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Song, Youngsup,Lee, Jae-Ik,Pyo, Soonjae,Eun, Youngkee,Choi, Jungwook,Kim, Jongbaeg IOP Pub 2016 Nanotechnology Vol.27 No.20
<P>A novel carbon nanotube (CNT)-based flexible strain sensor with the highest gauge factor of 4739 is presented. CNT-to-CNT contacts are fabricated on a pair of silicon electrodes fixed on a PDMS specimen for both flexibility and electrical connection. The strain is detected by the resistance change between facing CNT bundles. The proposed approach could be applied for diverse applications with a high gauge factor.</P>
Deformable Carbon Nanotube-Contact Pads for Inertial Microswitch to Extend Contact Time
Jae-Ik Lee,Youngsup Song,Hakkyun Jung,Jungwook Choi,Youngkee Eun,Jongbaeg Kim IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol.59 No.12
<P>We have demonstrated a batch-fabricated inertial microswitch with extended contact time using carbon nanotube (CNT)-contact pads. Self-assembled and aligned CNT bundles, as deformable electromechanical contact pads are selectively synthesized on fully fabricated single crystal silicon microstructures. Outstanding mechanical flexibility and resilience, as well as electrical conductivity of CNTs, make them suitable as an electromechanical contact material. It is experimentally verified that the elastic deformation of CNTs dramatically enhances the contact time of the inertial microswitch from 7.5 μs to 114 μs. Due to the prolonged contact time, the presented inertial microswitch provides reliable and easy detection of threshold acceleration, which is crucial in diverse commercial applications such as airbag restraint systems in vehicles or geriatric healthcare systems.</P>
김현경(Hyungyung Kim),오영섭(Youngsup Oh),송대준(Daejun Song),오승택(Sengtaek Oh),김동학(Donghak Kim),이동열(Dongyul Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2014 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.5
A new point of view in vehicle bumper frame is proposed by Contacted 2 Pipes BUMPER STRUCTURE, which is a new development method based on the principle of hot-stamping, structural design, method of TRIZ and evaluations. As a result of the application of new bumper frame, this paper classifies Increased of strength to 1.8GPa, Shapes of Cold Coiled Thin Pipe, optimized structural design, and enhanced performance of RCAR, Towing and Shipping.
Radicicol induces intracellular accumulation of glycan-deficient clusterin variant
Choi, Ilho,Lee, Yumi,Park, Joong-Yeol,Song, Youngsup,Chang, Eun-Ju,Kang, Sang-Wook Elsevier 2015 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.458 No.3
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Proteostasis regulation using naturally occurring small molecules has been considered as a promising strategy for manipulating cancer sensitivity and therapy. Here, we identify a small molecule Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol that induces intracellular accumulation of cytotoxic clusterin variant. In the mechanistic basis, this variant proved to be a product disposed from the stressed ER. During this process, inhibitory effect of radicicol on protein degradation results in cytosolic accumulation of glycan-deficient clusterin variant that signals cell death. These results provide a therapeutic insight into the targeted proteostasis perturbation of clusterin as an anti-cancer strategy.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A small molecule Hsp90 inhibitor radicicol induces ER stress. </LI> <LI> Hsp90 inhibition induces intracellular accumulation of cytotoxic clusterin variant. </LI> <LI> Radicicol inhibits degradation of clusterin disposed from the stressed ER. </LI> </UL> </P>
Flightless-I Controls Fat Storage in Drosophila
Park, Jung-Eun,Lee, Eun Ji,Kim, Jung Kwan,Song, Youngsup,Choi, Jang Hyun,Kang, Min-Ji Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.6
Triglyceride homeostasis is a key process of normal development and is essential for the maintenance of energy metabolism. Dysregulation of this process leads to metabolic disorders such as obesity and hyperlipidemia. Here, we report a novel function of the Drosophila flightless-I (fliI) gene in lipid metabolism. Drosophila fliI mutants were resistant to starvation and showed increased levels of triglycerides in the fat body and intestine, whereas fliI overexpression decreased triglyceride levels. These flies suffered from metabolic stress indicated by increased levels of trehalose in hemolymph and enhanced phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 alpha ($eIF2{\alpha}$). Moreover, upregulation of triglycerides via a knockdown of fliI was reversed by a knockdown of desat1 in the fat body of flies. These results indicate that fliI suppresses the expression of desat1, thereby inhibiting the development of obesity; fliI may, thus, serve as a novel therapeutic target in obesity and metabolic diseases.
Guanine deaminase in human epidermal keratinocytes contributes to skin pigmentation
( Joon Min Jung ),( Tai Kyung Noh ),( Soo Youn Jo ),( Su Yeon Kim ),( Youngsup Song ),( Mi Young Lee ),( Young-hoon Kim ),( Sung Eun Chang ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: Epidermal keratinocytes are considered as the most important neighboring cells that modify melanogenesis. Our previous study used microarray to show that guanine deaminase (GDA) gene expression is highly increased in melasma lesions. Objectives: This time, we investigated the role of GDA in skin pigmentation. Methods: We examined GDA expression in post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) lesions, diagnosed as Riehl’s melanosis. We further investigated the possible role of keratinocyte-derived GDA in melanogenesis by quantitative PCR, immunofluorescence staining, small interfering RNAbased GDA knockdown, and adenovirus-mediated GDA overexpression. Results: We found higher GDA positivity in the hyperpigmentary lesional epidermis than in the perilesional epidermis. Both UVB irradiation and stem cell factor (SCF) plus endothelin-1 (ET-1) were used, which are well-known melanogenic stimuli upregulating GDA expression in both keratinocyte culture alone and keratinocyte and melanocyte coculture. GDA knockdown downregulated melanin content, while GDA overexpression promoted melanogenesis in the coculture. When melanocytes were treated with UVB-exposed keratinocyte-conditioned media, the melanin content was increased. Also, GDA knockdown lowered SCF and ET-1 expression levels in keratinocytes. Conclusion: GDA in epidermal keratinocytes may promote melanogenesis by upregulating SCF and ET-1, suggesting its role in skin hyperpigmentary disorders.
Ha-Ri Lee,Joon Min Jung,Ji-Yeon Seo,Sung Eun Chang,Youngsup Song 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.5
Background: Ginsenosides of Panax ginseng are used to enhance skin health and beauty. The present study aimed to investigate the potential use of ginsenoside Rf (Rf) from Panax ginseng as a new anti-pigmentation agent. Methods: The anti-melanogenic effects of Rf were explored. The transcriptional activity of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) response element binding protein (CREB) and the expression levels of tyrosinase, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and tyrosinase-related proteins (Tyrps) were evaluated in melanocytes and UV-irradiated ex vivo human skin. Results: Rf significantly inhibited Forskolin (FSK) or UV-stimulated melanogenesis. Consistently, cellular tyrosinase activity and levels of MITF, tyrosinase, and Tyrps were downregulated. Furthermore, Rf suppressed MITF promoter activity, which was stimulated by FSK or CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3 (CRTC3) overexpression. Increased CREB phosphorylation and protein kinase A (PKA) activity induced by FSK were also mitigated in the presence of Rf. Conclusion: Rf can be used as a reliable anti-pigmentation agent, which has a scientifically confirmed and reproducible action mechanism, via inhibition of CREB/MITF pathway.
Suppression of melanogenesis by ebastine, the H1 antagonist, in human melanocytes
( Young Jae Kim ),( Hanju Yoo ),( Hyoung Min Na ),( Woo Jin Lee ),( Youngsup Song ),( Sung Eun Chang ) 대한피부과학회 2020 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.72 No.1
Background: Histamine is involved in cutaneous melanogenesis, and H2-receptor antagonists were reported to inhibit melanogenesis through modulation of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A axis. However, H1-receptor antagonists have not well been investigated for regulation of melanogenesis. Objectives: We examined whether ebastine, a commonly used H1-receptor antagonist for the treatment of itchy dermatosis may inhibit melanogenesis. Methods: In normal human melanocytes (NHM), Mel-ab cells, and ex vivo skin cultures were examined for cell viability. Melanin content, tyrosinase activity, and levels of MITF, DCT, TRP1, tyrosinase and membranous protein kinase C (PKC)-βII were measured after treatment of ebastine. Ex vivo skin culture were subject to melanin index and melanocytic viability. Results: Ebastine decreased melanin content and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner without affecting cell viability. Mechanistically, ebastine reduced membranous expression of PKC-βII. In ex vivo human skin, ebastine decreased melanosome deposition with well preserved epidermal melanocytes. Conclusion: Further clinical investigations are required; still, our findings imply that anti-melanogenic action of ebastine could be valuable for the management of skin hyperpigmentary disorders which are often associated with itchy dermatosis.