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정길자 숙명여자대학교 지역학연구소 2001 지역학논집 = Research Institute of Regional Studies Vol.5 No.-
The writers or the main characters of boudoir verse were in the relationship of mother-in-law and daughter-in-law. This study analyzes the justification of the ideology of female morality, based upon boudoir verse which shows the whole life of the female characters. First, the continued existence of a family is the main concern of the verse. And their idea belongs to the first and the second ideology. The first ideology is about the obligation of women living low life. The second ideology shows ten or so items of female obligation in living a hard married life. The woman from a noble family is in a double position: one is secmingly the position of family-supporting, and the other is actually that of a family hostess. She is proud of the latter position. Second, 'the seven valid causes for divorce' shown in boudoir verse belongs to the first ideology. The main character of Changhoi-gok is persecuted by her husband just because she cannot give birth to babies. But the character of Kichong-ga throws away the female obligation and becomes a buddhist nun after subliming self-consciousness. The two characters lack in the consciousness of keeping the position of a family hostess. Third, the obligation of the wife's submission to only one husband belongs to the first ideology. In Chungsang-ga and Shigolosaekssi Seolum-taryung, the widow characters living in solitude sigh out their grief under the female obligation. To sum up, the female characters are forced to be in the family supporting position, justifying their obligation. On the other hand, they show their intention to keep the position of the family hostess.
정길자 숙명여자대학교 2002 숙명語文論集 Vol.4 No.-
This study deals with women's inner world shown in a boudoir poem "Flower Pancake Song(花煎歌)"owned by Kyungbuk University. The contents and the emotion of "Flower Pancake Song" can be analyzed into two types of women. One is an old widow type, and the other is a young widow type. The former type shows a couple's worth of social existence, their existential consciousness and their means of making a living. The latter type shows emotional characteristics. The two types show emotional differences. The first type 'Dendong Omi'makes a profound study of herself and forms her own self-consciousness, overcoming bereavement and hard living. She makes a living through doing the work mainly for men and lower classes. Repeated bereavements as well as hard living leave bitter lamentation to her. The second type doesn't make her own self-consciousness. Instead, the type only shows deep lamentation which results from bereavement. The poem can be further analyzed as follows: First, 'Dendong Omi'thinks highly of the husband's worth of social existence and gets married four times. Second, 'Dendong ami' changes the means of making her living whenever she gets married to a man who is in a different social class. With her repeated marriage, her job also changes into a day laborer, a peddler, and a taffy vendor. It means that her own way of living is not a passive noble act of thrift and diligence inside a house, but an active attitude of a working class. Third, the emotion of the two types shows different characteristics. Though they have a negative sigh in common, they show a little difference of positive lamentation. The first type has friendly compassion enough to take a pity on her dead husband and regard a ghost as her dead spirit. On the contrary, the second type does not give up her dead husband and shows a retrogressive attitude enough to say, "He isn't dead" and "I wish I could met him in my dream." In addition, the remarkable emotion of the first type is not to show only negative lamentation, but to show a friendly pity on her dead husband and resign herself to sublimation. Fourth, in the flower pancake game, there is a process to exorcise their bitter lamentation with spring and flowers. Especially 'Dendong ami' of the first type exorcises her bitter lamentation through enjoying the game. It is admirable to exorcise women's deep lamentation by linking together nature and human beings. As we have seen, the inner world of the two women types show both sameness and difference according to their living difficulties, which is a specialty of women's experience.