볏짚 싸이레지 제조시험 제2보 . 농산부산물 첨가에 의한 싸이레지 제조시험

강태홍,차영호,배동호,장윤환 ( T . H . Kang,Y . H . Chah,D . H . Bae,Y . H . Chiang ) 한국축산학회 1981 한국축산학회지 Vol.23 No.2

This study was carried cut to determine the quality and nutritive value of rice straw silage by supplementing urea, molasses, radish-top, sweet potatoes (SP), and SP pulp. Six different rice straw silages were made :(1) only rice straw, (2) 8% supplemented molasses, (3) 75% supplemented fresh radish top, (4) 90% supplemented fresh radish-top, (5) 50% supplemented SP, and (6) 50% supplemented SP pulp. All silages except only rice straw were added with urea at 0.3% of rice straw. A chemical analysis and digestion trials were conducted. The results obtained were as Follows 1. By supplementing wastes or by-products, in general, the neutral deterrent contents in silages decreased. 2. The quality of silages were also improved, of which evaluation score was between excellent and good. 3. It appeared that mold occurrence can be reduced by supplementing radishtop, SP, and SP pulp to the rice straw. 4. In digestion trial, the digestibility of crude protein, crude fiber and NFE were increased by supplementing those materials. 5. DCP and TDN contents in all supplemented silages were increased.

볏짚 사일리지 제조시험 제1보 청예호맥 첨가에 의한 사일리지 제조

강태홍,차영호,장윤환 ( T . H . Kang,Y . H . Chah,Y . H . Chiang ) 한국축산학회 1980 한국축산학회지 Vol.22 No.6

This experiment was carried out to investigate the possibility of rice and rye silage (RSRS); Rice straw (Akkibare) was harvested last fall and filed-stagged last winter (5-6 months), and green chopped (4-5㎝) rye was used at full- stages and the mixing ratio of rice straw and greencut rye was 1:1, 1:3 and another 1:3 (rice straw was treated 4% NaOH sol.) by raw materials weight bases. 0.3% urea solution were added to each treatments for supplement of nitrogen. These silages were evaluated after 200 days storage and the results were as follows: 1. The quality of silages was $quot;very bad$quot;, evaluated by organic acids contents proposed by Flieg; Butyric acid was more than 60% of total acids and lactic acid was comparatively low. 2. But RSRS intake by sheep was comparatively high during the digestion trials, which might be considered as roughage feeds for animals. And also the color and acidic odor was not bad in appearance. 3. It was noticed that the 4% NaOH treatments of rice straw couldn`t be used to improve the nutritive value of RSRS, but the digestibility of nutrients, except crude protein, was slightly improved. 4. The mixing ratio of rice straw and green-cut rye could be recommended by 1:1, because the quality of RSRS was not different between two treatments (1:1, 1:3). In conclusion, RSRS can be used as roughage feeds for animals, whist, will be one of the methods for maximizing the utilizability of rice straw and it may be considerable to use earlier stale green-cut rye than full-heading stage for improving the quality of RSRS.

한우의 기초대사에 필요한 에너지 및 질소에 관한 연구

탁태영,강태홍,장윤환 ( T . Y . Thak,T . H . Kang,Y . H . Chiang ) 한국축산학회 1981 한국축산학회지 Vol.23 No.1

This study was conducted to measure the heat production of fasting animals known as basal metabolism on the process of investigating the maintenance energy and nitrogen of Korean native cattle to establish a feeding standard. The five cows were employed and the Brouwer`s equation was utilized to measure the heat production from oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide and methane production and urinary nitrogen. The results obtained were as follows : 1. The digestibility and retention rate of nitrogen were determined as 44% respectively, through the digestion trial carried out prior the fasting experiment for 7 days. 2. The amount of nitrogen excreted during the 5th and 6th days of fasting experiment was known as 224.69 ㎎ per metabolic body size (three quarter power of kg body weight) per day. 3. The hours spent standing and frying were investigated as 770.72 min. (53.52%) and 669.28 min. (46.48%), respectively, during the respiration trial. The times changing position was 8.6 a day. 4. The heat production on the basis of lying position was 53.94 ㎉ per metabolic body size per day for Korean native cows tested. This figure was found as similar to that of Japanese cattle but considerably lower than those of the other species of beef and dairy cattle investigated in foreign countries.

고구마 및 쌀보리 주정박의 화학성분 및 대사에너지

장윤환,강태홍,이규호,이인덕 ( Y . H . Chiang,T . H . Kang,K . H . Lee,I . D . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1982 한국축산학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Distillers sweet potato and naked barley were studied for analyzing the chemical nutrients and measuring the metabolizable energy using chicks. Test materials were obtained 1) by sieve or filter press (7, 100 or 250 mesh) from distillers waste solution, and 2) by ground surface where the distillers waste solution were damped and part of liquid portion was leached down. The test materials were used in chemical analysis and metabolic energy test after dried in a draft oven at 60-70℃. Approximate analysis were conducted by the A.O.A.C. method. The cations were determined by the atomic absorption method and phosphorus was measured by colorimetry. Metabolizable energy content was observed by indicator method using the commercia diet which was replaced by the distillers sweet potato (40%). The crude protein contents of distillers sweet potato were 12.23% at air dry basis and those were increased as the finer sieves were used. No big differences were noticed on the contents of ether extract and ash. However, nitrogen-free extract increased and crude fiber decreased as the mesh of sieve or filter press increased. The changing trend of proximate analysis in distillers naked barley was similar to that in distillers sweet potato. However, the contents of crude protein, ether extract and nitrogen-free extract in distillers naked barley were higher and those of crude fiber and ash were lower than in distillers sweet potato. The high content of iron in distillers solids were noticed especially. It was thought that the reason might be drived from many steel facilities in distillers factory. The metabolizable energy content in distillers sweet potato from 100 mesh sieve was 2,250 ㎉/g and it was higher than those in some brans and similar to those in some seed meals.

유추에 의한 사료의 대사에너지 측정방법에 관한 연구 1 . 반정제사료 이용법과 관용사료 이용법의 비교

장윤환,박용윤,강태홍,지설하,이영상 ( Y . H . Chiang,Y . Y . Park,T . H . Kang,S . H . Chee,Y . S . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.5

Two procedures using semi-purified diet (SPD) and practical diet (PD) were compared to determine the metabolizable energy (ME) in feedstuffs by growing chicks. The reference diet of each procedure was formulated into two categories; one for starch feeds and the other(low protein) for protein feeds. The triplicate ten male chicks of White Leghorn were plotted for each treatment. The chicks two weeks old were fed experimental diets for another two weeks, of which the last three days were allotted for sampling their excreta. The feces were dried and analyzed for calorie, nitrogen, and chromium oxide. The excreted energy and nitrogen were calculated from the ratio of chromium oxide contents in feed and excreta. The ME. value was computed by the proportional method. 1. The ME. of glucose were 3,273 and 2,580 ㎉/㎏ dry matter (DM) when chicks were fed appropriate and low level of protein, respectively. The reason for less ME. values than 3,640 published by foreign researchers might be the impurity of glucose tested. However, the farmer result showed more close to the foreigners than the laters. It was considered that the suitable amount of protein in chick ration should be provided for determining the glucose ME. 2. The ME content in rations of treatments were 2,700∼3,200 ㎉/㎏ DM. The standard deviations from average ME values of SPD were less than those of PD. Therefore, it was believed that the experimental accuracy of PD method might be higher than that of SPD one. 3. The ME for yellow corn were measured as 1994 and 3,027㎉/㎏ air dry matter(ADM) when SPD and PD were employed, respectively. The later result was more similar to the others data than the formers. 4. The ME of wheat from PD procedure brought higher value than that from SPO one, and more similar to the others result. 5. The fish meal showed 2,630 and 2,752 ㎉/㎏ ADM from SPD and PD, respectively. The slightly higher value from the later was more similar to the other values, too. 6. The values from soybean meal represented a reverse trend compared to those from three kinds of feedstuffs above described. Viewing from the accuracy of measurement, similarity of the result to the others, and the expense for the ration formulation, it was believed that the PD method might be recommended for determining the ME content of feedstuffs in condition of Korea.

한국산 Zeolite 의 염기치환용량이 Broiler 의 증체 , 사료효율 및 영양소 이용율에 미치는 영향

장윤환,이상진,이규호,강태홍 ( Y . H . Chiang,S . C . Lee,K . H . Lee,T . H . Kang ) 한국축산학회 1983 한국축산학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Feeding and metabolism trials were conducted to determine the effect of canon exchange capacity of zeolite added in broiler`s diet on growth and nutrient utilization. The 234 chicks were randomly allocated to triplicate 6 treatments. Metabolism study was carried out by 30 chicks (5 chicks each treatment). The control diet contained no zeolite, but experimental one contained 3% zeolite or grit. The tested zeolite possessed 40, 60, 80 or 100 me/100g canon exchange capacity. The whole rations were adjusted to have iso-calorie and -protein. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Average weight gain of broilers showed no significant difference among treatments for 8 weeks. However, somewhat higher gain in zeolite or grit block was noticed compared to that in control. 2. Feed consumption represented no significant difference among treatments. 3. Feed required for Kg body weight gain in zeolite or grit group was slightly less than that in control, however, the difference was not significant. 4. Feed cost for body weight gain in zeolite or grit treatment was lower than that in control. 5. Utilization efficiencies of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, calcium and phosphorus appeared to have similar values among treatments. However, carbohydrate utilization was improved by zeolite or grit supplementation. 6. Moisture contents in excreta from zeolite-fed chicks were less than that from control chicks, bur no significant difference was recognized. Those from grit-fed brids were more than that of control. 7. Ash contents in diets including zeolite or grit were very high (8-9%).

생육시기가 혼합화본과 목초의 수량및 품질에 미치는 영향

신정남,이재선,장윤환,강태홍 ( C . N . Shin,J . S . Lee,Y . H . Chiang,T . H . Kang ) 한국축산학회 1977 한국축산학회지 Vol.19 No.3

A stand of mixed Dactylis glomerata and Lolium multiflorum was cut for hay. The first growth was cut at four different stages of maturity. Chemical analysis and digestion trials with sheep was conducted to evaluate the feeding value of the hay. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Dry matter yields increased with each delay of harvest from 4.8 tons at the earliest cutting to 10.3 tons at the latest cutting. 2. In the herbages cut during the period of the before heading and after flowering stage, the content of crude fiber was increased to the range of 28.5% to 35.5% with advancing the maturity, but crude protein declined to the range of 17.6% to 9.2%. 3. The digestibility of DM, crude protein, and crude fibre decreased with advancing the maturity. The TDN contents on dry matter basis of the hay were 64.0, 50.6, 56.8 and 53.8% at before heading, heading, flowering and after flowering, respectively.