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Linguistic Angst and Multiculturalism: The Singaporean Experience
( Zhiming Bao ) 부경대학교 글로벌지역학연구소 2017 Journal of Global and Area Studies(JGA) Vol.1 No.1
Singapore is a multiethnic, multilingual city-state since its founding. Within the multilingual society, the languages have well-defined functions: English is the working language, and Chinese (Mandarin), Malay and Tamil are the mother tongues of the respective ethnic groups. Within the Chinese community, the traditional dialects are Southern Min (Hokkien, Teochew) and Cantonese. After independence, the government chose English as the working language, closed vernacular schools, and promoted Mandarin within the Chinese community. Within a short span of 40 years since independence, the young Singaporeans have virtually abandoned dialects in favor of English and Mandarin. The government`s language policy has created a multilingual, multicultural community. This article traces the history of the language situation in Singapore, and describes the linguistic angst that permeates the community. The linguistic angst is manifested in language choice, language identity, and language confidence, among others. Linguistic angst is perhaps the by-product of multilingualism and multiculturalism.