없었으나 백서에서는 mitochondria의 변성, rough endothelial reticulum의 확장 및 증가, smooth endothelial reticulum의 증가, lysosome의 증가, 다량의 지질축적, 세담관의 협착과 microvilli의 변성등이 관찰되었다. 이러한 변화는 약물투여 3시간 후 부터 나타나서 24시간에 최고도에 달하였으나 48시간후부터는 회복되어 가는 경향을 보였고 6일후에는 소수의 mitochondria의 변화와 세담관내 microvilli의 경미한 소실 이외에는 정상이었다. 4. 혈청내 alkaline phosphatase, SGOT, SGPT치는 가토에서 정상대조군과 약물투여 실험군간에 유의한 변화가 없었으나 백서에서는 약물 투여후 6, 12 및 24시간 후에 alkaline phosphatase, SGOT가 정상대조군에 비해 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 5. 백서에서 담취액의 배설은 약물투여 3시간 후에는 정상대조군에 비해 유의하게 감소하였으나 24시간 후에는 정상과 비슷하였다. 6. 이상의 결과로 보아 본 약제는 가토보다 백서에 더 심하게 작용하여 당원침착, 지방축적 및 세담관의 변화를 초래하며 일시적으로 담취액배설을 억제하는 것으로 생각된다.

Experimental Study on Anthelmintic Activity of Flubendazole against Trematodes

Soh,Chin-Thack,Kim,Dong-Chan,Min,Hong-Ki,Min,Duk-Young,Kang,Hong-Cho INSTITUTE OF TROPICAL MEDICINE YONSEI UNIVERSITY 1977 YONSEI REPORTS ON TROPICAL MEDICINE Vol.8 No.1

Benzimidazole 유도체인 Flubendazole (Methyl N-[5-(6)-(p-fluorobenzoyl)-2-benzimidazolyl] carbamate)의 간흡충 및 폐흡충에 대한 예방 및 구충효과를 시험하였다. 간흡충에 대한 예방효과를 시험하기 위하여 간흡충 감염 24시간 전 및 감염 7일 후에 각각 10mg/kg 및 20mg/kg를 단회 투여한 가토를 12주까지 비교 관찰하였다. 한편 구충효과를 시험하기 위하여 간흡충 감염 가토에 1.0,2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0 및 40.0mg/kg를 단회 투여하고 6,12,24,36시간 후 그리고 2,3,4,30 및 50일 후에 도살 관찰하였으며 간흡충 감염 백서에는 20,40,60mg/kg를 단회 투여하고 3일 후에 도살 관찰하였다. 폐흡충 감염 고양이에는 80mg/kg와 200mg/kg를 단회 투여하고 3일 후에 도살 관찰하였다. 이상의 성적을 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 간흡충 감염 7일 후에 본 약제를 투여한 가토에 있어서 이성숙충체에 대한 예방효과가 있었다. 2. 구충효과에 있어서는 간흡충 감염 가토에서 2.5∼40.0mg/kg를 단회 투여했을 때 3일 후에 완전히 구충되었다. 3. 간흡충 감염 백서에서는 구충효과를 관찰할 수 없었다. 4. 폐흡충 감염 고양이에서도 본 약제의 구충효과는 역시 관찰할 수 없었다.