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중국의 재정정책에 관한 고찰 : 시대별 재정정책변화의 특성을 중심으로
배근후 한국재정학회 1997 재정논집 Vol.12 No.1
The origin of China's fiscal policy can be traced back to 1928. But at that time, as China was divided by many independent regions, it was impossible to carry a comprehensive fiscal policy into effect. To put it more specifically, a true fiscal policy at a national level didn't be executed until China was established as a socialist state. At the time of the establishment of a socialist state, however, China's standard of living was very low due to the decline of its productive power, and its economy was, as a result of still-existing class strifes, in a state of stagnation. To overcome these difficulties and consequently to regenerate its national economy, China made every effort to increase its financial income by executing a monopoly policy and strengthening its taxation policy, and asked USSR for an aid. In 1976, when the modernization of China began as a new start, much more investment was necessary than ever before to satisfy the demand for avaiable materials and to increase its productive power. During that period, China's fiscal policy which had been influenced by that of U.S.S.R was brought into effect in the form of 'unified total financial funds and totally-planned expenditure,' and, therefore, its fiscal policy didn't allowed the participations of a region or an enterprise. But since 1979 its fiscal policy has been transformed into a decentralized one, and the participation of a region or an enterprise in the policy has remarkably been increased. These changes in the fiscal policy have regenerated local financial systems, resulting in the increase of tax income, and have partly contributed to satisfying the capital demands caused by China's open-door policy and its modernization. In this thesis, the nature of a socialist state's fiscal policy and its operating system are firstly considered. And then, the history of China's fiscal policies and its financial system are explained and analysed. Finally, on the basis of the analysis, some characteristic problems of China's fiscal policy and their solutions will be suggested.
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裵根厚 尙志大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.17 No.-
Chinese Budget mangement system is mainly characterized by the substnce of socialistic nations and her national finance is devided into socialized and non-socialized sectors in the economic terms. In the prospect of production means, the former in which the system are common is composed of national enterprises and group economics etc., whereas the latter in private is composed of individuals and private enterprises. Non-socialized economic sector, called individual economy in other words, plays only a scarce role in national economy. On the contrary, most part of national economic production activities are occupied by socialized economic sector and national enterprised play a main role in this sector. So, the profits paid by national enterprised and dealing taxed levied by them in the process of dealing stage are the key factors of income sources in national budget, and the weight of amount given by individual enterprises could not be proportionated so much. Therefore, China will be increased in accourdance with the development of commonized economy. And through the social product distribution, their budget resources are allocated not only to support socialism-building, which is followed by national economic development plan but to meet required funds needed in incrementally improving their quality and quantity of life. Based upon the aforementioned systematic characteristics, this study is focused on the provision of comparative analysis in fiscal structures with the help from figuring out structural analysis about Chinese budget management system with specifix reference to the post socialistic state in china located in the oriental cultural area.
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배근후(Bae Keun-Hoo) 한국관세학회 2002 관세학회지 Vol.3 No.2
Since korea economic growth, korea has become a major oil consumption country, the world's sixth most consumption country and the world's fourth most oil importer. The increase in oil consumption has become increasingly decedent on imports, resulting in much burden on trade balance, continued expansion on the oil reserved facility, financial problems, and geographical location. It goes to demage korea economy by unexpected market fluctuation on world oil industry, which has negatively an impact on energy-security side. Until the beginning of 1990's, korea oil policy was focused an supply side, which provided oil in safe and low cost for continued economic growth, leading to inventively government regulation and intervention on the domestic oil market. But deregulation is becoming increase in 1990's and it is expected to participate international society more under OECD. On the world side, oil dependency on OPEC is increase high in the midst of structural instability on world oil market and under integration environmental regulation such as UN framework convention on climate change, usage of fossil fuel is expected to be controlled in the near future. For now condition changes, korea must adopt a new policy on the oil industry and long term oil strategy. On these basis of the recognition that new oil supply system is needed to adapt environmental change, this study examined current situation to the oil industry, to view the demand-supply structure, and to provide the effective policy on the oil industry.
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