一部地域 大學生들의 吸煙實態에 關한 調査

申明悳 순천청암대학 1979 論文集-順川看護專門大學 Vol.5 No.-

This study was examined to obtain information on smoking of 619 freshman at two college in Soon Chun City. The following results were obtained. 1. 76.9% of them have ever had smoking. Their first smoking was in middle school days (9%) in high school days (47.9%),after high school(14.1%) and in college days (29%). And the average age of first smoking was 18.4years old. 2. Distribution of religion was as follows ; Christian(27.5%),Buddhist(13.7%) ,Catholic(7,9%),Unbeliever(50.2%). 3. Distribution of home town; Most of them was from rural area. 4. Personality of their parent was at most indulgent and permissive and that of students was cheerful and sociable. 5. A smoker of their family occupied 32.3%(the highest rate). 6. Motivation for first smoking was as follows ; to make a friend(33.6%), curiosity(33%),psychological frustration(24.2%) and sense of futility (6.5%) 7. In feeling for first smoking was no special feeling(57.6%), afraid (20.6%) and very nice(17%)ranted. 8. Their helper at firt smoking was friends (75.4%),alone(18.3%), and seniors (5.1%). 9. The place of first smoking was friend's house (28.4%) suburbs (28.2%), and their own house(13.5%). 10. Students' favorite cigarette was Gubuksun or Sun(81.1%) Eunhasu or Honsando(2.7%), and Hwanhee(16.2%). 11. The number of days for smoking 20 pieces of cigarettes was 48.5% less than 2days,22.8% for3-4days and 22.7% for 5days and over. 12. Their knowledge about bad effects of the smoking was as follows ; reduce life expectancy(68.5%), induced the lung cancer (56.5%),worsening the heart disease (52%),reduce brain function (75.8%), and induced appetite (32.3%), worsening the liver cirrhosis(42%), and induced the peptic ulcer (36.8%)

看護學生의 意識構造에 關한 調査硏究

申明悳 순천청암대학 1980 論文集-順川看護專門大學 Vol.6 No.-

一部地域 住民이 家族計劃實態에 關한 調査硏究

申明悳 순천청암대학 1979 論文集-順川看護專門大學 Vol.5 No.-

The Purpose of this survey is to obtain information on knowledge, attitude and actual state about family Planning and artificial abortion of 475 married women in Soon Chun city. This study was examined by questionaire method during the Period from Aug 1 to 15,1979. The obtained results ware as follows. 1) General Characteristics; 1. Indistribution of age married women aged 30 - 34 occupied the highest rate (27%) 2. 71.6% of them had a religion, 36.4% of them had christianity. 3. Standard of education : 37.5% of them completed the high school course (the highest rate), unschooled women were only 3.6% 4. Family system:73.1% of then had a nuclear family. 2) Knowledge and attitude about family Planning. 1. 84% of them said that we felt strongly the necessity of family planning. 2. 30.9% of them had three children(highest rate) and the average number of children was 2,6 children. 3. 39.8% of them said that they wanted to have only three children (the highest rate) and the average number of children that they wanted to have 2.2 children. 4. 59.6% of them said that the ideal aged intervals of children was three years and the average aged intervals of children was 2.8 years. 5. Practical rate of contraception was 75.2%, and the method of it was as follows. oral pill 38.6%, Loop 25.8%, condom 14.3%. 6. Side actions of contraception was follows. vomiting 30.6%, weakness 17.7%, vaginal bleeding 15.6%, inflammation and back ache 10.9% 3) Attitude about artificial abortion. 1. 61.1% of them had ever had artificial abortions(2.0 times average) and women who had ever had only once wwere 39.3% (the hightest rate). 2. The failure of contraception made them artificial abortion (29.6%) 3. 77.9% of them experienced the complication after abortion: that is back ache (41.2%),vaginal bleeding (27%), edema(19.4%) high fever(7.1%), leukorrhea (5.3%) 4. As the treatment of complication:53.5% of them consulted with obsterician and 21.7% of them never consulted with Dr.at all.Because they felt the symptoms were not serious. 5. 85.8% of women experienced abortion had felt the sense of gult, and others never felt 14.2%

원불교 교단사에 나타난 교리의 체계화 과정 고찰 : 초기 교서를 중심으로 Centering upon the early scriptures

신명덕 圓光大學校 圓佛敎學硏究會 1989 圓佛敎學硏究 Vol.19 No.-

시판 스낵식품의 일반성분, 무기질 함량과 지질의 지방산 조성

申明德,金乙祥 단국대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of breakfast cereal products sold in market. The samples used in this study were selecred in terms of the product type and their material, and were compared in their contents and the cost of 30g sample(as one serving size). The snack foods were analyzed in the proximate composition, the minerals and the composition of fatty acids. The effect of supplementation with each nutrient was investigated when 30g of cereal was served sith 120ml of milk, 50g of one egg and 100g of one apple. There was no difference between the weight values determined in this study and those showed on food labellings. The costs of the oat and wheat germ products were higher than of others, while that of barley products was the lowest. Protein contents of the snack foods were ranged 4.7∼33.0% and that of wheat germ product was 33.0%. Lipid contents were ranged 0.1∼9.2%, and that of wheat germ product was the highest (9.2%). The energy contents per 100g were ranged 369∼410Kcal. Calcium contents of the snack foods were considerably low and the iron contents were high. The variation of fatty acid composition was wide. As the nutritional value of 30g of cereal products was very low, it would be more effective to take cereals with milk, egg and fruit. Through the nutritional adequacy was mostly contributed from having milk, one egg and fruit for one meal size, this one may not give enough nutrients except iron.

일부지역 주민의 가족계획실태에 관한 조사연구

신명덕,Sin, Myeong-Deok 한국지역사회간호학회 1990 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.2 No.1

일부지역 주민의 가족계획실태에 관한 조사연구

신명덕 한국지역사회간호학회 1992 지역사회간호학회지 Vol.2 No.1

1992년도 추계 학술강연 및 발표대회 개요 - 강연 , 제련 ( 발표 130 ) : 전로형 용융환원법에서의 2차연소현상에 대한 수치적 연구

이상덕,신명균,윤종규 대한금속재료학회 ( 구 대한금속학회 ) 1992 대한금속재료학회 학술대회 개요집 Vol.1992 No.1

전로형 용융환원법에서의 2차 연소현상에 대한 수치적 연구

윤종규,이상덕,신명균 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1993 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.31 No.5

The turbulent combustion phenomena in the gas phase occurring at the post combustion stage in a bath-type smelting reduction process were simulated by use of a mathematical model, which combines the SCRS combustion model with instantaneous reaction up to the chemical equlibrium state allowing the concentration fluctuation, the k-ε turbulent model and flux method. The finite difference method based on the control volume approach was used to solve the transport equations in a converter of 100 ton capacity. The effects of injecting method on the oxidation were mainly studied. the combustion flame is spread more widely with the decrease of inlet velocity of injecting oxygen. The efficiency of the post combustion operation was evaluated by the post combustion ratio at the outlet of furnace. The post combustion ratio increases with the decrease of inlet velocity of injecting oxygen and with the increase of lance height from the iron bath surface.

시판 스낵식품의 아미노산 조성 및 우유, 계란과 사과의 동시 섭취시 보족효과

金乙祥,申明德 단국대학교 1988 論文集 Vol.22 No.-

This study was carried out to evaluate the nutritional adequacy of breakfast cereal products sold in market. Breakfast cereal products of several manufacturing companies were obtained and analyzed in their amino acid composition. Futhermore, the effect of supplementation was evaluated when cereals were combined simultanously with milk, an apple and an egg. It was shown that Glu was the highest amino acid content in all the cereal products. Pro was the second highest in corn and barley products, while Arg was in the rice, oat and in wheat germ products. Third one was Leu or Asp, depending on the products. Ratio of total essential amino acid ranged from 26.3% to 33.7%. Wheat germ products showed the highest score of 33.7%. In the snack product whose main constiuent was corn, loss of amino acid in puffed type of cereal was higher than that of flaked type. The amino scores of all the cereal products ranged from 11.0 to 48.0. Among all the snacks, rice product had the highest score value of 48.0. The first limiting amino acid of breakfast cereal products was sulfur containing amino acid or Lys. Though the protein quality of breakfast cereal products was poor, supplementation of 120ml milk, one egg, and one apple with the snacks provide a good quality of protein because of their various amino acid content. Hence it would be highly desirable to combine breakfast cereal products with milk, an egg and an apple.