Phosphamidon 분해세균의 분리동정 및 생분해능

강양미,송홍규,안태석,허성남 한국미생물학회 1999 미생물학회지 Vol.35 No.1

토양으로부터 유기인계 살충제인 phosphamidon을 분해하는 세균들을 분리하고 Biolog system을 이용하여 동정하였다. 그람양성 세균들은 모두 Bacillus 속에 속하는 종들이었으며 그람음성 세균들은 토양에서 우점하지 않는 세균들이 많았다. 이들중 phosphamidon 함유배지에서 생장률이 높은 균주들을 선택하여 phophamidon 분해능을 조사한 결과 Capnocytophaga gingivalis 로 동정된 YD-17 균주가 가장 높은 생분해능을 나타내어 1000ppm의 phosphamidon 이 배양 21일 후 94%의 잔류량을 보였으며 이는 대조구에 비해 제거율이 52% 증가된 결과였다. 이 때 균주의 생장을 단백질량으로 측정하였는데 분해균주들이 고농도의 phosphamidon에 의해 저해되지 않고 지속적인 생장을 하여 phosphamidon을 탄소원으로 이용하는 생분해가 일어난 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Organophosphorus inseclicide phosphamidon-degrading bacteria were isolated from agricultural soils and identified using Biolog microtiter assay. All Gram-positive degrading bacterial strains belong to genus Bacillus and many Gram-negative bacteria were rare soil species. Among them fast growing strains on phosphamidon-containing minimal medium were sclected and their biodegrading capability wcre measured. YD-17 which was identified as Capnocytophaga gingivalis showed the highest biodegradation rate. It could incrcase the removal of phosphamidon up to 52%. During the biodegradation continuous increase of amount of cell protein was observed, which indicated that phosphamidon was utilized as a carbon source for phosphamidon-degrading bacteria.

활성슬러지로부터 분리한 균주의 TNT 분해능 조사

강양미,황승하,송흥규 강원대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 기초과학연구 Vol.11 No.-

2,4,6-trinitroluene (TNT) degrading bacterium C1 was isolated from enrichment culture of the activated sludge of Chuncheon sewage treatment plant, and the effect of culture conditions on TNT removal and metabolites formation were investigated in minimal medium containing 100 mg/L of TNT, Bacterial culture of 100 ml in 250 ml Erlenmeyer flask showed a higher TNT removal rate than that of 20 ml culture in 100 ml flask. The fates of other metabolites, such as hydroxylamino-dinitrotoluene (OHAmDNT), amino-dinitrotoluene (AmDNT) and diamino-nitrotoluene were also different in both cultures. Dinitrotoluene appeared only in 250 ml flask. This phenomenon might be due to oxygen transfer and redox conditions in cultures. When the concentration of glucose was reduced to half, TNT was removed even faster, but the concentration of AmDNT maintained relatively high level. The decrease of nitrogen concentration to half delayed the TNT removal and caused the drastic changes of concentrations of OHAmDNT and AmDNT. These results indicate that the transformations of TNT and its metabolites were more sensitive to the change of nitrogen concentration than that of carbon source, and TNT did not serve as an important nitrogen source.

팔당호 수변부 퇴적물이 수층의 산소소모에 미치는 영향

강양미,송홍규,Kang, Yang-Mi,Song, Hong-Gyu 한국하천호수학회 2000 생태와 환경 Vol.33 No.1

초록(한글) 입력자 : 퇴적층 산소요구는 수중의 퇴적층에서 생물학적 호기성 대사와 화학적 산화에 소모되는 용존산소량으로 1999년 4월부터 11월 사이에 팔당호 현장에서의 SOD는 조사시점에 따라 $4{\sim}5$ 시간동안 $1.57{\sim}12.55$ mg $O_{2}m^{-2}h^{-1}$로 나타났다. 또한 SOD는 퇴적유기물의 양과 퇴적층 내로의 산소 확산의 영향이 컸다. 초기 30분 동안에 물과 퇴적층의 산소요구를 비교하면 SOD가 수층 전체 산소소모의 $63.8{\sim}94$%를 차지하였다. 실험실 내의 SOD 측정에서 화학적 퇴적층 산소요구는 크게 일어나지 않았으며 퇴적층의 탄소성 산소요구는 전체 SOD보다 적게 나타났다. 이 결과로부터 팔당호의 SOD는 주로 생물학적 산소요구에 의한 것이며 질화작용에 의한 산소요구가 SOD에 큰 비중을 차지함을 알 수 있었다. 퇴적층의 두께가 SOD에 미치는 영향은 퇴적물의 특성에 크게 좌우되며 유속을 2배로 빠르게 한 경우에는 SOD가 $1.4{\sim}1.9$배 증가하였다. 본 연구를 통해 SOD가 수층의 용존산소를 감소시키는 주요한 요인임을 알 수 있었으며 상수원으로 이용되는 호수에서 이를 감안한 수질관리가 적용되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. n situ sediment oxygen demand (SOD), which takes place with the uptake of dissolved oxygen for biological metabolism and chemical oxidation in sediments, ranged from 1.57 to $12.55\;mg\;O_2\;m^{-2}\;h^{-1}$ in onshore of Lake Paldang from April to November 1999. SOD was influenced by the amount of organics and oxygen diffusion. Comparing the oxygen demands partitioning between overlying water and sediment during initial phase, SOD accounted for $63.8{\sim}94%$ of total oxygen demand in Lake Paldang. The chemical SOD and nitrogenous oxygen demand ranged $1.2{\sim}18.3%$ and $8.3{\sim}51.7%$ of total SOD, respectively. This result indicated that SOD in Lake Paldang occurred mainly by aerobic respiration and nitrification. Although the flow velocity could increase SOD within a certain limit, the effect of sediment depth on SOD was dependent on physicochemical properties of the sediment. This study showed that SOD can represent a significant portion of the total oxygen up-take in Lake Paldang. Therefore, the assessment of SOD might be necessary for the control of water quality.

Phosphamidon 분해세균의 분리동정 및 생분해능

강양미,허성남,안태석,송홍규 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1999 環境硏究 Vol.16 No.-

토양으로부터 유기인계 살충제인 phosphamidon을 분해하는 세균들을 분리하고 Biolog system을 이용하여 동정하였다. 그람양성 세균들은 모두 Bacillus 속에 속하는 종들이었으며 그람음성 세균들은 토양에서 우점하지 않는 세균들이 많았다. 이들중 phosphamidon 함유배지에서 생장률이 높은 균주들을 선택하여 phosphamidon 분해능을 조사한 결과 Capnocytophaga gingivalis로 동정된 YD-17 균주가 가장 높은 생분해능을 나타내어 1000 ppm의 phosphamidon이 배양 21일 후 9.4%의 잔류량을 보였으며 이는 대조구에 비해 제거율이 52% 증가된 결과였다. 이 때 균주의 생장을 단백질량으로 측정하였는데 분해균주들이 고농도의 phosphamidon에 의해 저해되지 않고 지속적인 생장을 하여 phosphamidon을 탄소원으로 이용하는 생분해가 일어난 것을 확인할 수 있었다. Organphosphorus insecticide phosphamidon-degrading bacteria were isolated from agricultural soils and identified using Biolog microtiter assay. All Gram-ositive degrading bacterial strains belong to genus Bacillus and many Gram-negative bacteria were rare soil species. Among them fast growing strains on phospamidon-containing minimal medium were selected and their biodegrading capability were measured. YD-17 which was identified as Capnocytophaga gingivalis showed the highest biodegradation rate. It could increase the removal of phosphamidon up to 52%. During the biodegradation continuous increase of amount of cell protein was observed, which, indicated that phosphamidon was utilized as a carbon source for phosphamidon-degrading bacteria.

연적지 퇴적유기물이 수충의 산소소모에 미치는 영향

강양미,송홍규 강원대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 기초과학연구 Vol.10 No.-

The in situ SOD (sediment oxygen demand), which takes place with the uptake of dissolved oxygen for chemical oxidation and biological respiration in sediments, was 7.74 rngO₂/m³/h in Pond Yeonjukji at Kangwon National University in October 1999. The composition and organic matter content of sediment were analyzed, also electron transport system activity was examined. The effects of some environmental conditions on SOD were investigated in laboratory with the reaction chamber consisted of sealed, cylindrical chamber through which water was continuously recirculated. The sample of August 3 containing NaN₃ as a respiration inhibitor, did not show the decrease of dissolved oxygen concentration in water column. This result indicated that sediment oxygen consumption in the pond occurred mainly by aerobic respiration. However, chemical sediment oxygen demand was increased in the sample of October 28, which contained a lot of organic matter and showed higher respiration activity.

2단계 연속배양과 분해세균에 의한 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT)의 제거

김현영,강양미,손윤수,송흥규 강원대학교 기초과학연구소 2000 기초과학연구 Vol.11 No.-

Degradation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by a white rot fungus lrpex lacteus and activated sludge was investigated in two step bench-scale continuous stirred tank reactors. Inoculum for the first reactor was I. lacteus which already showed a high degradation activity for TNT, and activated sludge from a sewage treatment plant was used as an inoculum for the second reactor. The two-step continuous culture experiment was conducted for 150 days using synthetic feed containing different levels of TNT (10 to 300 mg/L) at room temperature. When a hydraulic retention time of 36 h was maintained, the highest TNT removal rates were 1.66 mg/L/h in first reactor and 0.82 mg/L/h in second reactor during the period of 71~100 days from the start-up. These results indicate the application potential of two-step continuous reactor system for treatment of TNT-containing wastewater. Several TNT-degrading bacteria were isolated from the second reactor, and their biodegradation capabilities were examined. TNT was completely disappeared within 6 hours of further incubation when 100 mg/L of TNT was added into 1-day pregrown C1 bacterial culture. However, this bacterium was unable to use TNT as a sole source of carcon. TNT degration might be accomplished by a cometabolic process using glucose as a growth substrate.

유처리제 PRP?瑛? 효능에 대한 연구

김현영(Hyoun-Young Kim),황순석(Soon-Suk Hwang),강양미(Yang-Mi Kang),송홍규(Hong-Gyu Song) 강원대학교 기초과학연구소 1998 기초과학연구 Vol.9 No.-

To examine whether PRP, which is a oil spill response product, extensively enhances the biodegradation of crude oil, the bench-scale batch culture test was carried out. Although the initial rate of the crude oil degradation of PRP added sample was increased with a increase of incubation temperature, it was lower than that of control sample. This result was due to the volatilization of low molecular weight components in crude oil, and was confirmed using the headspace gas analysis. Because the PRP interacted with the crude oil to form a PRP/crude oil mixture that was semisolid and relatively stable, volatile hydrocarbons were trapped and the crude oil degradation was hindered by limited oxygen in aggregate during the experiment. After 5 weeks of incubation at 5, 10, 15 and 20°C, the removal rates of the crude oil(1 g/L) in sample were 35, 40, 55 and 80%, respectively. The CO2 produced from the mineralization of crude oil was measured using the Biometer flask method during 2 months. The addition of PRP did not have any enhancing effect on the evolution CO₂ in the crude oil degradation, but it increased the mineralization in the diesel oil degradation. It can be concluded that PRP could not accelerate the degradation rate of crude oil significantly, but it has a high oil-adsorbing capacity.