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Prevention of Atopic Asthma by Early Intervention during Childhood: Testable Approaches
( PG Holt DSc FAA ),( Peter D,Sly MD DSc ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2005 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.25 No.4
Recent research from a broad range of independent laboratories indicates that the development of persistent atopic asthma is frequently related to potentially preventable events which occur during early childhood. In particular, the combined effects of respiratory viral infections and atopic responses to aeroallergens during infancy, resulting in turn from developmental deficiencies in innate and adaptive immune function, appear to play crucial roles in asthma aetiology. If this model for asthma development is valid, then a variety of testable options exist for primary prevention of the disease. A range of these are discussed below. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2005;25:251-258)
Lee, Ho-Sun,Barraza-Villarreal, Albino,Biessy, Carine,Duarte-Salles, Talita,Sly, Peter D.,Ramakrishnan, Usha,Rivera, Juan,Herceg, Zdenko,Romieu, Isabelle American Physiological Society 2014 PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS Vol.46 No.23
<P>Epigenetic regulation of imprinted genes is regarded as a highly plausible explanation for linking dietary exposures in early life with the onset of diseases during childhood and adulthood. We sought to test whether prenatal dietary supplementation with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) during pregnancy may modulate epigenetic states at birth. This study was based on a randomized intervention trial conducted in Mexican pregnant women supplemented daily with 400 mg of DHA or a placebo from gestation <I>week 18–22</I> to parturition. We applied quantitative profiling of DNA methylation states at <I>IGF2</I> promoter 3 (<I>IGF2</I> P3), <I>IGF2</I> differentially methylated region (DMR), and <I>H19</I> DMR in cord blood mononuclear cells of the DHA-supplemented group (<I>n</I> = 131) and the control group (<I>n</I> = 130). In stratified analyses, DNA methylation levels in <I>IGF2</I> P3 were significantly higher in the DHA group than the control group in preterm infants (<I>P</I> = 0.04). We also observed a positive association between DNA methylation levels and maternal body mass index; <I>IGF2</I> DMR methylation was higher in the DHA group than the control group in infants of overweight mothers (<I>P</I> = 0.03). In addition, at <I>H19</I> DMR, methylation levels were significantly lower in the DHA group than the control group in infants of normal weight mothers (<I>P</I> = 0.01). Finally, methylation levels at <I>IGF2/H19</I> imprinted regions were associated with maternal BMI. These findings suggest that epigenetic mechanisms may be modulated by DHA, with potential impacts on child growth and development.</P>