回轉圓板에 依한 窒酸化에 關한 硏究

諸元穆,鄭渭得,金冕燮 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1989 環境科學論文集 Vol.10 No.-

回轉圓板을 利用하여 COD除去와 室酸化를 同時에 效率的으로 達成하기 위하여 일련의 實驗을 行하였다. 回轉圓板에서 박리시킨 Sludge를 현탁 狀態에서 利用하여 室酸化에 미치는 pH의 影響을 檢討하였으며, 最適 pH값은 7.5∼8.5이었다. 많은 量의 酸素供給에 依해서도 室酸化는 增加되지 않았으며, 그 까닭은 놓은 COD負荷條件下에서 COD를 利用하는 微生物君에 依해 두꺼워진 生物膜이 室酸化에 必要한 酸素와 基質移動을 制限한 때문인 것으로 推定되었다. 回轉圓板을 利用한 室酸化를 爲해서는 COD負荷는 0.027㎎/㎝²·hr以下로 制限되어야 하고, 또 높은 COD와 無機室素를 合有하는 廢水의 處理에는 多段 System이 適用되어야 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. Rotating biological disc contactor system was used in order to accomplish the COD removal and nitrification simultaneously in one step. The effect of pH on nitrification rate was examined in a suspended growth system, using microorganism scraped from the rotating discs, and an optimum pH value was between 7.5 and 8.5. Nitrification was not accompanied by a large amount of dissolved oxygen supplied in the system. This might be attributed to the inreased thickness of the COD-utilizer-biofilm limited oxygen and substrate transfer for nitrification under high COD loading. It was found that the COD loading must be reduced to below 0.027㎎/㎝²·hr, for nitrification to occur in the rotating disc system, and that a multi-stage system could improve the treatment of waste water containing both high COD and inorganic nitrogen.

Studies on Carrier-Free Silver-111 with Membrane Filters

제원목,Jae, Won-Mok Korean Chemical Society 1973 대한화학회지 Vol.17 No.5

무단체 Ag-111의 상태를 여과법에 의하여 연구하였다. 이 연구는 막여과자에 의하여 수용액에 있어서 Ag-111의 pH 및 농도변화에 대한 효과를 조사하였다. 이 연구결과 막여과지에 대한 Ag-111의 부착은 Freundlich 흡착 등온식에 따르고 Ag-111의 흡착상태는 AgOH 형태로 존재하며 높은 pH에서 흡착성이 없는 $Ag(OH)_{2}-$는 Ag의 흡착을 방해하는 것으로 생각된다. 또한 무단체 Ag-111는 수용액중에서 $Ag^+$상태로 존재하고 있다. The state of carrier-free silver-111 has been studied by applying filtration method. The studies involved that the effects of pH and concentration of silver-111 in aqueous solution have been determined with membrane filters. The present studies revealed that the retainment of silver-111 on membrane filters followed Freundlish adsorption isotherm, and the adsorbed state of silver-111 was present in the form of AgOH. Also it was supposed that the formation of the non-adsorbed hydroxide of$Ag(OH)_{2}-$ may prohibit the existance of AgOH at higher pH, and it seems to be valid that the carrier-free silver-111 in aqueous solution exists in$Ag^+$state.

금속도금공장 폐수중의 구리 및 시안화물의 효과적인 처리방법

諸元穆,洪鍾斗,金冕燮 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1988 環境科學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

구리 및 시안화물이 혼합된 도금폐수를 적절하게 처리하는 방법을 알기 위하여 pH,농도 및 접촉시간에 따르는 용액중 구리 및 시안화물의 제거율을 실험하였다. 그 결과 시안화물은 5% NaOC1용액으로 처리하면 잔류시안 농도가 0.03 ㎎/ℓ이하로 환경배출기준에 적합하였다. pH에 따르는 영향은 pH8 이상에서 99%제거율을 나타냈다. 구리혼합용액은 중화침전법으로 실험한 결과 pH8에서 99%가 짧은 시간에 제거되었다. 시안화물과 구리혼합용액의 pH에 따르는 제거율은 pH8 및 11에서 높은 제거율(95%이상)을 보였으며 pH10에서 제거율이 떨어지는 결과를 얻었다. To investigate the effective removal method of copper and cyanide compounds in metal plating waste water, removal ratio of copper and cyanide compounds in solution are measured with varying pH, concentration and contact time. As results of the present expriment, cyanide compounds in the solution are removed to 0.03 ㎎/ℓ or less with 5% NaOC1 solution. The present result is satisfied to environmental disposal standards. The removal ratio against pH values show 99% over pH8. As results of neutral precipitation method, copper including solution are removed to 99% at pH8 in short time. The removal ratios of cyanide mixed copper solution against pH values show high efficiency(over 95%) at pH8 and 11 and removal ratios are decreased at pH10.

몰리브도 인산암모늄에 의한 핵분열 생성물의 분리

제원목,도규식 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1990 環境科學論文集 Vol.11 No.-

합성 무기이온교환체인 AMP에서 Cs-137, Ce-141 그리고 Co-60의 이온교환능을 합성 유기이온교환체인 Dowex-50과 천연 무기이온교환체인 Bentonite에서의 그것과 비교하였다. 각 이온교환체에 대한 흡착계수(Kd)는 회분식실험(Batch experiment)으로부터 얻어졌다. 본 실험은 첫째, 교반시간에 대한 Kd값 둘째, 질산농도 변화에 대한 Kd값 마지막으로 Co, Cs, Ce의 각각의 농도변화에 따른 Kd값의 변화를 측정하였다. 교반시간에 따른 Kd값은 3.5cm stroke shaker를 사용해서 분당 290회의 shaking을 했을 때 대부분의 경우 1-4hrs에서 평형상태에 도달하였다. 질산의 농도에 따른 Kd값은 AMP, Dowex 50에 있어서 ??mol/l 이하의 농도에서 거의 일정해졌으며 Bentonite는 ??mol/l 이하에서 같은 현상을 보였다. Co, Cs, Ce의 농도 변화에 따른 흡착계수는 ??-??mol/ㅣ에서는 거의 일정하게 나타났으며 ??mol/l 이상의 고농도에서는 각각의 이온에 대한 흡착계수가 점차 감소하는 경향을 보였다. The ion exchange behavior of some typical fission products such as Cs-137 and Ce-141 and corrosion product, Co-60 on synthetic inorganic ion exchanger, Ammonium Molybdophosphate, was studied and compared with that on synthetic organic ion exchanger, Dowex-50 and natural inorganic ion exchanger, Bentonite. Distribution coefficient on each exchanger was obtained from batch experiment. To study concentration effects of Co-60, Cs-137 and Ce-141, the optimal shaking time and optimal concentration of HNO₃ solution were predeterminded. In general, Kd value has a tendency to decrease at higher concentration than 10??Mol/l of each metal solution, and AMP has a better adsorbability for Cs?? at relatively low concentration than other exchangers.

Adsorption Kinetics of Carrier-Free Yttrium-90 on Membrane Filters

제원목,Won Mok Jae Korean Chemical Society 1972 대한화학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The adsorption kinetics on a membrane filter have been studied by an introduction of acid or alkali in yttrium-90 solution. The change of the adsorption in the filtration process was determined by the filtrate activities with using a microsyringe filter holder connected with a syringe. The over all reaction rate obeyed a reversible first order reaction, and the rate constants thus obtained, showed the values of $k_1$ = 0.12 $sec^{-1}$ and $k_1'$ = 0.039 $sec^{-1}$. As a result of the present studies, it would be reasonable that the rate determining step of the adsorption reaction was the hydrolysis reaction of the adsorbed yttrium ions.

Determination of the Formation Constants of Metal Complexes with Organic Acids by Adsorption Method

제원목,Jae, Won-Mok Korean Chemical Society 1971 대한화학회지 Vol.15 No.4

The adsorption method for the determination of the formation constants of the metal complexes with organic acids was developed by using membrane filters. The adsorption method involved the measurements of radioactivities of the adsorbed metal on membrane filters and the filtrate solution after the radioactive metal ion were filtered through membrane filters in the presence of organic ions of varying concentration. Comparing the adsorption method with the ion exchange method, it was seen that the adsorption method was simpler and faster than the ion exchange method. As an example of the metal complex with organic acid yttrium citrate complex was chosen, and the formation constant of the complex obtained by the adsorption method showed $K_f=2.0{\times}10^{-4}(l. mole^{-1})$ at a pH of 7. Also the present study revealed that the carrierfree state of yttrium in aqueous solution was present in the completely ionized state.

Studies on Carrier-Free Yttrium-90 with Membrane Filters

제원목,Jae, Won-Mok Korean Chemical Society 1970 대한화학회지 Vol.14 No.4

The state of carrier-free yttrium-90 has been studied by filtration method with membrane filters. The studies include the adsorption ratio of carrier-free yttrium-90 on membrane filters by the change of PH, concentration of yttrium-90, and the pore size of member filters. The adsorption followed to Freundlich adsorption isotherm. The adsorption mechanism was proposed by the adsorption of transient state as an ionic form of $Y^{3+}$, and the experimental results were explained satisfactorily by the proposal. The adsorbed state of yttrium was present in the forms of yttrium such as $Y^{3+},\;Y(OH)^{3+},\;Y(OH)^{2+},\;Y(OH)^+_3,\;and\;Y(OH)_3$,and the existing ratios of the forms of yttrium were sharply changed by PH. It seems to be valid tha the carrier-free yttrium-90 exists mostly in $Y^{3+}$ state.

無擔體 Pm-147에 관한 硏究

諸元穆 대한방사선방어학회 1976 방사선방어학회지 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 무단체 Pm-147의 농도 및 pH 변화에 대하여 여과과정에서 膜??過??에 대한 吸着상태를 조사하여 무단체 Pm-147의 溶液상태에 있어서 化學的상태 및 吸着상태에서의 Pm-147의 화학적 상태에 관하여 연구하였다. 이와 아울러 放射能물질의 擔體로 사용되는 Fe(OH)₃와의 共沈상태를 연구하였다. 무단체 Pm-147은 水溶液에서 Pm³+상태로 존재하며 膜여과지에 의한 여과과정에서 吸着이 일어난다. 吸着狀態는 pH에 따라 여러 가지 이온상태로 존재하고 있다. 즉 pH 5.0까지는 Pm³+상태로 존재하며 pH5.0∼6.0까지는 점차로 Pm(OH)²+상태로 옮아가며 pH 6.0 이상에서는 Pm(OH)₂+에서 Pm(OH)²+, Pm(OH)₃ 상태로 吸着상태로 흡착상태가 이동한다. Fe³+와 Pm³+의 共沈은 F(OH)₃에 대한 Pm³+의 흡착이며 높은 pH 및 Fe 擔體의 量에 따라 Pm(OH)₂+등의 상태로 나타나고 있다. The present investigation was intended to study the state of Pm-147 in solution and its adsorbed state on membrane filters by varying the concentrations of Pm-147 solution and its pH. Also, the study on the coprecipitation of Pm-147 with Fe(OH)₃ was carried out by varying, amounts of Fe(OH)₃ and pH of the solution. The carrier-free Pm-147 exists in an ionic state of Pm³+ in solution, and is adsorbed on membrane filter in filtration process. The adsorbed state of Pm-147 on the membrane filter shows various ionic state at a constant ionic strength of 0.1M NaCI, that is, Pm³+ state exists until pH value of 5.0, then gradually Pm(OH)₂+ state appears between pH value of 5.0 to 6.0, and the state of Pm(OH)₂+ and Pm(OH)₃ would be expected at the higher pH value of 6.0. Coprecipitation of Pm-147 on Fe(OH)₃ is an adsorption penomenon in and ionic state of Pm³+ in acidic condition. At higher pH and larger amount of Fe carrier, the adsorbed state of Pm-147 shows Pm(OH)²+ and Pm(OH)₂+ state. As a results of the present studies, it is seen that the characteristic of carrier free radioisotopes is not due to the radioactivity, but due to the adsorption of ultramicroquantity of radioisotopes. Therefore, the knowledge on the ultramicrequantity of radioisotopes could help for the solution of decontamination in handing and chemical procedure with radioisotopes.

環境放射線測定의 現況

諸元穆 漢陽大學校 環境科學硏究所 1982 環境科學論文集 Vol.3 No.-

無擔體(무단체) Pm-147에 관한 硏究

諸元穆 漢陽大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.8 No.-

The present investigation was intended to study the state of Pm-147 in solution and its adsorbed state on membrane filters by varying the concentrations of Pm-147 solution and its pH. Also, the study on the coprecipitation of Pm-147 withFe(OH)₃was carried out by varying amounts of Fe(OH)₃ and pH of the solution. The carrier-free Pm-147 exists in an ionic state of ?? in solution, and its adsorbed on membrane filter in filtration process. The adsorbed state of Pm-147 on the membrane filter shows various ionic state at a constant ionic strength of 0.1 MNaCl, that is, ?? state exists until pH value of 5.0, then gradually ?? state appears between pH value of 5.0 to 6.0, and the state ef ?? and Pm(OH)₃ would be expected at the higher pH value of 6.0. Coprecipitation of Pm-147 on Fe(OH)₃ is an adsorption penomenon in an ionic state of?? in acidic condition. At higher pH and larger amount of Fe carrier, the adsorbed state of Pm-147 shows ?? and ?? state. As a results of the present studies, it is seen that the charcteristic of carrier free radioisotopes is not due to the radioactivity, but due to the adsorption of ultramicroquantity of radioisotopes. Therefore, the knowledge on the ultramicroquantity of radioisotopes could help for the solution of decontamination in handing and chemical procedure with radioisotopes.